B.V. Lingesh | VTU Belgaum, Karnataka, INDIA (original) (raw)

Papers by B.V. Lingesh

Research paper thumbnail of Investigation on the Mechanical Behavior of Polyamide 66 / Polypropylene Blends

Polymer blending is widely used method for the modification of the polymeric materials. In this s... more Polymer blending is widely used method for the modification of the polymeric materials. In this study, the mechanical behavior of polyamide 66/polypropylene (PA66/PP) blends was investigated. The different blends of PA66/PP with varying weight percentage of PP in PA66/PP were studied. The PA66/PP blends were prepared by melt mixing using twin screw extruder followed by injection molding. The mechanical properties of blends such as tensile strength, flexural strength, impact strength, and hardness were studied as per ASTM standards. It was observed that 95/5 wt.% of PA66/PP has good tensile strength (61.5 N mm), flexural strength (94 N mm), and impact strength (115 J m). The same mechanical properties were observed in decreasing trend for the different proportions of PP in steps of 5 wt.% except the impact strength of the blend. The impact strength of the blend decreased to a value of 57 J m for 85/15 wt.% of PA66/PP, after further progressive addition of PP, the strength increased. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of SGF and SCF on Physical and Mechanical Properties of PA66/PP Blend composites

This article depicts the mechanical and physical characterization of short glass fiber and short ... more This article depicts the mechanical and physical characterization of short glass fiber and short carbon fibers reinforced polyamide66 and polypropylene blend composites. Test were done on four different composites with 0wt%, 10wt% SGF, 10wt% SCF and Hybrid (10wt% SGF+10wt%SCF).Physical and mechanical properties were evaluated. It is found that fiber reinforcement improves both physical and mechanical properties. The density and void concentration greatly influenced by the content of the fibers. Water absorption decreased on reinforcement with glass fibers. Tensile flexural hardness, impact properties were also improved on reinforcement with fibers. KeywordsShort glass fiber, Short carbon fiber, Polyamide 66, Polypropylene, Polymer blend ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Research paper thumbnail of A vision system to guide visually challenged to pick up ingredients from rack

Rapid technological advancements provides a plenty of products to help visually impaired people. ... more Rapid technological advancements provides a plenty of products to help visually impaired people. In this work we propose a Vision system to guide visually challenged to pick up ingredients from rack, which aids a visually impaired to identify an object in self and guide them towards the object with an audio feedback system. Our system which acts as a personal helping hand for the user thus reducing the visually impaired user’s reliance on other people, especially with strangers when in a new environment. The proposed system implemented in three steps. First, Identification of self and detecting object present on self. Followed by in second step, Calibration of self, it calibrates user to an accessible distance from the shelf and to center of the frame. Finally, it guides user towards the recognized object with an audio feedback system. This approach is tested in an ideal environment with varied illumination and we used a shelf with three containers. © 2017, Institute of Advanced Scientific Research, Inc. All rights reserved.

Research paper thumbnail of Mechanical Characterization of Hybrid Thermoplastic Composites of Short Carbon Fibers and PA 66 / PP

The hybrid effect of fibers on the mechanical behavior of thermoplastic composites is the most im... more The hybrid effect of fibers on the mechanical behavior of thermoplastic composites is the most important for structural applications. This article deals with the individual and hybrid effect of 10 wt. % short glass fibers and 10 wt. % short carbon fibers on the mechanical behavior of 80/20 wt. % PA66/PP blend. These composites are produced by melt mixing method using twin screw extruder followed by the injection molding. The mechanical properties such as tensile, flexure, and impact behavior of the composites are studied as per ASTM method. Further, the hardness and density of the composites were also discussed. Experimental results revealed that the reinforcement of hybrid short fibers into the blend greatly enhanced mechanical behavior of PA66/PP composites. Increase in tensile strength by 77%, 104% flexural strength, and 20.8% reduction in elongation was exhibited by the blend due to the hybrid effect of fibers. Significant improvement in strength of the composites was observed d...

