Logarithmic timeline of universe (original) (raw)

STEAL THIS RESEARCH !! [terms]

Heinz von Foerster did one of these around 1930, to test how evenly major historical events would fill it (not very evenly). And Nigel Calder did a nice 100-page prose version in 1983 called "Timescale: an atlas of the 4th dimension". Choosing a 'NOW' point is problematic (it keeps changing!) but I picked 31Dec 2001 for convenience.

It's precisely divided into 1015 lines covering the Big Bang (NOW minus 10^10.14 years) to 31Dec 2000 (NOW minus 10^0.00, aka one year). If I manage to find one link per line, this will make the page about 100k, which is the maximum Google will index. (This gratifies my desire for 'necessary' web-design: theory. Design rationale: [more]

UPDATE (3-2005): I've added 115 lines of 'negative exponents' that carry the story almost to the end of 2001, tracing the WTC plot and the first year of W's presidency. Abbreviations used:

W = George W Bush BC = Bill Clinton HC = Hillary Clinton PDB = Presidential Daily Briefing WH = White House RC = Dick Cheney HAL = Halliburton ObL = Osama bin Laden aQ = al Qaeda aJ = al Jazeera muj = mujahideen A'stan = Afghanistan KSM = Khaleed Sheik Mohammed Bin. = Binalshibh PNAC = Project for a New American Century Wolf. = Wolfowitz

10.137 = 13,700,000,000 years BC = Big Bang []
10.13: release of Cosmic Microwave Background []
10.12: first galaxies, of iron-free stars []
10.11: quasars with (unexpected) iron [], carbon monoxide []
10.10 = 12,500,000,000 yrs BC
10.09: big stars explode after fusing H into He-C-O-Mg-Si-S-Fe
10.08
10.07: small stars consume H-He leaving C-O as white dwarfs
10.06
10.05: daily gamma-ray bursts sterilize vast areas? []
10.04: (~3 per galaxy per billion years: cite)
10.03: quasars numerous
10.02: Milky Way captures small galaxy w/retrograde clusters
10.01: universe one-eighth current size?
10.00 = 10,000,000,000 yrs BC

9.99: interstellar gas gradually incorporated by stars
9.98: (gas -> dust -> grit -> lumps)
9.97
9.96 = 9,000,000,000 years BC
9.95
9.94
9.93: Milky Way rotates 5 times per billion years
9.92
9.91 = 8,000,000,000 years BC
9.90

9.89: star-formation in elliptical galaxies mostly stops
9.88
9.87
9.86: galaxy-clustering weaker than today []
9.85 = 7,000,000,000 years BC
9.84
9.83: expanding universe is 1/4 current size
9.82
9.81
9.80: star-formation in spiral galaxies slows (~1 per millennium)

9.79
9.78 = 6,000,000,000 years BC
9.77
9.76: several supernovas per century in Milky Way
9.75
9.74
9.73: interstellar gas from local supernovas begins condensing
9.72: H-C-O-etc form water and simple organic compounds
9.71: angular momentum produces cool?, spinning, flattened disk
9.70 = 5,000,000,000 years BC

9.69: birth of Sun (30% cooler than today: cite)
9.68: condensing interstellar silicon&metals; forms planetesimals
9.67: meteorite with purple salt []
9.66: Earth condenses [] cold but heated by isotopes; Fe sinks
9.65: Moon created by catastrophic glancing impact [] [more]
9.64: global ocean; 1st zircon crystals on Earth [] []
9.63: upwelling Si and Al begin forming island-continents
9.62: iron-rich primordial soup reaches modern salinity (Gaia/life?)
9.61 = 4,000,000,000 years BC: universe is half current size
9.60: massive meteorite storm ends []; left-handed serine? []

9.59: widespread volcanism releases H2, N2, CO2, CO, SO2, HCl []
9.58: Isua graphite from life?; Earth's core 3x as hot as now
9.57: ultraviolet inhibits life by freeing bound nitrogen []
9.56: RNA World? []; anaerobic life at hydrothermal vents? []
9.55: stromatolites of bluegreen algae trickle O2 into air []
9.54: early oxygen precipitates banded iron formations []
9.53: giant meteorite impact []
9.52: diamonds created in south Africa []
9.51: earliest oil []; month only 20-days long? []
9.50: short genome with frequent mutations

