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World Franchise Council (WFC) Meeting (section: Country Reports), 2010

Franchising has been present in the global economy in its current format for more than a hundred ... more Franchising has been present in the global economy in its current format for more than a hundred years. Companies have used franchising for growing th

Podučavanje poduzetništva još uvijek je područje velikog broja rasprava koje se kreću od toga je ... more Podučavanje poduzetništva još uvijek je područje velikog broja rasprava koje se kreću od toga je li uopće moguće podučavati poduzetništvo pa do diskusija o najboljim pristupima učenju za poduzetništvo. U ovom radu autori zastupaju stav da je podučavanje poduzetništva moguće i poželjno, kao i da se veliki učinci u podučavanju poduzetnika mogu postići (a) vlastitim primjerom predavača (learning by being) te (b) omogućavanjem stjecanja vlastitog iskustva studenata (learning by doing). Metodološki se polazi od provjere učinkovitosti modela podučavanja poduzetništva na sve četiri razine: poduzetništvo učenjem, razumijevanjem, činjenjem te bivanjem poduzetnikom. Postavke se analiziraju na konkretnom primjeru izbornog kolegija Franšizno poslovanje i uzorku od 25 studenata. Uz pomoć prikupljenih iskustava povezivanja obrazovne institucije s poduzetničkom praksom u osobi koja podučava (istovremeno je poduzetnik i poučavatelj), ponuđeni su modeli za definiranje novih programa te utvrđene pret...

Obrazovanje za poduzetništvo - E4E, 2021

Osnove franšiznog odnosa su prijenos know-howa, poslovnih tajni, specifičnih procedura i mentorst... more Osnove franšiznog odnosa su prijenos know-howa, poslovnih tajni, specifičnih procedura i mentorstva od strane davatelja franšize u zamjenu za financijsku kompenzaciju. Franšiza kao marketinški model za brzo geografsko širenje i umrežavanje nudi podjelu rizika, bolje i brže pozicioniranje i bolju konkurentnost. U tom složenom procesu značajnu ulogu imaju nacionalne franšizne udruge koje kroz svoje aktivnosti okupljaju glavne dionike franšiznog poslovnog modela, educiraju tržište i poduzetnike o franšizi, promoviraju i potiču razvoj franšiznog sektora. Cilj ovog istraživanja je dublji uvid u digitalne aktivnosti nacionalnih franšiznih udruga u svrhu ostvarenja njihovih ciljeva. Okosnica istraživanja su web stranice, ali i ostali kanali komunikacije povezani uz web stranice nacionalnih udruga. U okviru istraživanja za ove je potrebe korišten adaptirani model baziran na tri modela (Martinez & Gauchi, 2010; Rao & Frazer, 2005; Stefanović & Stanković, 2014). Redizajnirani model evaluacije...

The scope of this doctoral dissertation is to explore both franchising in general and franchise s... more The scope of this doctoral dissertation is to explore both franchising in general and franchise sector in Croatia, with the aim of gaining insight into the potential of the Croatian small businesses to franchise. Franchising is a highly represented business expansion model in developed countries and is considered an incubator of sustainable entrepreneurship and employment. Local franchisors play a major role in expanding franchise success and internationalising businesses. The very small share of domestic franchisors in the Croatian market in relation to the total number of franchises present, and in comparison with other countries, taking into consideration all the benefits of franchising, was an impetus for the research at the origin of this dissertation. The original contribution of this dissertation is to present new insights into franchise potential of small businesses in Croatia, as well as to identify new, potential barriers to its development. Based on the results of the con...

Economy of eastern Croatia – yesterday, today, tommorow, 2014

Croatian tourism has been challenged by global tourism trends and Croatian accession to the EU. C... more Croatian tourism has been challenged by global tourism trends and Croatian accession to the EU. Cultural heritage is widely recognized as strength in all Croatian tourism and strategic development documents, however, multisectoral cooperation for its commercialization and development of continental (inland) tourism is still lacking. The question is why numerous features of Croatian tourism have not been used for better positioning Croatia as the cradle of European culture. This paper addresses the need for recognition and acknowledgment of the significant role of archeology in the development of continental tourism. It also points out the need for cooperation between universities, institutions, business and civil society, and knowledge of the cultural and natural environment for the launch of the innovative development of tourist destinations, their commercialization and networking with the compatible regions of Europe. The starting point for this paper was found in the unique archa...

