Gerard Kennedy | Victoria University (original) (raw)

Papers by Gerard Kennedy

Biological Rhythm Research, 2010

Physiology & Behavior, 2009

Endocrine responses to fluid deprivation/restoration and preference for ethanol solution vs. wate... more Endocrine responses to fluid deprivation/restoration and preference for ethanol solution vs. water were assessed in sheep maintained for 5 months on a 10% ethanol solution as their sole source of fluid. Blood pressure, body weight, plasma composition and hormone levels of the alcohol maintained sheep were all within a normal range, except for high plasma concentrations of ANG II and ALDO. During fluid deprivation, AVP concentration increased and fluid-deprived sheep displayed a natriuresis and then a rehydration anti-natriuresis. Sheep did not drink the 10% ethanol solution avidly upon fluid restoration, preferring to drink steadily over the following 24 h; there was an associated increase in blood alcohol concentration (BAC). PRC, ANG II and ALDO all increased throughout the fluid restoration period, whereas plasma AVP and ANP gradually fell. In a separate experiment when water was also supplied to the sheep, they preferred water to 10% ethanol; however, alcohol intake was not eliminated. Overall, this degree of chronic consumption of 10% ethanol solution did not appear to adversely affect physiological mechanisms concerned with body fluid homeostasis after fluid deprivation conditions.

The books in this collection are devoted to challenging and open problems at the forefront of mod... more The books in this collection are devoted to challenging and open problems at the forefront of modern science, including related philosophical debates. In contrast to typical research monographs, however, they strive to present their topics in a manner accessible also to scientifically literate non-specialists wishing to gain insight into the deeper implications and fascinating questions involved. Taken as a whole, the series reflects the need for a fundamental and interdisciplinary approach to modern science. Furthermore, it is intended to encourage active scientists in all areas to ponder over important and perhaps controversial issues beyond their own speciality. Extending from quantum physics and relativity to entropy, consciousness and complex systems -the Frontiers Collection will inspire readers to push back the frontiers of their own knowledge.

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 2003

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Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 2005

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Brain Imaging and Behavior, 2011

Sleep loss, widespread in today's society and associated with a number of clinical conditions, ha... more Sleep loss, widespread in today's society and associated with a number of clinical conditions, has a detrimental effect on a variety of cognitive domains including attention. This study examined the sequelae of sleep deprivation upon BOLD fMRI activation during divided attention. Twelve healthy males completed two randomized sessions; one after 27 h of sleep deprivation and one after a normal night of sleep. During each session, BOLD fMRI was measured while subjects completed a cross-modal divided attention task (visual and auditory). After normal sleep, increased BOLD activation was observed bilaterally in the superior frontal gyrus and the inferior parietal lobe during divided attention performance. Subjects reported feeling significantly more sleepy in the sleep deprivation session, and there was a trend towards poorer divided attention task performance. Sleep deprivation led to a down regulation of activation in the left superior frontal gyrus, possibly reflecting an attenuation of top-down control mechanisms on the attentional system. These findings have implications for understanding the neural correlates of divided attention and the neurofunctional changes that occur in individuals who are sleep deprived.

Behavioural Brain Research, 2008

Like enucleation, lateral hypothalamic (LH) lesions sever the connection between the retina and t... more Like enucleation, lateral hypothalamic (LH) lesions sever the connection between the retina and the pineal thereby simulating ambient exposure to constant darkness. While LH lesions have been employed to study either circadian function or Parkinson's disease (PD) independently, the application of such lesions to study circadian involvement specifically in this disease has never been attempted. In the present study, unilateral lesions of the LH, which compromise nigro-striatal dopamine (NSD) function, were combined with enucleation ipsilateral or contralateral to the hemisphere where 6-hydroxydopamine was applied. In addition to the observation that hemi-enucleation produced patterns of motor function that were grossly atypical compared to visually intact rats, hemi-enucleation ipsilateral to the side of NSD system denervation produced impairment of horizontal movement, limb retraction, ambulation and spontaneous or l-dopa induced turning. This impairment was more severe than that seen in rats with unilateral 6-OHDA lesions alone. Furthermore, hemi-enucleation contralateral to the side of unilateral NSD system denervation resulted in significantly improved performance on several parameters. While the rate of mortality in rats receiving unilateral 6-OHDA plus ipsilateral enucleation was similar to that occurring after bilateral lesions, it was not accompanied by severe weight loss and wasting that typically occurs in the acute stages of experimental PD. These results demonstrate the importance of the visual and circadian systems in PD and are consistent with reports that identify impaired circadian involvement as a major component in a wide range of neurological and neuropsychiatric conditions.

Journal of Biological Rhythms, 1996

Page 1. http://jbr.sagepub.com/ Journal of Biological Rhythms http://jbr.sagepub.com/ content/11/... more Page 1. http://jbr.sagepub.com/ Journal of Biological Rhythms http://jbr.sagepub.com/ content/11/3/188 The online version of this article can be found at: DOI: 10.1177/074873049601100301 1996 11: 188 J Biol Rhythms Gerard ...

Wildlife Research, 1997

A journal for the publication of original scientific research in the biology and management of wi... more A journal for the publication of original scientific research in the biology and management of wild native or feral introduced vertebrates ... All enquiries and manuscripts should be directed to Wildlife Research CSIRO PUBLISHING PO Box 1139 (150 Oxford St) Collingwood ...

Human Psychopharmacology-clinical and Experimental, 2005

The aim of this study was to determine whether wrist actigraphy could be used to assess the dayti... more The aim of this study was to determine whether wrist actigraphy could be used to assess the daytime effects of stimulant medication treatment in narcolepsy. Nine subjects with narcolepsy/cataplexy (medicated and unmedicated) were compared with matched control subjects.

Chronobiology International, 1995

Page 1. Chronobiology International Vol. 12.No.3.pp.176-187 0 1995 lntemational Society of Chrono... more Page 1. Chronobiology International Vol. 12.No.3.pp.176-187 0 1995 lntemational Society of Chronobiology Entrainment of Circadian Wheel-Running Rhythms of the Northern Brown Bandicoot, Isoodon macrourus, by Daily Restricted Feeding Schedules ...

Journal of Comparative Physiology A-neuroethology Sensory Neural and Behavioral Physiology, 1990

Page 1. J Comp Physiol A (1990) 166: 607-618 Journal of and Ph,/siolowj A 9 Springer-Verlag 1990 ... more Page 1. J Comp Physiol A (1990) 166: 607-618 Journal of and Ph,/siolowj A 9 Springer-Verlag 1990 The effect of restricted feeding on the wheel-running activity rhythms of the predatory marsupial Dasyurus rirerrinus Gerard ...