Martin Senftleben | Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (original) (raw)

Uploads

Papers by Martin Senftleben

Research paper thumbnail of Les exceptions au regard du triple test

La relation entre les exceptions au droit d'auteur et le triple test est un sujet délicat qui prê... more La relation entre les exceptions au droit d'auteur et le triple test est un sujet délicat qui prête à discussion. Est-ce que le triple test constitue un instrument pour exercer un contrôle additionnel sur les exceptions ? Un instrument qui doit nécessairement être interprété strictement afin d'empêcher les exceptions de miner les droits exclusifs de l'industrie culturelle ? Ou serait-il préférable de changer l'interprétation et l'application du triple test pour faciliter l'innovation socioculturelle et économique dans l'environnement numérique ?

Research paper thumbnail of Trademark Transactions in Eu Law: Refining the Approach to Selective Distribution Networks and National Unfair Competition Law

The Law and Practice of Trademark Transactions, 2000

Research paper thumbnail of Das Verhaltnis des Urheberrechts zum Vertragsrecht - Grenzen des Vertragsrechts durch Intellectual Property Law

Research paper thumbnail of Towards a Horizontal Standard for Limiting Intellectual Property Rights? WTO Panel Reports Shed Light on the Three-Step Test in Copyright Law and Related Tests in Patent and Trademark Law

On March 17, 2000, a WTO panel presented its report on patent protection of pharmaceutical produc... more On March 17, 2000, a WTO panel presented its report on patent protection of pharmaceutical products in Canada. Three months later, on June 15, 2000, another WTO panel tabled a report on Section 110(5) of the US Copyright Act. Twin reports concerning EC protection of trademarks and geographical indications for agricultural products and foodstuffs followed on March 15, 2005. In all these reports, the panels embarked on a detailed interpretative analysis of provisions which set forth abstract criteria for limiting intellectual property rights. The origin of this family of corresponding provisions can be traced back to the so-called “three-step test” laid down in Art. 9(2) BC. After its introduction at the 1967 Stockholm Conference for the Revision of the Berne Convention, the three-step test not only has become widespread in copyright law but also entered other fields – in more or less identical shape. The propelling force bringing about the gradual interspersion of international intel...

Research paper thumbnail of Internet Search Results – A Permissible Quotation?

EU copyright law allows the exemption of quotations for purposes “such as” criticism or review. I... more EU copyright law allows the exemption of quotations for purposes “such as” criticism or review. Is the right of quotation thus confined to use that contains a comment on the original work? Or may it be understood in a more flexible sense, encompassing references that are the result of an automated process of data collection, such as the results generated by Internet search engines? While search engine cases in France, Germany and Spain could only be solved by inventing around the national system of exceptions, Dutch courts seem capable of bringing search results within the scope of the right of quotation. Against this background, the question arises whether the Dutch approach constitutes a consistent adaptation of the quotation right to the digital environment that can serve as a model for other countries. To answer this question, the evolution of the flexible interpretation in the Netherlands will be described before placing this development in the broader context of EU copyright l...

Research paper thumbnail of Der kulturelle Imperativ des Urheberrechts

Tagungsband des Dritten Heidelberger Kunstrechtstags am 09. und 10. Oktober 2009, 2010

Research paper thumbnail of Privates digitales Kopieren im Spiegeldes Dreistufentests Genügt die deutsche Regelung zur Privatkopie den Vorgaben des internationalen Rechts?

Computer Und Recht Forum Fur Die Praxis Des Rechts Der Datenverargeitung Information Und Automation, 2003

Research paper thumbnail of Trademark law and the public domain

Access to Information and Knowledge, 2013

Research paper thumbnail of Comparative approaches to fair use: An important impulse for reforms in EU copyright law

Methods and Perspectives in Intellectual Property, 2013

Research paper thumbnail of Bridging the Differences between Copyright's Legal Traditions–The Emerging EC Fair Use Doctrine

Journal of the Copyright Society of the USA, 2010

In the current online environment, more flexibility in the field of copyright limitations is a le... more In the current online environment, more flexibility in the field of copyright limitations is a legislative necessity rather than a mere regulatory option. From a social and cultural perspective, the Web 2.0, with its advanced search engine services, interactive platforms and various forms of user-generated content, is central to the promotion and enhancement of freedom of expression and information. From an economic perspective, it creates a parallel universe of traditional content providers relying on copyright protection, and emerging Internet industries whose further development depends on robust copyright limitations. In particular, the newcomers in the online market -social networking sites, video forums and virtual worlds -promise a remarkable potential for economic growth that have already attracted the attention of the OECD. 1

Research paper thumbnail of Adapting EU trademark law to new technologies: back to basics?

