Irena Pulko | Polymer Technology College (original) (raw)

Papers by Irena Pulko

Tetrahedron Letters, 2010

A polymer-supported 1,4-butanediolvinyl ether derivative was used for removal of an olefin metath... more A polymer-supported 1,4-butanediolvinyl ether derivative was used for removal of an olefin metathesis catalyst (PCy 3 ) 2 (Cl) 2 Ru(3-phenyl-indenylid-1-ene) (M1, PCy 3 = tricyclohexylphosphine) from the reaction solution. Poly(styrene-co-4-nitrophenyl acrylate), cross-linked with either ethylene glycol dimethacrylate or divinylbenzene was prepared via suspension polymerisation and modified chemically to yield a supported acid chloride and subsequently a 1,4-butanediolvinyl ether derivative. A batch reaction of supported vinyl ether with M1 resulted in binding of the catalyst onto the polymer. A high accessibility of up to 43% of reactive sites in the polymer matrix could be achieved.

Journal of Chromatography A, 2011

Approximately 25 cm × 25 cm large sheets of crosslinked highly porous poly(glycidyl methacrylate-... more Approximately 25 cm × 25 cm large sheets of crosslinked highly porous poly(glycidyl methacrylate-coethyleneglycol dimethacrylate-co-ethylhexyl methacrylate) membranes with an average thicknesses between 285 and 565 m were prepared by casting a high internal phase emulsion (HIPE) containing monomers onto glass substrates and subsequent polymerisation. Open cellular porous polyHIPE type membranes were obtained with large pores (cavity) sizes between 3 and 10 m while interconnecting pores were between 1 and 3 m. The percentage of ethylhexyl acrylate and ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate influenced the flexibility and morphology of the resulting membranes. Porous membranes were chemically modified with diethylamine to yield functionalised supports for ion exchange chromatography. Cylindrical housings were used for positioning of the membranes and allowing flow of the mobile phase. Pulse experiments were used to study the flow characteristics and a homogeneous flow through the entire area of the membrane was found. Bovine serum albumin was purified by a 8 ml column containing functional membrane in modular shape; dynamic binding capacity was measured to be as high as 45 mg/ml.

Chemical Communications, 2008

High internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) incorporating styrene, 4-vinylbenzyl chloride, divinylbenze... more High internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) incorporating styrene, 4-vinylbenzyl chloride, divinylbenzene and ethylhexyl acrylate were applied to prepare reactive, cross-linked porous membranes with open cellular architecture and thicknesses between 30 and 500 lm.

Chemistry-a European Journal, 2010

Macromolecular Rapid Communications, 2005

Cover: Monolithic porous poly(acrylic acid) crosslinked with N,N 0 -methylenebisacrylamide was pr... more Cover: Monolithic porous poly(acrylic acid) crosslinked with N,N 0 -methylenebisacrylamide was prepared by using an oil-inwater high internal phase emulsion as a precursor. The SEM image reveals the open cellular structure characteristic for Poly-(HIPE)s. The size of voids and pores can be controlled by using various initiators. Further details can be found in the Communication by P. Krajnc,* D. Š tefanec, and I. Pulko on page 1289.

Science of The Total Environment, 2007

The removal of atrazine from water by a solid phase extraction technique using insoluble polymers... more The removal of atrazine from water by a solid phase extraction technique using insoluble polymers is described. Porous crosslinked polymers bearing piperazine moieties were prepared in a one step reaction from the precursor 4-nitrophenylacrylate incorporating polymers (PolyHIPE type prepared by the polymerization of the continuous phase of a high internal phase emulsion and polymer beads prepared by suspension polymerization). Polymers were applied to sequester atrazine from aqueous solutions with a concentration of 33 ppb and irreversible covalent bonding to the polymers was achieved. GC/MS/MS was used to monitor the dynamics of atrazine uptake and it was found that almost complete removal of atrazine was acomplished with an excess of polymer after 48 hours at room temperature. For comparison, polymer beads of identical chemistry but lower porosity were also used and showed significantly slower action (near complete removal after 72 hours).

Macromolecular Rapid Communications, 2005

Macromolecules, 2008

Poly(high internal phase emulsion) materials were prepared from concentrated emulsions containing... more Poly(high internal phase emulsion) materials were prepared from concentrated emulsions containing 4-vinylbenzyl chloride as the reactive monomer and divinylbenzene as the cross-linker. Emulsions consisted of 80 vol. % aqueous phase (water, CaCl 2 , initiator) and 20 vol. % of organic phase (monomers, surfactant Span 80 and a porogenic solvent). Polymerized samples were purified and investigated for morphology and porosity by scanning electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption/ desorption and inverse steric exclusion chromatography (ISEC). It was found that no substantial additional dry porosity was achieved by the addition of solvents (as determined by nitrogen adsorption) while wet microporosity was substantially improved as determined by the ISEC method. The process of drying the polyHIPE materials also influenced the wet porosity.