9.49: Si-Al island-continents form Gondwana
9.48 = 3,000,000,000 years BC
9.47: Antarctic geology formed []
9.46: Moon and Mercury cool to geologic inactivity
9.45
9.44: greenhouse gases warm Earth to current temps []
9.43: CO2 in oceans begins creating limestone
9.42: Earth's core twice as hot as now (faster drift)
9.41: possible bacteria on land []
9.40: 1st oxygen-based metabolism []

9.39: island-continents form N Amer (Laurentia)
9.38
9.37: gold deposits accumulate in S African streambeds
9.36: abundant stromatolites
9.35: oxydised iron 'red beds' [] [more]
9.34: widespread glaciation (followed by 1.5B yr warm spell)
9.33
9.32: spontaneous uranium meltdown in w Africa
9.31: Wopmay mountains in north Canada (long-since eroded)
9.30 = 2,000,000,000 yrs BC: eukaryotes with mitochondria

9.29: atmosphere finally reaches 1% oxygen
9.28: ozone layer blocks destructive ultraviolet []
9.27: fossilised bacteria in Gunflint chert near Lake Superior
9.26: continents converge as Columbia? []
9.25: meteorites deliver nickel, platinum, chromium?
9.24
9.23
9.22: continents begin to re-converge as Rhodinia
9.21: sexual reproduction
9.20

9.19
9.18 = 1,500,000,000 yrs BC: Siberia breaks from w N Amer?
9.17: cilia?
9.16: eukaryote fossils (mainly acritarchs)
9.15: 1st multicellular experiments
9.14
9.13: lichens on land []
9.12
9.11
9.10 = 1,250,000,000 yrs BC

9.09: cell specialisation
9.08
9.07: gradual cooling as lichens absorb CO2? []
9.06
9.05: Gondwana (SAmer, Africa) collides with Laurentia (N Amer)
9.04: divergence of animals, plants, and fungi []
9.03: 1st coelenterate nervous systems?
9.02: O2 increases after surface rocks reach saturation []
9.01: 1st worm-tracks? []
9.00 = 1,000,000,000 yrs BC

8.99: continents emerge from ocean? []
8.98: ice age?
8.97: CHOANOFLAGELLATE-LIKE HUMAN ANCESTOR
8.96 = 900,000,000 years BC
8.95: adaptive radiation of acritarchs
8.94: start of 250M yr worldwide Ice Age [] [more] [more]
8.93: mtn-building in Africa (Zambia) and Asia (Lake Baikal)
8.92: seaweed (multicell algae) in nw Canada
8.91 = 800,000,000 years BC: SPONGE-LIKE HUMAN ANCESTOR
8.90: vase-shaped protozoans in Grand Canyon

8.89: placozoans; ice age?
8.88: Iapetus Ocean in rift between Laurentia and Gondwana
8.87: oxygen buildup supports more-complex multicell lifeforms
8.86: ctenophores w/nervous systems
8.85 = 700,000,000 years BC
8.84: land plants []
8.83: JELLYFISH-LIKE HUMAN ANCESTOR
8.82: swimming vertebrates diverge from crawling inver'tes? [] []
8.81: FLATWORM-LIKE HUMAN ANCESTOR
8.80: acritarchs suffer massive decline

8.79: earliest bilateral symmetry in worm-trails [] [more]
8.78 = 600,000,000 years BC: Snowball Earth? []
8.77: sponges [], flatworms; WORM-LIKE HUMAN ANCESTOR
8.76: Vendian or Ediacardian diversity []; echinoderms
8.75: scavengers and carnivores; most land is desert
8.74: tiny shells (Tommotion) []; SEASQUIRT-LIKE HUMAN ANCESTOR
8.73: Cambrian explosion of lifeforms []; trilobites []
8.72: LAMPREY-LIKE HUMAN ANCESTOR
8.71: plants with spores; starfish; snails; crustaceans []; fish? []
8.70 = 500,000,000 BC: Ordovician period [] wide glaciation

8.69: massive meteorite storm []
8.68: land plants; giant carnivorous eurypterids
8.67: sea urchins; horseshoe crabs []; sharks diverge
8.66: extinctions; sea level rises, widespread inundation
8.65: Silurian period []; ice age; coral reefs
8.64: mosses; rayfinned fish with jaws and teeth []
8.63: millipedes; aquatic scorpions; LUNGFISH-LIKE HUMAN ANCESTOR
8.62: Devonian period []; N Amer and Eur form Laurasia
8.61 = 400,000,000 years BC: sharks; arachnids; horsetails
8.60: possible increase in meteorite impacts []

