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Papers by Colin Orton

Research paper thumbnail of Controversies in Medical Physics: a Compendium of Point/Counterpoint Debates Volume 2 Edited by

No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permissio... more No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission from the publisher, except for brief quotations embodied in critical articles or reviews.

Research paper thumbnail of Changes and demands in the higher education sector are increasingly making advanced degree medical physics programs non-viable and the profession will have to develop a new model for delivering such education

Medical physics, 2017

At universities, advanced degree programs in Medical Physics tend to have relatively few students... more At universities, advanced degree programs in Medical Physics tend to have relatively few students compared to, for example, programs in other Physics sub-specialties. This tends to make them relatively more expensive to operate and, since universities are always looking for ways to reduce costs, there is some concern that such programs will cease to be affordable and other ways to educate medical physicists should be developed. This is the premise debated in this month's Point/Counterpoint. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Research paper thumbnail of Subjects such as strategic planning, extra-disciplinary communication, and management have become crucial to medical physics clinical practice and should become an integral part of the medical physics curriculum

Research paper thumbnail of Only a therapist should operate an HDR unit for patient treatments

Medical Physics, 2015

A high dose rate (HDR) unit delivers high doses of radiation to patients in a short time, much li... more A high dose rate (HDR) unit delivers high doses of radiation to patients in a short time, much like linear accelerators. Since it is a regulatory requirement that qualified therapists operate linacs for patient treatments, some believe that the same should apply for HDR treatments. This is the premise debated in this month's Point/Counterpoint.

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of treatment plans using target and normal tissue DVHs is no longer appropriate

Research paper thumbnail of Point/Counterpoint. Noncoplanar beams improve dosimetry quality for extracranial intensity modulated radiotherapy and should be used more extensively

Research paper thumbnail of In addition to the current byproduct materials, it is important that the Nuclear Regulatory Commission take over regulation of naturally occurring and accelerator-produced radioactive materials

Research paper thumbnail of The future h-index is an excellent way to predict scientists' future impact

Research paper thumbnail of We do not need randomized clinical trials to demonstrate the superiority of proton therapy

Research paper thumbnail of In the era of IGRT and small- and focal-field external beam radiotherapy, brachytherapy is a dying modality

Medical physics, Jan 29, 2016

The use of brachytherapy has steadily declined over the past decade, at least in the United State... more The use of brachytherapy has steadily declined over the past decade, at least in the United States. Much of this is possibly due to significant technological advances in external-beam radiotherapy, whereby higher doses can be delivered with smaller margins, significantly mimicking highly conformal brachytherapy. Some are even claiming that in this era of Image Guided Radiation Therapy (IGRT) and small-and focal-field external beam radiotherapy, brachytherapy is a dying modality. This is the premise debated in this month's Point/Counterpoint.

Research paper thumbnail of The Role of a Physicist in Radiation Oncology

Research paper thumbnail of Calibration of radiotherapy ionization chambers using Co-60 is outdated and should be replaced by direct calibration in linear accelerator beams

Research paper thumbnail of Molecular breast imaging will soon replace x-ray mammography as the imaging modality of choice for women at high risk with dense breasts

Research paper thumbnail of WE-B-304-00: Point/Counterpoint: Biological Dose Optimization

Research paper thumbnail of Point/counterpoint. "Hybrid gold" is the most appropriate open-access modality for journals like Medical Physics

Medical physics, 2015

ABSTRACT The move to provide unrestricted free online access to articles published in peer-review... more ABSTRACT The move to provide unrestricted free online access to articles published in peer-reviewed journals is progressing rapidly and is believed by most to be inevitable. There are essentially three methods to provide such access known as "green," "gold," and "hybrid gold" open access (OA). With green open access, au-thors self-archive their articles immediately upon publication in an open repository, whereas with gold, the journal itself provides free immediate access online to all articles it pub-lishes. Both green and gold open access essentially make hard copy versions of journals superfluous. Thus, for journals like Medical Physics which are owned by scholarly societies (in this case the AAPM) that rely on print advertising revenue to support their activities, gold open access could jeopardize this income, leading some to propose an intermediate form of open access known as hybrid gold. With hybrid gold, authors may, if they wish, pay a fee to have their articles published free access immediately on the journal's website. That this is the most appropriate open-access modality for Medical Physics is the premise debated in this month's Point/Counterpoint.