Economy of Eastern Croatia Yesterday Today Tommorow, 2013

This paper analyses the results of the comparison of different socio-cultural attitudes and attit... more This paper analyses the results of the comparison of different socio-cultural attitudes and attitudes about entrepreneurial activities between regions in Croatia. Three hypothesis tested in this research are related to six regions in Croatia. One of the regions is the region of Slavonia and Baranja. Data source for this research was the GEM research (Global entrepreneurship monitor) because entrepreneurial development in some region or country depends on a lot of factors which are very well explained in the Conceptual frame of GEM research. With this research it is proved that the indicators of entrepreneurial activity do no differ on regional level in Croatia ,that there are significant differences in attitudes that depend on socio cultural matters between the regions in Croatia and that there are differences in perception and the fear of failure toward entrepreneurial activity between regions in Croatia.

Franchising is a relationship based on the transfer of specific knowledge, know-how and confident... more Franchising is a relationship based on the transfer of specific knowledge, know-how and confidential information, transmitted by franchisor through training provided to franchisees in order to facilitate achievement of joint business success. Entrepreneurs, who opt for the franchise business model, thus achieve fast geographical expansion and the creation of networks, which provide faster market positioning and higher competitiveness. The transfer of this knowledge to entrepreneurs is made easier through support of educational institutions. Since franchising represents a very specific way of entrepreneurship, some specialized organizations that bring together franchising stakeholders are born. National franchise associations promote and encourage the development of the franchise sector through their regular activities, while educational institutions create professionals with specific skills just for this business sector. Now, when the national economies are globally intertwined, the...

Franchise business is still in development stage in Croatia in comparison with the other countrie... more Franchise business is still in development stage in Croatia in comparison with the other countries in Europe especially with countries in transition. Croatia has 180 franchise systems. Croatian is only one country in the region except Slovenia to have the national franchise association active in EFF and WFC. Serbia has an association which is not continuously active. Croatia is the most developed county in the region regarding the franchising, as the number of franchise systems in Croatia has increased in the last two years. Based on the research done in 2009, which showed that reasons behind the slower development of the franchise business in The Republic of Croatia can be found in (a) lower level of entrepreneurial activities, (b) lack of knowledge in all levels and(probably the most important reason) due to the fact that (c) banks in Croatia do not recognize the franchising sector as something deferent/more secure as usual start-up entrepreneurship.

Summary Teaching entrepreneurship is still a subject of discussions ranging from whether it is po... more Summary
Teaching entrepreneurship is still a subject of discussions ranging from whether it is possible to teach entrepreneurship to the discussion about the best approaches to teaching entrepreneurship. In this paper the authors advocate for teaching entrepreneurship as possible and desirable effort, and that significant effects in teaching entrepreneurs can be achieved (a) by teachers' own examples (learning by being), and (b) by facilitating the acquisition of students' own experiences (learning by doing).
Methodology is based on testing the model of the effectiveness of teaching entrepreneurship at all four levels: entrepreneurship by learning, by understanding, by doing and by being an entrepreneur. These postulates are analyzed on the example of the elective course Franchising and the sample of 25 attending students.
Drawing conclusions raised from already existing experiences with linking educational institutions with entrepreneurial practices in the person of teacher (entrepreneur and instructor in the same person), this paper offers some models for definition of new programs, and sets conditions for the provision of effective framework for the acquisition of new knowledge and entrepreneurial skills, through proposed methods of active learning and teaching.
The purpose of this paper is to provide an additional argument in order to understand the advantages of best known practices in building educational program (curriculum, teaching assignments). The proposed methods of active teaching and learning of entrepreneurship are tools for improving the quality of teaching and learning programs for entrepreneurship. The paper also gives a contribution to understanding the need for engaging teachers with both entrepreneurial and teaching experience.

Abstract Croatian tourism has been challenged by global tourism trends and Croatian accession to ... more Abstract
Croatian tourism has been challenged by global tourism trends and Croatian accession to the EU. Cultural heritage is widely recognized as strength in all Croatian tourism and strategic development documents, however, multisectoral cooperation for its commercialization and development of continental (inland) tourism is still lacking. The question is why numerous features of Croatian tourism have not been used for better positioning Croatia as the cradle of European culture.

This paper addresses the need for recognition and acknowledgment of the significant role of archeology in the development of continental tourism. It also points out the need for cooperation between universities, institutions, business and civil society, and knowledge of the cultural and natural environment for the launch of the innovative development of tourist destinations, their commercialization and networking with the compatible regions of Europe.