8.59: better ozone shield; 1st trees/forests [] [more] [more]
8.58: fish with legs [] [more]
8.57: massive tsunamis (meteorite?); global cooling
8.56: Carboniferous period (coal-producing swamps) []
8.55: plants with seeds, conifers
8.54: amphibians; insects; ferns
8.53: land scorpions; SALAMANDER-LIKE HUMAN ANCESTOR
8.52: all lands join as Pangaea (Appalachian mtns) []
8.51: Tethys Sea separates Asia from Africa
8.50: carnivorous pelycosaurs

8.49: mammals diverge from reptiles and birds []
8.48 = 300,000,000 years BC: spiders
8.47: reptiles; winged insects incl dragonflies
8.46: Permian period [] [] Ural mtns rise as Eurasia forms
8.45: giant cockroaches []
8.44: 1st terrestrial herbivores don't chew []
8.43: pines and firs; therapsids
8.42: rodentlike 'suminia' 1st chewer on land []
8.41: 90% of species die [] [more] [more] [more]
8.40: Triassic period [] arid; sea levels very low

8.39: dinosaurs [], pterosaurs; crocodiles, turtles []
8.38: oxygen peaks at 35% []; lystrosaurs; cynodonts
8.37: proto-flowers (bennettitales?) produce oleanane []
8.36: croc-like thecodonts split as bird- and lizard-hips (SAmer)
8.35: Pangaea splits at Atlantic [] (rotation-time of Milky Way)
8.34: lizard-hips split as veggie prosauropods, carnie teratosaurs
8.33: prosauropods on every continent; 1st sauropod []
8.32: giant meteorite storm [] [] 50% species die in 10k years []
8.31: Jurassic period [] [more]; birds
8.30 = 200,000,000 yrs BC: botanic Eve's genome doubles []

8.29: SHREW-LIKE HUMAN ANCESTOR []
8.28: sea-levels high, land inundated
8.27: ammonites
8.26
8.25
8.24: bird-hipped veggie stegosaurus everywhere but S Amer
8.23: lizard-hipped veggies brachiosaurus, diplodocus
8.22: seafloor ooze makes oil in North Sea, Mexico
8.21: frogs
8.20: salamanders in China [] [more]

8.19: giant carnivorous marine reptile []
8.18 = 150,000,000 yrs BC: land bridge between N Amer and Eur
8.17: archeopteryx []
8.16: dinosaurs evolve more-efficient breathing []
8.15: rat-like mammal []
8.14: Cretaceous period []
8.13: ants []; iguanodons
8.12: flowering plants []
8.11: gulls and wading birds
8.10 = 125,000,000 yrs BC

8.09: marsupials and placentals diverge []
8.08: opossums
8.07: oak trees
8.06: inland seas split e/w N Amer, Europe from Asia
8.05
8.04: triceratops
8.03: placental insectivore in Mongolia
8.02: continents break up; S Amer, Africa, and India are islands
8.01: army ants []
8.00 = 100,000,000 yrs BC

7.99: modern orders of mammals diverge []
7.98: coccoliths create chalk-beds (eg Dover)
7.97: seafloor ooze creates oil (eg Arabia, Venezuela)
7.96 = 90,000,000 years BC
7.95: global warming? []
7.94: LEMUR-LIKE HUMAN ANCESTOR [] [more]
7.93
7.92
7.91 = 80,000,000 years BC
7.90: 1st Hawaiian islands []

7.89
7.88
7.87: land bridge between e Asia and w N Amer
7.86
7.85 = 70,000,000 years BC
7.84: T rex, velociraptors
7.83
7.82: KT extinction event (probably meteorite in Yucatan) []
7.81: Paleocene epoch []
7.80: seas retreat, icecaps grow

7.79: rodents; carnivorous proto-lions/bears
7.78 = 60,000,000 years BC
7.77: collision of India and Asia will create Himalayas [] [more]
7.76: methane release? []; CO2 peaks []
7.75: cats and dogs diverge
7.74: Eocene epoch []
7.73: bats
7.72: daylight moths become butterflies []
7.71: sea levels rise, land inundated
7.70 = 50,000,000 BC: oceans cool