Research paper thumbnail of Is radiation-induced ovarian failure in rhesus monkeys preventable by luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists?: Preliminary observations

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 1995

With the advent of cancer therapy, increasing numbers of cancer patients are achieving long term ... more With the advent of cancer therapy, increasing numbers of cancer patients are achieving long term survival. Impaired ovarian function after radiation therapy has been reported in several studies. Some investigators have suggested that luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists (LHRHa) can prevent radiation-induced ovarian injury in rodents. Adult female rhesus monkeys were given either vehicle or Leuprolide acetate before, during, and after radiation. Radiation was given in a dose of 200 rads/day for a total of 4000 rads to the ovaries. Frequent serum samples were assayed for estradiol (E2) and FSH. Ovariectomy was performed later. Ovaries were processed and serially sectioned. Follicle count and size distribution were determined. Shortly after radiation started, E2 dropped to low levels, at which it remained, whereas serum FSH level, which was low before radiation, rose soon after starting radiation. In monkeys treated with a combination of LHRHa and radiation, FSH started rising soon after the LHRHa-loaded minipump was removed (after the end of radiation). Serum E2 increased after the end of LHRHa treatment in the nonirradiated monkey, but not in the irradiated monkey. Follicle counts were not preserved in the LHRHa-treated monkeys that received radiation. The data demonstrated no protective effect of LHRHa treatment against radiation-induced ovarian injury in this rhesus monkey model.

Research paper thumbnail of A brief history of the AAPM: Celebrating 60 years of contributions to medical physics practice and science

Research paper thumbnail of The use of a constant RBE=1.1 for proton radiotherapy is no longer appropriate

Medical physics, 2017

It is common practice to use a Relative Biological Effectiveness (RBE) of 1.1 when planning treat... more It is common practice to use a Relative Biological Effectiveness (RBE) of 1.1 when planning treatments and analyzing outcomes for proton therapy, even though it is known that the RBE varies across the spread-out Bragg peak. Since some claim that it is now possible to estimate RBE values throughout the treated volume, however, it has been suggested that this practice is no longer appropriate. This is the premise debated in this month's Point/Counterpoint. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Research paper thumbnail of Point/counterpoint. Respiratory gating for radiation therapy is not ready for prime time

Medical Physics, Apr 1, 2007

Research paper thumbnail of Point/counterpoint. Simultaneous PET/MR will replace PET/CT as the molecular multimodality imaging platform of choice

Medical Physics, Jun 1, 2007

Research paper thumbnail of Controversies in Medical Physics: a Compendium of Point/Counterpoint Debates Volume 2 Edited by

No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permissio... more No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission from the publisher, except for brief quotations embodied in critical articles or reviews.

Research paper thumbnail of Changes and demands in the higher education sector are increasingly making advanced degree medical physics programs non-viable and the profession will have to develop a new model for delivering such education

Medical physics, 2017

At universities, advanced degree programs in Medical Physics tend to have relatively few students... more At universities, advanced degree programs in Medical Physics tend to have relatively few students compared to, for example, programs in other Physics sub-specialties. This tends to make them relatively more expensive to operate and, since universities are always looking for ways to reduce costs, there is some concern that such programs will cease to be affordable and other ways to educate medical physicists should be developed. This is the premise debated in this month's Point/Counterpoint. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Research paper thumbnail of Subjects such as strategic planning, extra-disciplinary communication, and management have become crucial to medical physics clinical practice and should become an integral part of the medical physics curriculum

Research paper thumbnail of Only a therapist should operate an HDR unit for patient treatments

Medical Physics, 2015

A high dose rate (HDR) unit delivers high doses of radiation to patients in a short time, much li... more A high dose rate (HDR) unit delivers high doses of radiation to patients in a short time, much like linear accelerators. Since it is a regulatory requirement that qualified therapists operate linacs for patient treatments, some believe that the same should apply for HDR treatments. This is the premise debated in this month's Point/Counterpoint.

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of treatment plans using target and normal tissue DVHs is no longer appropriate

Research paper thumbnail of Point/Counterpoint. Noncoplanar beams improve dosimetry quality for extracranial intensity modulated radiotherapy and should be used more extensively

Research paper thumbnail of In addition to the current byproduct materials, it is important that the Nuclear Regulatory Commission take over regulation of naturally occurring and accelerator-produced radioactive materials

Research paper thumbnail of The future h-index is an excellent way to predict scientists' future impact

Research paper thumbnail of We do not need randomized clinical trials to demonstrate the superiority of proton therapy

Research paper thumbnail of In the era of IGRT and small- and focal-field external beam radiotherapy, brachytherapy is a dying modality

Medical physics, Jan 29, 2016

The use of brachytherapy has steadily declined over the past decade, at least in the United State... more The use of brachytherapy has steadily declined over the past decade, at least in the United States. Much of this is possibly due to significant technological advances in external-beam radiotherapy, whereby higher doses can be delivered with smaller margins, significantly mimicking highly conformal brachytherapy. Some are even claiming that in this era of Image Guided Radiation Therapy (IGRT) and small-and focal-field external beam radiotherapy, brachytherapy is a dying modality. This is the premise debated in this month's Point/Counterpoint.