Research paper thumbnail of Three Body Abrasive Wear Behavior of Glass-Basalt PA66/PTFE Hybrid Composites in Multi pass Condition

Tribology in Industry, Sep 15, 2019

The three body abrasive wear (3-BAW) of Glass-Basalt hybrid composites is studied. The PA66/PTFE ... more The three body abrasive wear (3-BAW) of Glass-Basalt hybrid composites is studied. The PA66/PTFE blend(80/20 wt.%), Blend/Short glass fiber(SGF), Blend/Short Basalt fiber(SBF),Blend/10 wt.% SGF/10 wt.% SBF (GB) were the composites selected for the investigation. These composites were fabricated using twin screw extrusion and then subjected to injection molding. The experimentation has been carried out for different load (20 and 30 N) with varying distance through constant velocity (2.5 m/s) as per ASTM G65 method. It is revealed from the experimentation that the fiber filled composites exhibited better abrasion resistance. The hardness of composites, abrasion resistance of fibers and binding energy between the blend associates were found to resist the failure of composites in three body abrasion. Further, the Glass-Basalt composites (GB) exhibits good wear resistance because of their excellent Ratner-Lancaster factor (σε). It is observed that the high crystallanity of GB hybrid composites has supported the abrasion resistance. The hardness ratio between the rubber wheel and the composites is quite greater than unity. On the other hand, plastic deformation, fiber pull out and agglomeration of sand particles along with wear debris were some of the observations made during morphology of hybrid composites through SEM pictures.

Research paper thumbnail of Investigation on the Effect of Grit size on Two Body Abrasive Wear Behavior of Polyamide66/Polypropylene (PA66/PP) blends

Materials Today: Proceedings

Abstract The effect of grit size on two body abrasive wear behaviour of Polyamide66 and Polypropy... more Abstract The effect of grit size on two body abrasive wear behaviour of Polyamide66 and Polypropylene (PA66/PP) blends of 95/5, 90/10, 85/15, 80/20, 75/25 and 70/30 wt.% are investigated as per ASTM G99 by using pin on disc machine. The test were conducted for a load of 10N at a velocity of 1 m/s using abrasive SiC paper (180, 320 and 600 grit) in multi pass condition. The results revealed that the wear volume and specific wear rate are the function of abrading distance, grit size and composite blend. For a load of 10N and 180 grit with 5wt.% of PP, there was an increase in the wear volume of 86.6% against 300% increase in abrading distance. For 30wt.% PP in blend results in 18.12 mm 3 of wear volume for minimum distance and 38.5 mm 3 for maximum distance which is 112% increase for the same tested condition. More volume of material loss is due to the coarse grain size of 180 grit SiC paper. In addition, inclusions of PP into the blend results in poor wear resistance. But the average wear resistance was obtained for 80/20 wt.% PA66/PP blend. The wear volume loss occurred up to 25 wt.% of PP in the blend. Further increase of PP in blend decreased the wear volume loss. Similar observations were made for 320 and 600 grit size also. The experimental response of the study follows linear trend for all the grits. Micro cutting, deep abrasion and micro ploughing are the major mechanisms observed during the test. The worn surfaces are demonstrated by using Scanning Electron Microscope photographs (SEM).

Research paper thumbnail of Impact of sliding load and velocity on tribological response of PTFE filled polyamide 66 and polyamide 6(PA66/PA6) blend thermoplastic composites

PROCEEDINGS OF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCES IN MATERIALS RESEARCH (ICAMR - 2019)

The effect of sliding load and velocity on sliding wear behavior of PTFE filled PA66/PA6 blend th... more The effect of sliding load and velocity on sliding wear behavior of PTFE filled PA66/PA6 blend thermoplastic composites is studied. The blend PA66/PA6 in 80/20 wt. % was selected as the base material and 10 wt. % PTFE as filler for the composites. These thermoplastic composites were produced by melt mix method using extrusion technique followed by injection molding. ASTM G99 method has been adopted to study the sliding wear behavior under the influence of different loads (25, 50, 75 and 100 N) and velocities (0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 m/s). The results revealed that the straight chain polymer PTFE proved to be the best tribological agent for sliding wear applications. The tribological response has been studied using wear volume loss and specific wear rate. It is observed that addition of PTFE in to the blend deteriorates the volumetric loss of blend composites. The specific wear rate increases with increase in sliding velocity. The plastic deformation due to higher sliding velocity is most severe on wear volume loss. The sliding velocity is most sensitive tribological response than sliding load. It is observed that solubility parameter of PTFE and formation of polymer transfer film on the steel counter face defines the wear volume loss. The SEM images show that severe plastic deformation and matrix melting were the failure mechanisms.