7.69: giant birds eat tiny horses []
7.68: pig-sized proto-elephants
7.67
7.66: whales diverge from hippos []
7.65
7.64
7.63: eosimians []
7.62
7.61 = 40,000,000 years BC: rabbits
7.60: temperatures plummet

7.59: Oligocene epoch []; global cooling
7.58: Asian mammals invade Europe as inland seas dry up
7.57: loons, albatrosses, herons, and penguins diverge
7.56: squirrels in N America []
7.55: 1st grasses reproduce w/o flowers, resist fire and grazing
7.54: giant meteorite impact in Chesapeake Bay []
7.53
7.52: glaciation of Antarctica [] [more]
7.51: S Amer and Australia split from Antarctica
7.50: African monkeys invade S Amer (across ocean?)

7.49: kiwis []
7.48 = 30,000,000 years BC: squirrels in Europe []
7.47: dolphin brains comparable in size to modern humans' []
7.46: ape-like jaws and teeth at Fayum, Egypt
7.45: Japan splits from mainland
7.44: apes and monkeys diverge (lose tails, swing from branches)
7.43
7.42
7.41: Miocene epoch [] sea levels fall
7.40: sex-related Tre2 mutation in primate line []

7.39: dodos diverge []
7.38: modern whales
7.37: mtn-building in Himalayas, Rockies, Andes
7.36: orbital anomaly extends Antarctica's glaciers []
7.35
7.34: dryopithecus in Kenya
7.33
7.32
7.31: 1st deer
7.30 = 20,000,000 yrs BC: 1st Galapagos islands []

7.29: 1st antelopes; Africa collides w/Eurasia []
7.28: (elephants and apes enter Eurasia from Africa)
7.27: (cats, cattle, giraffes, pigs from Eurasia to Africa)
7.26: dryopithecus proconsul []
7.25
7.24: Africa's Rift Valley begins to split
7.23
7.22
7.21: dryopithecus in Germany []
7.20: giant lavaflows in Oregon

7.19: Mediterranean re-separates Europe from Africa? []
7.18 = 15,000,000 yrs BC: meteorite in Germany
7.17: orangutan-like ramapithecus from Kenya to India
7.16
7.15: widespread volcanism
7.14
7.13
7.12
7.11
7.10 = 12,500,000 yrs BC

7.09
7.08
7.07
7.06
7.05
7.04: grazing mammals
7.03: low sea-levels []
7.02: short-toothed horses extinct in N Amer []
7.01: gorillas in forests of central Africa; orangutans
7.00 = 10,000,000 yrs BC: Alps building

6.99: raccoons cross seas from N to S Amer
6.98: bears invade N Amer from Asia
6.97: sloths reach N Amer from S Amer
6.96 = 9,000,000 years BC
6.95
6.94
6.93
6.92
6.91 = 8,000,000 years BC
6.90: possible hominoids in Lufeng, China

6.89
6.88
6.87
6.86
6.85 = 7,000,000 years BC: elephants
6.84
6.83
6.82: sahelanthropus
6.81: hominid tooth at Lukeino, Kenya
6.80

6.79: Mediterranean sea evaporates []
6.78 = 6,000,000 years BC: horses-etc extinct in N Amer? []
6.77: Pliocene epoch []; 1st dogs
6.76: humans diverge from chimps [] [more]; Bering Strait opens []
6.75: hominid jaw at Lothagam, Kenya
6.74: hominid 'orrorin' [] [more]; ardipithecus []
6.73: ardipithecus ramidus kadabba walks upright?
6.72
6.71
6.70 = 5,000,000 BC

6.69: rats reach Australia
6.68: longshot aquatic-ape phase
6.67: hominids move from forest to savanna, lose fur? [] lose fur?
6.66: two 'chimp' chromosomes fuse into human chr'some #2 (bottleneck?)
6.65: Mediterranean re-floods for good
6.64
6.63: Andes mtns rising
6.62
6.61 = 4,000,000 years BC: Gulf Stream strengthened
6.60: australopithecus? []

6.59: mammoths and elephants in Africa []
6.58: (also giraffes, buffalos, rhinos, hyenas, sabre-tooths)
6.57: Congo River splits chimps from future bonobos
6.56: bipedal hominid footprints at Laetoli, Tanzania
6.55: bison, mammoth, deer, sabre-tooths to N Amer from Asia
6.54: camels, horses, and dogs enter Asia from N Amer []
6.53: australopithecus []; reduced sexual dimorphism []
6.52: 'Lucy' walks using knuckles? []
6.51: kenyanthropus? []
6.50: selection for throwing-aim? []