The starting point for this paper was found in the unique archaeological heritage of Pannonian Croatia and in the work of world known archaeologist Sir Arthur Evans in 1871. In order to develop and utilize this tourist potential, it is necessary to evaluate the key factors that influence the creation of innovative tourism product. Therefore, the PEST analysis was made. In addition to analyzing the existing intersectoral collaboration and analysis of Triple/Quadruple/Quintuple Helix dynamics, this paper offers recommendations for introducing commercial aspect of this particular tourism product and easier access to financial resources for its implementation

The contribution of this paper is in identifying neglected potential of existing archaeological heritage as advantage for the development of continental tourism, placing the same in the context of crosssectoral cooperation, and pointing towards the need for strengthening cooperation in achieving a common goal.

Franchising contributes to (a) the strengthening of economic activities of successful ventures wi... more Franchising contributes to (a) the strengthening of economic activities of successful ventures with lower investment and increased exports, and (b) improvement of survival rate of new entrepreneurial ventures. However, despite the many benefits of franchising, the Croatian public doesn’t know enough how to operate through the franchise.
Improved communication of stakeholders and continuous promotion and education of unused opportunities of franchising, affect both the growth of franchise business in Croatia and achievement of desired results (sustainability of businesses, job creation).
Based on information gathered in associations involved in promoting franchising in Croatia, and the experience gained in the promotional/educational/informative events, new research on franchising opportunities was conducted through questionnaires and interviews of different stakeholders.
The recommendations to promote franchising as lower-risk entrepreneurship were presented, together with the need for better understanding of importance of franchise business by all stakeholders. Their better communication, promotion and coordinated cooperation should contribute to sustainability of successful entrepreneurial ventures, and job creation.

This paper analyses the results of the comparison of different socio-cultural attitudes and attit... more This paper analyses the results of the comparison of different socio-cultural attitudes and attitudes about entrepreneurial activities between regions in Croatia. Three hypothesis tested in this research are related to six regions in Croatia. One of the regions is the region of Slavonia and Baranja. Data source for this research was the GEM research (Global entrepreneurship monitor) because entrepreneurial development in some region or country depends on a lot of factors which are very well explained in the Conceptual frame of GEM research. With this research it is proved that the indicators of entrepreneurial activity do no differ on regional level in Croatia ,that there are significant differences in attitudes that depend on socio cultural matters between the regions in Croatia and that there are differences in perception and the fear of failure toward entrepreneurial activity between regions in Croatia.

Key words: Socio-cultural attitudes, Regions, Entrepreneurial activities

World Franchise Council (WFC) Meeting (section: Country Reports), 2010

Franchising has been present in the global economy in its current format for more than a hundred ... more Franchising has been present in the global economy in its current format for more than a hundred years. Companies have used franchising for growing th

Podučavanje poduzetništva još uvijek je područje velikog broja rasprava koje se kreću od toga je ... more Podučavanje poduzetništva još uvijek je područje velikog broja rasprava koje se kreću od toga je li uopće moguće podučavati poduzetništvo pa do diskusija o najboljim pristupima učenju za poduzetništvo. U ovom radu autori zastupaju stav da je podučavanje poduzetništva moguće i poželjno, kao i da se veliki učinci u podučavanju poduzetnika mogu postići (a) vlastitim primjerom predavača (learning by being) te (b) omogućavanjem stjecanja vlastitog iskustva studenata (learning by doing). Metodološki se polazi od provjere učinkovitosti modela podučavanja poduzetništva na sve četiri razine: poduzetništvo učenjem, razumijevanjem, činjenjem te bivanjem poduzetnikom. Postavke se analiziraju na konkretnom primjeru izbornog kolegija Franšizno poslovanje i uzorku od 25 studenata. Uz pomoć prikupljenih iskustava povezivanja obrazovne institucije s poduzetničkom praksom u osobi koja podučava (istovremeno je poduzetnik i poučavatelj), ponuđeni su modeli za definiranje novih programa te utvrđene pret...

Obrazovanje za poduzetništvo - E4E, 2021

Osnove franšiznog odnosa su prijenos know-howa, poslovnih tajni, specifičnih procedura i mentorst... more Osnove franšiznog odnosa su prijenos know-howa, poslovnih tajni, specifičnih procedura i mentorstva od strane davatelja franšize u zamjenu za financijsku kompenzaciju. Franšiza kao marketinški model za brzo geografsko širenje i umrežavanje nudi podjelu rizika, bolje i brže pozicioniranje i bolju konkurentnost. U tom složenom procesu značajnu ulogu imaju nacionalne franšizne udruge koje kroz svoje aktivnosti okupljaju glavne dionike franšiznog poslovnog modela, educiraju tržište i poduzetnike o franšizi, promoviraju i potiču razvoj franšiznog sektora. Cilj ovog istraživanja je dublji uvid u digitalne aktivnosti nacionalnih franšiznih udruga u svrhu ostvarenja njihovih ciljeva. Okosnica istraživanja su web stranice, ali i ostali kanali komunikacije povezani uz web stranice nacionalnih udruga. U okviru istraživanja za ove je potrebe korišten adaptirani model baziran na tri modela (Martinez & Gauchi, 2010; Rao & Frazer, 2005; Stefanović & Stanković, 2014). Redizajnirani model evaluacije...