Research paper thumbnail of Hybridization effect of fibers on mechanical properties of PA66/PP blend-based thermoplastic composites

The effect of hybrid fibers on mechanical behavior of thermoplastic composites is most important ... more The effect of hybrid fibers on mechanical behavior of thermoplastic composites is most important for structural applications. This article deals with the effect of hybrid short fibers i.e., short glass fiber (SGF), short carbon fiber (SCF), and short basalt fibers (SBF) on 80/20 wt% of polyamide 66/polypropylene (PA66/PP) blend. The glass-carbon hybrid composites (CG) and glassbasalt hybrid composites (BG) were prepared by using melt mix twin screw extruder. The mechanical properties such as tensile, flexure, and impact strength of hybrid composites were studied as per ASTM methods. Further, hardness and density of hybrid composites were also discussed. The experimental results revealed that hybrid fibers effect greatly enhanced mechanical behavior of PA66/PP blend. The CG composites exhibited improvement in tensile strength by 76.7%, flexural strength by 104.12 and 20.82% reduction in elongation whereas BG composites by 77.22, 109, and 12.92% reduction in elongation, respectively. Significant enhancement in strength of composites was observed due to hybrid fibers effect. The synergistic effect between hybrid fibers and matrix helped in improving mechanical behavior. The impact strength of hybrid composites was reduced due to brittle nature of fibers. Fiber fracture, fiber pull out and fiber misalignment are some of the mechanisms observed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) photographs.

Research paper thumbnail of Hybridization Effect of Micro Fillers on Mechanical, Thermal and Morphological Behavior of PA66/PP Blend Based Hybrid Thermoplastic Composites

Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals

Research paper thumbnail of Fibridization Effect on the Mechanical Behavior of PA66/PTFE Blend Based Fibrous Composites

Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals

The use of natural fiber along with the glass fiber in polymer composites is one of the present m... more The use of natural fiber along with the glass fiber in polymer composites is one of the present material combinations for automotive industries. This article deals with the hybrid effect of 10 wt% short glass fibers (SGF) and 10 wt% short basalt fibers (SBF) on the mechanical behavior of 80 wt% PA66/20 wt% Teflon (PA66/PTFE) blend. These composite materials were prepared by melt mixing method, by using twin screw extruder followed by injection molding. The mechanical performance of the composite materials was tested as per ASTM method. The experimentally determined mechanical properties were tensile behavior, flexural behavior and impact behavior. Hardness and density of the blended composites were also studied. Experimental results revealed that the effect of hybrid short fibers on the blend greatly enhanced the mechanical behavior. Increase in tensile strength and flexural strength by 33% and 57% respectively and 6% reduction in elongation was exhibited by the blend due to the hybrid effect of fibers. The synergistic effect between the fibers and the matrix blend improved the mechanical behavior. The strain rate of the hybrid composites was deteriorated due to the hybrid effect. The enhancement of load carrying capacity by 17.35, 8.5 and 36% was exhibited by SGF, SBF and hybrid fiber filled PA66/PTFE blend composites respectively. The impact strength of the hybrid composites was reduced due to the brittle nature of the hybrid filled composites. Fiber fracture, fiber pull out and fiber misalignment were the certain mechanisms observed during mechanical performance. The fractured surfaces were analyzed through Scanning Electron Microscopy photographs.

Research paper thumbnail of Combined Effect of Micro Fillers on the Mechanical and Fracture Behavior of Polyamide 66 and Polypropylene (PA66/PP) Blend

Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals

The combinative effect of Micro fillers on the 80/20 wt% of Polyamide 66 and Polypropylene blend ... more The combinative effect of Micro fillers on the 80/20 wt% of Polyamide 66 and Polypropylene blend (PA66/PP) is studied. Three composites prepared by reinforcing micro fillers of Molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) (PA66/PP/MoS2), Silicon carbide (SiC) (PA66/PP/MoS2/SiC) and Alumina (Al2O3) (PA66/PP/MoS2/SiC/Al2O3) of, having different geometric shapes. The mechanical properties studied are tensile strength, flexural strength, impact strength including the hardness of the blend micro composites as per ASTM methods. The fracture toughness at different temperatures of the composites is studied as per ASTM. Results reveal that the combined effect of hybrid micro fillers decreases the mechanical behavior of PA66/PP blend composites. The poorest mechanical properties are obtained when SiC is incorporated into the MoS2 filled blend PA66/PP composites. The appreciable increase in the mechanical properties is noticed by the addition of Al2O3 into the hybrid filled PA66/PP blend composites. Though the effect of SiC addition to PA66/PP/MoS2 composites increases the impact strength appreciably but decreasing trend is also observed due to the hybrid effect of three fillers. But the differently shaped micro fillers exhibit a synergic effect on the tensile and flexure properties of PA66/PP based composites respectively. The density of the studied blend increases due to denser nature of micro fillers. The hardness of the blend is increased by 18 % by the addition of micro fillers as against the blend PA66/PP. The increase in fracture toughness by 188 % is exhibited by the hybrid effect of micro fillers as against the neat blend at room temperature. Among these micro composites, PA66/PP/MoS2/SiC/Al2O3 has shown superior mechanical properties when compared to individual effect of the fillers on the blend. The fractured surfaces are studied by using scanning electron microscope photographs.

Research paper thumbnail of Three Body Abrasive Wear Behaviour of Polyamide 66/ Polypropylene (PA66/PP) Thermoplastic Blends

Journal of Modern Materials, 2017

Three body abrasive wear behaviour of Polyamide 66 and Polypropylene (PA66/PP) blends in differen... more Three body abrasive wear behaviour of Polyamide 66 and Polypropylene (PA66/PP) blends in different weight percentages of 95/5, 90/10, 85/15, 80/20, 75/25 and 70/30 are investigated. The experiments were carried out as per ASTM G65 by using rubber wheel abrasion tester (RWAT). The tests were conducted for a load of 50 and 75 N at a sliding velocity of 2.5 m/s with an abrading distance of 500, 1000 and 1500 m using fine abrasive dry sand particles as third body. The experimental results revealed that the wear volume and specific wear rate are the functions of load, abrading distance and composition of blend. It was observed from the experimentation that the lower loading of PP into blend decreases the wear resistance. The effective wear resistance starts from higher loading of PP (30 wt.%) in the blend. The abrasive sand particles and their size played a major role in determining the wear characteristics of PA66/PP blends. Substantiate amount of rubber wheel wear contributes to the de...

Research paper thumbnail of Investigation on the Mechanical Behavior of Polyamide 66 / Polypropylene Blends

Polymer blending is widely used method for the modification of the polymeric materials. In this s... more Polymer blending is widely used method for the modification of the polymeric materials. In this study, the mechanical behavior of polyamide 66/polypropylene (PA66/PP) blends was investigated. The different blends of PA66/PP with varying weight percentage of PP in PA66/PP were studied. The PA66/PP blends were prepared by melt mixing using twin screw extruder followed by injection molding. The mechanical properties of blends such as tensile strength, flexural strength, impact strength, and hardness were studied as per ASTM standards. It was observed that 95/5 wt.% of PA66/PP has good tensile strength (61.5 N mm), flexural strength (94 N mm), and impact strength (115 J m). The same mechanical properties were observed in decreasing trend for the different proportions of PP in steps of 5 wt.% except the impact strength of the blend. The impact strength of the blend decreased to a value of 57 J m for 85/15 wt.% of PA66/PP, after further progressive addition of PP, the strength increased. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of SGF and SCF on Physical and Mechanical Properties of PA66/PP Blend composites

This article depicts the mechanical and physical characterization of short glass fiber and short ... more This article depicts the mechanical and physical characterization of short glass fiber and short carbon fibers reinforced polyamide66 and polypropylene blend composites. Test were done on four different composites with 0wt%, 10wt% SGF, 10wt% SCF and Hybrid (10wt% SGF+10wt%SCF).Physical and mechanical properties were evaluated. It is found that fiber reinforcement improves both physical and mechanical properties. The density and void concentration greatly influenced by the content of the fibers. Water absorption decreased on reinforcement with glass fibers. Tensile flexural hardness, impact properties were also improved on reinforcement with fibers. KeywordsShort glass fiber, Short carbon fiber, Polyamide 66, Polypropylene, Polymer blend ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Research paper thumbnail of A vision system to guide visually challenged to pick up ingredients from rack