Research paper thumbnail of The Role of a Physicist in Radiation Oncology

Research paper thumbnail of Calibration of radiotherapy ionization chambers using Co-60 is outdated and should be replaced by direct calibration in linear accelerator beams

Research paper thumbnail of Molecular breast imaging will soon replace x-ray mammography as the imaging modality of choice for women at high risk with dense breasts

Research paper thumbnail of WE-B-304-00: Point/Counterpoint: Biological Dose Optimization

Research paper thumbnail of Point/counterpoint. "Hybrid gold" is the most appropriate open-access modality for journals like Medical Physics

Medical physics, 2015

ABSTRACT The move to provide unrestricted free online access to articles published in peer-review... more ABSTRACT The move to provide unrestricted free online access to articles published in peer-reviewed journals is progressing rapidly and is believed by most to be inevitable. There are essentially three methods to provide such access known as "green," "gold," and "hybrid gold" open access (OA). With green open access, au-thors self-archive their articles immediately upon publication in an open repository, whereas with gold, the journal itself provides free immediate access online to all articles it pub-lishes. Both green and gold open access essentially make hard copy versions of journals superfluous. Thus, for journals like Medical Physics which are owned by scholarly societies (in this case the AAPM) that rely on print advertising revenue to support their activities, gold open access could jeopardize this income, leading some to propose an intermediate form of open access known as hybrid gold. With hybrid gold, authors may, if they wish, pay a fee to have their articles published free access immediately on the journal's website. That this is the most appropriate open-access modality for Medical Physics is the premise debated in this month's Point/Counterpoint.

Research paper thumbnail of Is radiation-induced ovarian failure in rhesus monkeys preventable by luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists?: Preliminary observations

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 1995

With the advent of cancer therapy, increasing numbers of cancer patients are achieving long term ... more With the advent of cancer therapy, increasing numbers of cancer patients are achieving long term survival. Impaired ovarian function after radiation therapy has been reported in several studies. Some investigators have suggested that luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists (LHRHa) can prevent radiation-induced ovarian injury in rodents. Adult female rhesus monkeys were given either vehicle or Leuprolide acetate before, during, and after radiation. Radiation was given in a dose of 200 rads/day for a total of 4000 rads to the ovaries. Frequent serum samples were assayed for estradiol (E2) and FSH. Ovariectomy was performed later. Ovaries were processed and serially sectioned. Follicle count and size distribution were determined. Shortly after radiation started, E2 dropped to low levels, at which it remained, whereas serum FSH level, which was low before radiation, rose soon after starting radiation. In monkeys treated with a combination of LHRHa and radiation, FSH started rising soon after the LHRHa-loaded minipump was removed (after the end of radiation). Serum E2 increased after the end of LHRHa treatment in the nonirradiated monkey, but not in the irradiated monkey. Follicle counts were not preserved in the LHRHa-treated monkeys that received radiation. The data demonstrated no protective effect of LHRHa treatment against radiation-induced ovarian injury in this rhesus monkey model.

Research paper thumbnail of A brief history of the AAPM: Celebrating 60 years of contributions to medical physics practice and science

Research paper thumbnail of The use of a constant RBE=1.1 for proton radiotherapy is no longer appropriate

Medical physics, 2017

It is common practice to use a Relative Biological Effectiveness (RBE) of 1.1 when planning treat... more It is common practice to use a Relative Biological Effectiveness (RBE) of 1.1 when planning treatments and analyzing outcomes for proton therapy, even though it is known that the RBE varies across the spread-out Bragg peak. Since some claim that it is now possible to estimate RBE values throughout the treated volume, however, it has been suggested that this practice is no longer appropriate. This is the premise debated in this month's Point/Counterpoint. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Research paper thumbnail of Point/counterpoint. Respiratory gating for radiation therapy is not ready for prime time

Medical Physics, Apr 1, 2007

Research paper thumbnail of Point/counterpoint. Simultaneous PET/MR will replace PET/CT as the molecular multimodality imaging platform of choice

Medical Physics, Jun 1, 2007

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