The scope of this doctoral dissertation is to explore both franchising in general and franchise s... more The scope of this doctoral dissertation is to explore both franchising in general and franchise sector in Croatia, with the aim of gaining insight into the potential of the Croatian small businesses to franchise. Franchising is a highly represented business expansion model in developed countries and is considered an incubator of sustainable entrepreneurship and employment. Local franchisors play a major role in expanding franchise success and internationalising businesses. The very small share of domestic franchisors in the Croatian market in relation to the total number of franchises present, and in comparison with other countries, taking into consideration all the benefits of franchising, was an impetus for the research at the origin of this dissertation. The original contribution of this dissertation is to present new insights into franchise potential of small businesses in Croatia, as well as to identify new, potential barriers to its development. Based on the results of the con...

Economy of eastern Croatia – yesterday, today, tommorow, 2014

Croatian tourism has been challenged by global tourism trends and Croatian accession to the EU. C... more Croatian tourism has been challenged by global tourism trends and Croatian accession to the EU. Cultural heritage is widely recognized as strength in all Croatian tourism and strategic development documents, however, multisectoral cooperation for its commercialization and development of continental (inland) tourism is still lacking. The question is why numerous features of Croatian tourism have not been used for better positioning Croatia as the cradle of European culture. This paper addresses the need for recognition and acknowledgment of the significant role of archeology in the development of continental tourism. It also points out the need for cooperation between universities, institutions, business and civil society, and knowledge of the cultural and natural environment for the launch of the innovative development of tourist destinations, their commercialization and networking with the compatible regions of Europe. The starting point for this paper was found in the unique archa...

Economy of Eastern Croatia Yesterday Today Tommorow, 2013

This paper analyses the results of the comparison of different socio-cultural attitudes and attit... more This paper analyses the results of the comparison of different socio-cultural attitudes and attitudes about entrepreneurial activities between regions in Croatia. Three hypothesis tested in this research are related to six regions in Croatia. One of the regions is the region of Slavonia and Baranja. Data source for this research was the GEM research (Global entrepreneurship monitor) because entrepreneurial development in some region or country depends on a lot of factors which are very well explained in the Conceptual frame of GEM research. With this research it is proved that the indicators of entrepreneurial activity do no differ on regional level in Croatia ,that there are significant differences in attitudes that depend on socio cultural matters between the regions in Croatia and that there are differences in perception and the fear of failure toward entrepreneurial activity between regions in Croatia.

Franchising is a relationship based on the transfer of specific knowledge, know-how and confident... more Franchising is a relationship based on the transfer of specific knowledge, know-how and confidential information, transmitted by franchisor through training provided to franchisees in order to facilitate achievement of joint business success. Entrepreneurs, who opt for the franchise business model, thus achieve fast geographical expansion and the creation of networks, which provide faster market positioning and higher competitiveness. The transfer of this knowledge to entrepreneurs is made easier through support of educational institutions. Since franchising represents a very specific way of entrepreneurship, some specialized organizations that bring together franchising stakeholders are born. National franchise associations promote and encourage the development of the franchise sector through their regular activities, while educational institutions create professionals with specific skills just for this business sector. Now, when the national economies are globally intertwined, the...

Franchise business is still in development stage in Croatia in comparison with the other countrie... more Franchise business is still in development stage in Croatia in comparison with the other countries in Europe especially with countries in transition. Croatia has 180 franchise systems. Croatian is only one country in the region except Slovenia to have the national franchise association active in EFF and WFC. Serbia has an association which is not continuously active. Croatia is the most developed county in the region regarding the franchising, as the number of franchise systems in Croatia has increased in the last two years. Based on the research done in 2009, which showed that reasons behind the slower development of the franchise business in The Republic of Croatia can be found in (a) lower level of entrepreneurial activities, (b) lack of knowledge in all levels and(probably the most important reason) due to the fact that (c) banks in Croatia do not recognize the franchising sector as something deferent/more secure as usual start-up entrepreneurship.