6.49: N and S Amer species mingle via landbridge []
6.48 = 3,000,000 years BC: Ice Age
6.47: omnivorous australopithecus diverges from vegetarian
6.46: australopithecus africanus in S Africa
6.45: human sense of smell dramatically reduced [] (cooked food?)
6.44: (no-date: sialic acid lost from cell surfaces)
6.43: australopithecus keeps pebble that resembles a face []
6.42: hominid tooth-shapes suggest meat-eating []
6.41: basalt tools at Hadar, Ethiopia
6.40: australopithecus garhi [] [more]

6.39: stone tools used to strip meat []; jaws shrink
6.38: Ice Age; (distance to Andromeda galaxy in lightyears)
6.37: sophisticated stone tools (homo habilis) []
6.36: hominid teeth at Omo, Kenya
6.35: Galapagos finches diverge from mainland species []
6.34: brain asymmetry may imply proto-language use?
6.33
6.32
6.31: skull 1470 at E Turkana, Kenya (homo cranium)
6.30 = 2,000,000 yrs BC: African droughts

6.29: elephants and hippos butchered
6.28: hominids master fire, cook tubers [] 1st African diaspora?
6.27: social structures reorganised around hearth (sharing) []
6.26: Pleistocene epoch [] Java man
6.25: possible fire at Hsihoutu, China; 1st bison, sheep, hogs
6.24: 1st homo erectus []
6.23: Oldowan tools carried for miles; 12ft round basecamp
6.22: homo ergaster in Eurasia []; 6ft-tall Nariokotome boy
6.21: animal sinews used as cords; skins as rugs, bags, clothes?
6.20: noctural leopards preying on australopithecus (not homo)?

6.19: Karari tools at E Turkana, Kenya; also erectus skull
6.18 = 1,500,000 yrs BC
6.17: Acheulean hand-axes (spread to Korea over next 1.3M yrs)
6.16: fire at Chesowanja, Kenya
6.15: homo w/hand-axes at Sterkfontein, S Africa
6.14: Chesowanja homo eats australopithecines?
6.13: Losokweta tools at Chesowanja (processing lake-plants?)
6.12: australopithecus extinct
6.11: much higher average sea-levels
6.10 = 1,250,000 yrs BC: 14k furless humans (genetic bottleneck) []

6.09: brain growing about 1500 neurons per year, on average
6.08: females closer to size of males, bonds more monogamous
6.07: males hunt, females gather and cook?
6.06: homo erectus lice-species becomes isolated in Asia
6.05
6.04: African savanna resembles modern ecology []
6.03: homo erectus uses bones to catch termites []
6.02
6.01
6.00 = 1,000,000 yrs BC

5.99: widespread volcanism
5.98: Ice Age causes erectus divergence []
5.97
5.96 = 900,000 years BC
5.95
5.94
5.93
5.92
5.91 = 800,000 years BC
5.90: brown bears

5.89: last major geomagnetic reversal (Brunhes-Matuyama)
5.88: Acheulean tools in mideast (Ubeidiya); giant meteorite
5.87: homo in Isernia, Italy eats elephant and bison
5.86: hand-axes for processing lake-plants at Kilombe, Kenya
5.85 = 700,000 years BC: warm interglacial
5.84: fire by underground lake at L'Escale, France
5.83
5.82
5.81
5.80: wolves

5.79
5.78 = 600,000 years BC
5.77
5.76: warm interglacial
5.75
5.74
5.73
5.72: 1st llamas
5.71: hominid mandible in Germany
5.70 = 500,000 BC: possible homo in Britain

5.69: Peking man has fire but no hand-axes []
5.68: ate elephant, horse, deer, water buffalo, likely cannibalism
5.67
5.66
5.65: Spanish hunters entrap elephant herd, horses, deer, cattle
5.64
5.63: warm interglacial; beach huts in Nice
5.62: extinction of homo erectus []
5.61 = 400,000 years BC
5.60: wooden spears in Germany []