Constructing European Intellectual Property, 2013

Research paper thumbnail of Free signs and free use: How to offer room for freedom of expression within the trademark system

Research Handbook on Human Rights and Intellectual Property, 2000

Research paper thumbnail of Bridging the Differences between Copyright's Legal Traditions – The Emerging EC Fair Use Doctrine

In the current online environment, more flexibility in the field of copyright limitations is a le... more In the current online environment, more flexibility in the field of copyright limitations is a legislative necessity rather than a mere regulatory option. From a social and cultural perspective, the Web 2.0, with its advanced search engine services, interactive platforms and various forms of user-generated content, is central to the promotion and enhancement of freedom of expression and information. From an economic perspective, it creates a parallel universe of traditional content providers relying on copyright protection, and emerging Internet industries whose further development depends on robust copyright limitations. In particular, the newcomers in the online market -social networking sites, video forums and virtual worlds -promise a remarkable potential for economic growth that have already attracted the attention of the OECD. 1

Research paper thumbnail of The International Three-Step Test: A Model Provision for EC Fair Use Legislation

Research paper thumbnail of Adapting EU Trademark Law to New Technologies - Back to Basics?

Research paper thumbnail of How to Overcome the Normal Exploitation Obstacle: Opt-Out Formalities, Embargo Periods and the International Three-Step Test

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2000

Research paper thumbnail of Copyright and Creators' Interests Rights and Remuneration in the Light of Bourdieu's Analysis of the Field of Literary and Artistic Production

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2000

Research paper thumbnail of An Uneasy Case for Notice and Takedown: Context-Specific Trademark Rights

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2000

2

Research paper thumbnail of Function Theory and International Exhaustion Why it is Wise to Confine the Double Identity Rule to Cases Affecting the Origin Function

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2000

In the current debate on the amendment of EU trademark legislation, the European Commission propo... more In the current debate on the amendment of EU trademark legislation, the European Commission proposed to confine the so-called "double identity" rule -regulating protection against the use of identical signs for identical goods or services -to cases affecting the origin function. This proposal has been criticized for various reasons. A closer analysis shows, however, that by putting an end to the unpredictable and inconsistent function theory developed by the CJEU, it would substantially enhance legal certainty for both trademark owners and users. Moreover, it would avoid imbalanced protection of a trademark's goodwill functions outside the specific system of anti-dilution protection for marks with a reputation. Against this background, the counterarguments do not have much weight. In particular, the proposal is unlikely to lead to a system of international exhaustion in the EU.

Research paper thumbnail of Breathing Space for Cloud-Based Business Models – Exploring the Matrix of Copyright Limitations, Safe Harbours and Injunctions

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2000

Research paper thumbnail of Les exceptions au regard du triple test

La relation entre les exceptions au droit d'auteur et le triple test est un sujet délicat qui prê... more La relation entre les exceptions au droit d'auteur et le triple test est un sujet délicat qui prête à discussion. Est-ce que le triple test constitue un instrument pour exercer un contrôle additionnel sur les exceptions ? Un instrument qui doit nécessairement être interprété strictement afin d'empêcher les exceptions de miner les droits exclusifs de l'industrie culturelle ? Ou serait-il préférable de changer l'interprétation et l'application du triple test pour faciliter l'innovation socioculturelle et économique dans l'environnement numérique ?

Research paper thumbnail of Trademark Transactions in Eu Law: Refining the Approach to Selective Distribution Networks and National Unfair Competition Law

The Law and Practice of Trademark Transactions, 2000

Research paper thumbnail of Das Verhaltnis des Urheberrechts zum Vertragsrecht - Grenzen des Vertragsrechts durch Intellectual Property Law

Research paper thumbnail of Towards a Horizontal Standard for Limiting Intellectual Property Rights? WTO Panel Reports Shed Light on the Three-Step Test in Copyright Law and Related Tests in Patent and Trademark Law

On March 17, 2000, a WTO panel presented its report on patent protection of pharmaceutical produc... more On March 17, 2000, a WTO panel presented its report on patent protection of pharmaceutical products in Canada. Three months later, on June 15, 2000, another WTO panel tabled a report on Section 110(5) of the US Copyright Act. Twin reports concerning EC protection of trademarks and geographical indications for agricultural products and foodstuffs followed on March 15, 2005. In all these reports, the panels embarked on a detailed interpretative analysis of provisions which set forth abstract criteria for limiting intellectual property rights. The origin of this family of corresponding provisions can be traced back to the so-called “three-step test” laid down in Art. 9(2) BC. After its introduction at the 1967 Stockholm Conference for the Revision of the Berne Convention, the three-step test not only has become widespread in copyright law but also entered other fields – in more or less identical shape. The propelling force bringing about the gradual interspersion of international intel...

Research paper thumbnail of Internet Search Results – A Permissible Quotation?