Tetrahedron Letters, 2010

A polymer-supported 1,4-butanediolvinyl ether derivative was used for removal of an olefin metath... more A polymer-supported 1,4-butanediolvinyl ether derivative was used for removal of an olefin metathesis catalyst (PCy 3 ) 2 (Cl) 2 Ru(3-phenyl-indenylid-1-ene) (M1, PCy 3 = tricyclohexylphosphine) from the reaction solution. Poly(styrene-co-4-nitrophenyl acrylate), cross-linked with either ethylene glycol dimethacrylate or divinylbenzene was prepared via suspension polymerisation and modified chemically to yield a supported acid chloride and subsequently a 1,4-butanediolvinyl ether derivative. A batch reaction of supported vinyl ether with M1 resulted in binding of the catalyst onto the polymer. A high accessibility of up to 43% of reactive sites in the polymer matrix could be achieved.

Journal of Chromatography A, 2011

Approximately 25 cm × 25 cm large sheets of crosslinked highly porous poly(glycidyl methacrylate-... more Approximately 25 cm × 25 cm large sheets of crosslinked highly porous poly(glycidyl methacrylate-coethyleneglycol dimethacrylate-co-ethylhexyl methacrylate) membranes with an average thicknesses between 285 and 565 m were prepared by casting a high internal phase emulsion (HIPE) containing monomers onto glass substrates and subsequent polymerisation. Open cellular porous polyHIPE type membranes were obtained with large pores (cavity) sizes between 3 and 10 m while interconnecting pores were between 1 and 3 m. The percentage of ethylhexyl acrylate and ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate influenced the flexibility and morphology of the resulting membranes. Porous membranes were chemically modified with diethylamine to yield functionalised supports for ion exchange chromatography. Cylindrical housings were used for positioning of the membranes and allowing flow of the mobile phase. Pulse experiments were used to study the flow characteristics and a homogeneous flow through the entire area of the membrane was found. Bovine serum albumin was purified by a 8 ml column containing functional membrane in modular shape; dynamic binding capacity was measured to be as high as 45 mg/ml.

Chemical Communications, 2008

High internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) incorporating styrene, 4-vinylbenzyl chloride, divinylbenze... more High internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) incorporating styrene, 4-vinylbenzyl chloride, divinylbenzene and ethylhexyl acrylate were applied to prepare reactive, cross-linked porous membranes with open cellular architecture and thicknesses between 30 and 500 lm.

Chemistry-a European Journal, 2010

Macromolecular Rapid Communications, 2005

Cover: Monolithic porous poly(acrylic acid) crosslinked with N,N 0 -methylenebisacrylamide was pr... more Cover: Monolithic porous poly(acrylic acid) crosslinked with N,N 0 -methylenebisacrylamide was prepared by using an oil-inwater high internal phase emulsion as a precursor. The SEM image reveals the open cellular structure characteristic for Poly-(HIPE)s. The size of voids and pores can be controlled by using various initiators. Further details can be found in the Communication by P. Krajnc,* D. Š tefanec, and I. Pulko on page 1289.

Science of The Total Environment, 2007

The removal of atrazine from water by a solid phase extraction technique using insoluble polymers... more The removal of atrazine from water by a solid phase extraction technique using insoluble polymers is described. Porous crosslinked polymers bearing piperazine moieties were prepared in a one step reaction from the precursor 4-nitrophenylacrylate incorporating polymers (PolyHIPE type prepared by the polymerization of the continuous phase of a high internal phase emulsion and polymer beads prepared by suspension polymerization). Polymers were applied to sequester atrazine from aqueous solutions with a concentration of 33 ppb and irreversible covalent bonding to the polymers was achieved. GC/MS/MS was used to monitor the dynamics of atrazine uptake and it was found that almost complete removal of atrazine was acomplished with an excess of polymer after 48 hours at room temperature. For comparison, polymer beads of identical chemistry but lower porosity were also used and showed significantly slower action (near complete removal after 72 hours).

Macromolecular Rapid Communications, 2005

Macromolecules, 2008

Poly(high internal phase emulsion) materials were prepared from concentrated emulsions containing... more Poly(high internal phase emulsion) materials were prepared from concentrated emulsions containing 4-vinylbenzyl chloride as the reactive monomer and divinylbenzene as the cross-linker. Emulsions consisted of 80 vol. % aqueous phase (water, CaCl 2 , initiator) and 20 vol. % of organic phase (monomers, surfactant Span 80 and a porogenic solvent). Polymerized samples were purified and investigated for morphology and porosity by scanning electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption/ desorption and inverse steric exclusion chromatography (ISEC). It was found that no substantial additional dry porosity was achieved by the addition of solvents (as determined by nitrogen adsorption) while wet microporosity was substantially improved as determined by the ISEC method. The process of drying the polyHIPE materials also influenced the wet porosity.