Rapid technological advancements provides a plenty of products to help visually impaired people. ... more Rapid technological advancements provides a plenty of products to help visually impaired people. In this work we propose a Vision system to guide visually challenged to pick up ingredients from rack, which aids a visually impaired to identify an object in self and guide them towards the object with an audio feedback system. Our system which acts as a personal helping hand for the user thus reducing the visually impaired user’s reliance on other people, especially with strangers when in a new environment. The proposed system implemented in three steps. First, Identification of self and detecting object present on self. Followed by in second step, Calibration of self, it calibrates user to an accessible distance from the shelf and to center of the frame. Finally, it guides user towards the recognized object with an audio feedback system. This approach is tested in an ideal environment with varied illumination and we used a shelf with three containers. © 2017, Institute of Advanced Scientific Research, Inc. All rights reserved.

Research paper thumbnail of Mechanical Characterization of Hybrid Thermoplastic Composites of Short Carbon Fibers and PA 66 / PP

The hybrid effect of fibers on the mechanical behavior of thermoplastic composites is the most im... more The hybrid effect of fibers on the mechanical behavior of thermoplastic composites is the most important for structural applications. This article deals with the individual and hybrid effect of 10 wt. % short glass fibers and 10 wt. % short carbon fibers on the mechanical behavior of 80/20 wt. % PA66/PP blend. These composites are produced by melt mixing method using twin screw extruder followed by the injection molding. The mechanical properties such as tensile, flexure, and impact behavior of the composites are studied as per ASTM method. Further, the hardness and density of the composites were also discussed. Experimental results revealed that the reinforcement of hybrid short fibers into the blend greatly enhanced mechanical behavior of PA66/PP composites. Increase in tensile strength by 77%, 104% flexural strength, and 20.8% reduction in elongation was exhibited by the blend due to the hybrid effect of fibers. Significant improvement in strength of the composites was observed d...

Research paper thumbnail of Three Body Abrasive Wear Behavior of Glass-Basalt PA66/PTFE Hybrid Composites in Multi pass Condition

Tribology in Industry, Sep 15, 2019

The three body abrasive wear (3-BAW) of Glass-Basalt hybrid composites is studied. The PA66/PTFE ... more The three body abrasive wear (3-BAW) of Glass-Basalt hybrid composites is studied. The PA66/PTFE blend(80/20 wt.%), Blend/Short glass fiber(SGF), Blend/Short Basalt fiber(SBF),Blend/10 wt.% SGF/10 wt.% SBF (GB) were the composites selected for the investigation. These composites were fabricated using twin screw extrusion and then subjected to injection molding. The experimentation has been carried out for different load (20 and 30 N) with varying distance through constant velocity (2.5 m/s) as per ASTM G65 method. It is revealed from the experimentation that the fiber filled composites exhibited better abrasion resistance. The hardness of composites, abrasion resistance of fibers and binding energy between the blend associates were found to resist the failure of composites in three body abrasion. Further, the Glass-Basalt composites (GB) exhibits good wear resistance because of their excellent Ratner-Lancaster factor (σε). It is observed that the high crystallanity of GB hybrid composites has supported the abrasion resistance. The hardness ratio between the rubber wheel and the composites is quite greater than unity. On the other hand, plastic deformation, fiber pull out and agglomeration of sand particles along with wear debris were some of the observations made during morphology of hybrid composites through SEM pictures.

Research paper thumbnail of Investigation on the Effect of Grit size on Two Body Abrasive Wear Behavior of Polyamide66/Polypropylene (PA66/PP) blends

Materials Today: Proceedings

Abstract The effect of grit size on two body abrasive wear behaviour of Polyamide66 and Polypropy... more Abstract The effect of grit size on two body abrasive wear behaviour of Polyamide66 and Polypropylene (PA66/PP) blends of 95/5, 90/10, 85/15, 80/20, 75/25 and 70/30 wt.% are investigated as per ASTM G99 by using pin on disc machine. The test were conducted for a load of 10N at a velocity of 1 m/s using abrasive SiC paper (180, 320 and 600 grit) in multi pass condition. The results revealed that the wear volume and specific wear rate are the function of abrading distance, grit size and composite blend. For a load of 10N and 180 grit with 5wt.% of PP, there was an increase in the wear volume of 86.6% against 300% increase in abrading distance. For 30wt.% PP in blend results in 18.12 mm 3 of wear volume for minimum distance and 38.5 mm 3 for maximum distance which is 112% increase for the same tested condition. More volume of material loss is due to the coarse grain size of 180 grit SiC paper. In addition, inclusions of PP into the blend results in poor wear resistance. But the average wear resistance was obtained for 80/20 wt.% PA66/PP blend. The wear volume loss occurred up to 25 wt.% of PP in the blend. Further increase of PP in blend decreased the wear volume loss. Similar observations were made for 320 and 600 grit size also. The experimental response of the study follows linear trend for all the grits. Micro cutting, deep abrasion and micro ploughing are the major mechanisms observed during the test. The worn surfaces are demonstrated by using Scanning Electron Microscope photographs (SEM).