EU copyright law allows the exemption of quotations for purposes “such as” criticism or review. I... more EU copyright law allows the exemption of quotations for purposes “such as” criticism or review. Is the right of quotation thus confined to use that contains a comment on the original work? Or may it be understood in a more flexible sense, encompassing references that are the result of an automated process of data collection, such as the results generated by Internet search engines? While search engine cases in France, Germany and Spain could only be solved by inventing around the national system of exceptions, Dutch courts seem capable of bringing search results within the scope of the right of quotation. Against this background, the question arises whether the Dutch approach constitutes a consistent adaptation of the quotation right to the digital environment that can serve as a model for other countries. To answer this question, the evolution of the flexible interpretation in the Netherlands will be described before placing this development in the broader context of EU copyright l...

Research paper thumbnail of Der kulturelle Imperativ des Urheberrechts

Tagungsband des Dritten Heidelberger Kunstrechtstags am 09. und 10. Oktober 2009, 2010

Research paper thumbnail of Privates digitales Kopieren im Spiegeldes Dreistufentests Genügt die deutsche Regelung zur Privatkopie den Vorgaben des internationalen Rechts?

Computer Und Recht Forum Fur Die Praxis Des Rechts Der Datenverargeitung Information Und Automation, 2003

Research paper thumbnail of Trademark law and the public domain

Access to Information and Knowledge, 2013

Research paper thumbnail of Comparative approaches to fair use: An important impulse for reforms in EU copyright law

Methods and Perspectives in Intellectual Property, 2013

Research paper thumbnail of Bridging the Differences between Copyright's Legal Traditions–The Emerging EC Fair Use Doctrine

Journal of the Copyright Society of the USA, 2010

In the current online environment, more flexibility in the field of copyright limitations is a le... more In the current online environment, more flexibility in the field of copyright limitations is a legislative necessity rather than a mere regulatory option. From a social and cultural perspective, the Web 2.0, with its advanced search engine services, interactive platforms and various forms of user-generated content, is central to the promotion and enhancement of freedom of expression and information. From an economic perspective, it creates a parallel universe of traditional content providers relying on copyright protection, and emerging Internet industries whose further development depends on robust copyright limitations. In particular, the newcomers in the online market -social networking sites, video forums and virtual worlds -promise a remarkable potential for economic growth that have already attracted the attention of the OECD. 1

Research paper thumbnail of Adapting EU trademark law to new technologies: back to basics?

Constructing European Intellectual Property, 2013

Research paper thumbnail of Free signs and free use: How to offer room for freedom of expression within the trademark system

Research Handbook on Human Rights and Intellectual Property, 2000

Research paper thumbnail of Bridging the Differences between Copyright's Legal Traditions – The Emerging EC Fair Use Doctrine

In the current online environment, more flexibility in the field of copyright limitations is a le... more In the current online environment, more flexibility in the field of copyright limitations is a legislative necessity rather than a mere regulatory option. From a social and cultural perspective, the Web 2.0, with its advanced search engine services, interactive platforms and various forms of user-generated content, is central to the promotion and enhancement of freedom of expression and information. From an economic perspective, it creates a parallel universe of traditional content providers relying on copyright protection, and emerging Internet industries whose further development depends on robust copyright limitations. In particular, the newcomers in the online market -social networking sites, video forums and virtual worlds -promise a remarkable potential for economic growth that have already attracted the attention of the OECD. 1

Research paper thumbnail of The International Three-Step Test: A Model Provision for EC Fair Use Legislation

Research paper thumbnail of Adapting EU Trademark Law to New Technologies - Back to Basics?

Research paper thumbnail of How to Overcome the Normal Exploitation Obstacle: Opt-Out Formalities, Embargo Periods and the International Three-Step Test

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2000

Research paper thumbnail of Copyright and Creators' Interests Rights and Remuneration in the Light of Bourdieu's Analysis of the Field of Literary and Artistic Production

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2000

Research paper thumbnail of An Uneasy Case for Notice and Takedown: Context-Specific Trademark Rights

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2000

2

Research paper thumbnail of Function Theory and International Exhaustion Why it is Wise to Confine the Double Identity Rule to Cases Affecting the Origin Function

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2000

In the current debate on the amendment of EU trademark legislation, the European Commission propo... more In the current debate on the amendment of EU trademark legislation, the European Commission proposed to confine the so-called "double identity" rule -regulating protection against the use of identical signs for identical goods or services -to cases affecting the origin function. This proposal has been criticized for various reasons. A closer analysis shows, however, that by putting an end to the unpredictable and inconsistent function theory developed by the CJEU, it would substantially enhance legal certainty for both trademark owners and users. Moreover, it would avoid imbalanced protection of a trademark's goodwill functions outside the specific system of anti-dilution protection for marks with a reputation. Against this background, the counterarguments do not have much weight. In particular, the proposal is unlikely to lead to a system of international exhaustion in the EU.

Research paper thumbnail of Breathing Space for Cloud-Based Business Models – Exploring the Matrix of Copyright Limitations, Safe Harbours and Injunctions

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2000