Summary Teaching entrepreneurship is still a subject of discussions ranging from whether it is po... more Summary
Teaching entrepreneurship is still a subject of discussions ranging from whether it is possible to teach entrepreneurship to the discussion about the best approaches to teaching entrepreneurship. In this paper the authors advocate for teaching entrepreneurship as possible and desirable effort, and that significant effects in teaching entrepreneurs can be achieved (a) by teachers' own examples (learning by being), and (b) by facilitating the acquisition of students' own experiences (learning by doing).
Methodology is based on testing the model of the effectiveness of teaching entrepreneurship at all four levels: entrepreneurship by learning, by understanding, by doing and by being an entrepreneur. These postulates are analyzed on the example of the elective course Franchising and the sample of 25 attending students.
Drawing conclusions raised from already existing experiences with linking educational institutions with entrepreneurial practices in the person of teacher (entrepreneur and instructor in the same person), this paper offers some models for definition of new programs, and sets conditions for the provision of effective framework for the acquisition of new knowledge and entrepreneurial skills, through proposed methods of active learning and teaching.
The purpose of this paper is to provide an additional argument in order to understand the advantages of best known practices in building educational program (curriculum, teaching assignments). The proposed methods of active teaching and learning of entrepreneurship are tools for improving the quality of teaching and learning programs for entrepreneurship. The paper also gives a contribution to understanding the need for engaging teachers with both entrepreneurial and teaching experience.

Abstract Croatian tourism has been challenged by global tourism trends and Croatian accession to ... more Abstract
Croatian tourism has been challenged by global tourism trends and Croatian accession to the EU. Cultural heritage is widely recognized as strength in all Croatian tourism and strategic development documents, however, multisectoral cooperation for its commercialization and development of continental (inland) tourism is still lacking. The question is why numerous features of Croatian tourism have not been used for better positioning Croatia as the cradle of European culture.

This paper addresses the need for recognition and acknowledgment of the significant role of archeology in the development of continental tourism. It also points out the need for cooperation between universities, institutions, business and civil society, and knowledge of the cultural and natural environment for the launch of the innovative development of tourist destinations, their commercialization and networking with the compatible regions of Europe.

The starting point for this paper was found in the unique archaeological heritage of Pannonian Croatia and in the work of world known archaeologist Sir Arthur Evans in 1871. In order to develop and utilize this tourist potential, it is necessary to evaluate the key factors that influence the creation of innovative tourism product. Therefore, the PEST analysis was made. In addition to analyzing the existing intersectoral collaboration and analysis of Triple/Quadruple/Quintuple Helix dynamics, this paper offers recommendations for introducing commercial aspect of this particular tourism product and easier access to financial resources for its implementation

The contribution of this paper is in identifying neglected potential of existing archaeological heritage as advantage for the development of continental tourism, placing the same in the context of crosssectoral cooperation, and pointing towards the need for strengthening cooperation in achieving a common goal.

Franchising contributes to (a) the strengthening of economic activities of successful ventures wi... more Franchising contributes to (a) the strengthening of economic activities of successful ventures with lower investment and increased exports, and (b) improvement of survival rate of new entrepreneurial ventures. However, despite the many benefits of franchising, the Croatian public doesn’t know enough how to operate through the franchise.
Improved communication of stakeholders and continuous promotion and education of unused opportunities of franchising, affect both the growth of franchise business in Croatia and achievement of desired results (sustainability of businesses, job creation).
Based on information gathered in associations involved in promoting franchising in Croatia, and the experience gained in the promotional/educational/informative events, new research on franchising opportunities was conducted through questionnaires and interviews of different stakeholders.
The recommendations to promote franchising as lower-risk entrepreneurship were presented, together with the need for better understanding of importance of franchise business by all stakeholders. Their better communication, promotion and coordinated cooperation should contribute to sustainability of successful entrepreneurial ventures, and job creation.

This paper analyses the results of the comparison of different socio-cultural attitudes and attit... more This paper analyses the results of the comparison of different socio-cultural attitudes and attitudes about entrepreneurial activities between regions in Croatia. Three hypothesis tested in this research are related to six regions in Croatia. One of the regions is the region of Slavonia and Baranja. Data source for this research was the GEM research (Global entrepreneurship monitor) because entrepreneurial development in some region or country depends on a lot of factors which are very well explained in the Conceptual frame of GEM research. With this research it is proved that the indicators of entrepreneurial activity do no differ on regional level in Croatia ,that there are significant differences in attitudes that depend on socio cultural matters between the regions in Croatia and that there are differences in perception and the fear of failure toward entrepreneurial activity between regions in Croatia.

Key words: Socio-cultural attitudes, Regions, Entrepreneurial activities