5.59: systematic baboon-hunting in Olorgesailie, Kenya
5.58: strait of Gibraltar crossed by boat?
5.57: Arago 21 skull in s France
5.56
5.55: limit of uranium dating
5.54: ceremonial burial in Spain? []
5.53
5.52: pre-Acheulian Clacton tools, wooden spear in se England
5.51: high sealevels (warm Hoxnian/Holstein interglacial)
5.50: fire at Terra Armata (s France)

5.49
5.48 = 300,000 BC
5.47: fire in cave at Pech de l'Aze, France
5.46
5.45
5.44: homo sapiens scalped at Bodo, Ethiopia
5.43
5.42: post-Acheulean tools at Mesvin, Belgium (incl bone point?)
5.41: deer and gazelle hunted in c Asia (Lakhuti)
5.40: homo sapiens skull at Petraloma, Greece

5.39: fire more-common in Europe
5.38: global warming
5.37: homo sapiens at Bilzingsleben
5.36
5.35
5.34: Levallois technique for making hand-axes
5.33: high sealevels
5.32: bones burnt for fuel in Hungary
5.31: 'founder' cichlids in Lake Victoria will spawn 200 species
5.30 = 200,000 yrs BC: handaxe w/decorative fossil in England

5.29: neanderthals in Ice Age Europe and Asia
5.28: wooden club at Kalambo Falls, Tanzania
5.27: 1st cave bears, reindeer, goats, modern cattle (aurochs)
5.26: global cooling
5.25
5.24
5.23
5.22
5.21: (distance to 1987 supernova in lightyears)
5.20: Acheulean hand-axes still in use near Galilee

5.19: modern skulls at Awash Valley, Ethiopia []
5.18 = 150,000 yrs BC: woolly mammoth
5.17: language-related FOXP2 mutation []
5.16: Mousterian flint flake-tools replace Acheulean in n France
5.15: Africa cooler and drier []
5.14: dogs diverge from wolves?
5.13: homo killed by wooden spear in Tabun, Israel?
5.12: homo sapiens evolve chins [] (men shaving beards?)
5.11: global warming []
5.10 = 125,000 yrs BC

5.09: German elephant pierced by wooden spear
5.08: high sealevels (warm Russ-Wurm interglacial, 10k yrs)
5.07
5.06: Ngaloba skull at Laetoli (non-Neanderthal homo sapiens)
5.05: 35k-yr cool wet spell in Europe (temps drop 15 degrees?)
5.04: some hominids venture back into heavy forests
5.03: shaped and colored mammoth's tooth
5.02: ivory plaque in Tata, Hungary
5.01: hunting of mainly-weakened big-game (young, old)
5.00 = 100,000yrs BC: limit of C14 dating

4.99: genetic Eve? []; Little Ice Age
4.98: grave goods (deer head) in Qafzeh Cave burial (Israel)
4.97: microliths fitted to wooden shafts in S Africa
4.96 = 88,000 BC: cannibalism in Yugoslavia
4.95
4.94: Sahara more arid than today
4.93
4.92: probable intentional burial []
4.91 = 78,000 BC
4.90

4.89
4.88
4.87: volcanic winter after Toba (Sumatra) eruption [] [more]
4.86: geometric scratchings on ochre []
4.85 = 68,000 BC: 1st polar bears (in London!)
4.84: body lice diverge from head lice (via clothes) []
4.83
4.82
4.81
4.80: homo sapiens displace neanderthals in mideast

4.79: homo reaches Australia?
4.78 = 58,000 BC: brief global warming
4.77: Iraq burial w/medicinal flowers
4.76: neanderthal cave 'altar' in Monte Circeo, Italy
4.75
4.74: Shanidar (Iraq) neanderthals bind/flatten babies' heads?
4.73: 20-ft oval of mammoth tusks in Ripiceni-Izvor, Romania
4.72: 1st Australians hunt giant marsupials to extinction
4.71: multicolored bodypaint
4.70 = 48,000 BC: population spurt (African diaspora?) []

4.69: neanderthal cemetery in La Ferrassie, France
4.68: burial w/goat-horns in Teshik Tash, Russia
4.67: bone whistle in Haua Fteah, Libya; bone points in Hungary
4.66: hypothetical daughter-of-Eve 'Ursula' in N Greece []
4.65: mideast middens show more hares (vs turtles) being eaten
4.64: Aterian toolkit across Sahara incl points w/tangs
4.63: beads as body-ornaments []
4.62: Cro-Magnons in Europe; blade toolkit in n Africa
4.61 = 38,000 BC: Russians wear furs []
4.60