Research paper thumbnail of Impact of sliding load and velocity on tribological response of PTFE filled polyamide 66 and polyamide 6(PA66/PA6) blend thermoplastic composites

PROCEEDINGS OF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCES IN MATERIALS RESEARCH (ICAMR - 2019)

The effect of sliding load and velocity on sliding wear behavior of PTFE filled PA66/PA6 blend th... more The effect of sliding load and velocity on sliding wear behavior of PTFE filled PA66/PA6 blend thermoplastic composites is studied. The blend PA66/PA6 in 80/20 wt. % was selected as the base material and 10 wt. % PTFE as filler for the composites. These thermoplastic composites were produced by melt mix method using extrusion technique followed by injection molding. ASTM G99 method has been adopted to study the sliding wear behavior under the influence of different loads (25, 50, 75 and 100 N) and velocities (0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 m/s). The results revealed that the straight chain polymer PTFE proved to be the best tribological agent for sliding wear applications. The tribological response has been studied using wear volume loss and specific wear rate. It is observed that addition of PTFE in to the blend deteriorates the volumetric loss of blend composites. The specific wear rate increases with increase in sliding velocity. The plastic deformation due to higher sliding velocity is most severe on wear volume loss. The sliding velocity is most sensitive tribological response than sliding load. It is observed that solubility parameter of PTFE and formation of polymer transfer film on the steel counter face defines the wear volume loss. The SEM images show that severe plastic deformation and matrix melting were the failure mechanisms.

Research paper thumbnail of Hybridization effect of fibers on mechanical properties of PA66/PP blend-based thermoplastic composites

The effect of hybrid fibers on mechanical behavior of thermoplastic composites is most important ... more The effect of hybrid fibers on mechanical behavior of thermoplastic composites is most important for structural applications. This article deals with the effect of hybrid short fibers i.e., short glass fiber (SGF), short carbon fiber (SCF), and short basalt fibers (SBF) on 80/20 wt% of polyamide 66/polypropylene (PA66/PP) blend. The glass-carbon hybrid composites (CG) and glassbasalt hybrid composites (BG) were prepared by using melt mix twin screw extruder. The mechanical properties such as tensile, flexure, and impact strength of hybrid composites were studied as per ASTM methods. Further, hardness and density of hybrid composites were also discussed. The experimental results revealed that hybrid fibers effect greatly enhanced mechanical behavior of PA66/PP blend. The CG composites exhibited improvement in tensile strength by 76.7%, flexural strength by 104.12 and 20.82% reduction in elongation whereas BG composites by 77.22, 109, and 12.92% reduction in elongation, respectively. Significant enhancement in strength of composites was observed due to hybrid fibers effect. The synergistic effect between hybrid fibers and matrix helped in improving mechanical behavior. The impact strength of hybrid composites was reduced due to brittle nature of fibers. Fiber fracture, fiber pull out and fiber misalignment are some of the mechanisms observed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) photographs.

Research paper thumbnail of Hybridization Effect of Micro Fillers on Mechanical, Thermal and Morphological Behavior of PA66/PP Blend Based Hybrid Thermoplastic Composites

Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals

Research paper thumbnail of Fibridization Effect on the Mechanical Behavior of PA66/PTFE Blend Based Fibrous Composites

Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals

The use of natural fiber along with the glass fiber in polymer composites is one of the present m... more The use of natural fiber along with the glass fiber in polymer composites is one of the present material combinations for automotive industries. This article deals with the hybrid effect of 10 wt% short glass fibers (SGF) and 10 wt% short basalt fibers (SBF) on the mechanical behavior of 80 wt% PA66/20 wt% Teflon (PA66/PTFE) blend. These composite materials were prepared by melt mixing method, by using twin screw extruder followed by injection molding. The mechanical performance of the composite materials was tested as per ASTM method. The experimentally determined mechanical properties were tensile behavior, flexural behavior and impact behavior. Hardness and density of the blended composites were also studied. Experimental results revealed that the effect of hybrid short fibers on the blend greatly enhanced the mechanical behavior. Increase in tensile strength and flexural strength by 33% and 57% respectively and 6% reduction in elongation was exhibited by the blend due to the hybrid effect of fibers. The synergistic effect between the fibers and the matrix blend improved the mechanical behavior. The strain rate of the hybrid composites was deteriorated due to the hybrid effect. The enhancement of load carrying capacity by 17.35, 8.5 and 36% was exhibited by SGF, SBF and hybrid fiber filled PA66/PTFE blend composites respectively. The impact strength of the hybrid composites was reduced due to the brittle nature of the hybrid filled composites. Fiber fracture, fiber pull out and fiber misalignment were the certain mechanisms observed during mechanical performance. The fractured surfaces were analyzed through Scanning Electron Microscopy photographs.

Research paper thumbnail of Combined Effect of Micro Fillers on the Mechanical and Fracture Behavior of Polyamide 66 and Polypropylene (PA66/PP) Blend

Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals

The combinative effect of Micro fillers on the 80/20 wt% of Polyamide 66 and Polypropylene blend ... more The combinative effect of Micro fillers on the 80/20 wt% of Polyamide 66 and Polypropylene blend (PA66/PP) is studied. Three composites prepared by reinforcing micro fillers of Molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) (PA66/PP/MoS2), Silicon carbide (SiC) (PA66/PP/MoS2/SiC) and Alumina (Al2O3) (PA66/PP/MoS2/SiC/Al2O3) of, having different geometric shapes. The mechanical properties studied are tensile strength, flexural strength, impact strength including the hardness of the blend micro composites as per ASTM methods. The fracture toughness at different temperatures of the composites is studied as per ASTM. Results reveal that the combined effect of hybrid micro fillers decreases the mechanical behavior of PA66/PP blend composites. The poorest mechanical properties are obtained when SiC is incorporated into the MoS2 filled blend PA66/PP composites. The appreciable increase in the mechanical properties is noticed by the addition of Al2O3 into the hybrid filled PA66/PP blend composites. Though the effect of SiC addition to PA66/PP/MoS2 composites increases the impact strength appreciably but decreasing trend is also observed due to the hybrid effect of three fillers. But the differently shaped micro fillers exhibit a synergic effect on the tensile and flexure properties of PA66/PP based composites respectively. The density of the studied blend increases due to denser nature of micro fillers. The hardness of the blend is increased by 18 % by the addition of micro fillers as against the blend PA66/PP. The increase in fracture toughness by 188 % is exhibited by the hybrid effect of micro fillers as against the neat blend at room temperature. Among these micro composites, PA66/PP/MoS2/SiC/Al2O3 has shown superior mechanical properties when compared to individual effect of the fillers on the blend. The fractured surfaces are studied by using scanning electron microscope photographs.

Research paper thumbnail of Three Body Abrasive Wear Behaviour of Polyamide 66/ Polypropylene (PA66/PP) Thermoplastic Blends

Journal of Modern Materials, 2017

Three body abrasive wear behaviour of Polyamide 66 and Polypropylene (PA66/PP) blends in differen... more Three body abrasive wear behaviour of Polyamide 66 and Polypropylene (PA66/PP) blends in different weight percentages of 95/5, 90/10, 85/15, 80/20, 75/25 and 70/30 are investigated. The experiments were carried out as per ASTM G65 by using rubber wheel abrasion tester (RWAT). The tests were conducted for a load of 50 and 75 N at a sliding velocity of 2.5 m/s with an abrading distance of 500, 1000 and 1500 m using fine abrasive dry sand particles as third body. The experimental results revealed that the wear volume and specific wear rate are the functions of load, abrading distance and composition of blend. It was observed from the experimentation that the lower loading of PP into blend decreases the wear resistance. The effective wear resistance starts from higher loading of PP (30 wt.%) in the blend. The abrasive sand particles and their size played a major role in determining the wear characteristics of PA66/PP blends. Substantiate amount of rubber wheel wear contributes to the de...