4.59: 10k-yr thaw in Ice Age
4.58
4.57: blade-style toolkit in Europe
4.56: star chart? []
4.55
4.54
4.53: hunter-gatherers in tribes of ~40 worldwide
4.52: Chatelperronian 'knife' in sw France
4.51
4.50: Asians invade Europe? [] [more]

4.49: cave paintings at Chauvet Pont d'Arc []
4.48 = 28,000 BC: Dyuktai culture in Siberia
4.47: (distance to center of Milky Way in lightyears)
4.46: last Neanderthals? []; flutes and whistles in Eurasia
4.45: possible humans at El Cedral, Mexico
4.44: woven cloth? []; obsidian, flint traded long-distance
4.43: ceramic 'Venus' in Czech Republic
4.42: Gravettian toolkit across Eur; shells traded long-distance
4.41: axe-adzes in New Guinea; tailored clothes near Moscow
4.40: hypothetical daughter-of-Eve 'Xenia' in Caucasus []

4.39: cremation in Lake Mungo, Australia
4.38: tribes specialise in hunting particular species
4.37: Los Angeles man in California?
4.36: hut of mammoth-bones in Mezhirich, Russia
4.35: artifacts at Predmost, Czech Republic
4.34: Siberians make stone fireplaces, fat-burning lamps
4.33: Solutrean tools in France and Spain (laurel-leaf points)
4.32: megafauna survive in Australia; Koonalda Cave paintings
4.31: probable hearth at Tlapacoya, Mexico; bow and arrow
4.30 = 18,000 yrs BC: low sealevels (no English Channel)

4.29: hypothetical daughter-of-Eve 'Helena' in S France []
4.28: possible humans at Flea Cave, Peru
4.27: large stone tools generally replaced by microliths
4.26: tents, sewing, bone needles w/eyes
4.25: ivory head in Brassempouy, France
4.24: trepanned skulls? []; star chart? []
4.23: cave paintings at Lascaux []
4.22: daughters-of-Eve 'Velda' in N Spain, 'Tara' in Italy []
4.21: pre-Clovis points at Meadowcroft, Pennsylvania
4.20: Magdalenian toolkit in w Europe (fine bone carving)

4.19: hypothetical daughter-of-Eve 'Katrine' in N Italy []
4.18 = 13,000 yrs BC: humans in Alaska and Peru
4.17: grinding stones and sickles in Egypt
4.16: polished stone tools in New Guinea
4.15: fishhooks, harpoons, spear-throwers (compound tool)
4.14: cemetery at Jebel Sahaba, Egypt w/many violent deaths
4.13: Bering Strait finally submerges landbridge
4.12: 72 reindeer butchered at Meiendorf, Germany
4.11: wooden artifacts in Monte Verde, Chile
4.10 = 10,500 yrs BC: Holocene epoch []

4.09: hypothetical root language 'Nostratic' []
4.08: Natufian culture in mideast incl village at Ain Mallaha
4.07: Clovis people hunt Amer mammoth-etc to extinction? []
4.06: dramatic global warming ends Ice Age
4.05: arrows in Ahrensburg, Germany; pillars of Gobekli Tepe []
4.04: engraved slate plaques in Gonnersdorf, Germany
4.03: European extinctions (mammoth, woolly rhino)
4.02: wheat and barley domesticated (1st beer?)
4.01: hypothetical daughter-of-Eve 'Jasmine' in Syria []
4.00 = 8000 BC: goats domesticated

3.99: fire-drills and woven crafts at Guitarrero Cave, Peru
3.98: fired-clay pottery; navigation of Aegean; Jericho wall
3.97: sheep and pigs domesticated; irrigation in New Guinea
3.96 = 7000 BC: Kennewick man; cattle domesticated; 1st copper
3.95: Jericho culture-change incl skulls w/plaster faces
3.94: 40 erectus-like skeletons at Kow Swamp, Australia
3.93: Lake Agassiz []; discovery of prime numbers? []
3.92: humans drive bison into Colorado gully (Olsen-Chubbock)
3.91 = 6000 BC: idyllic Catal Hoyuk []
3.90: re-desertification of Sahara []

3.89: hypothetical Black Sea flood/salinisation []
3.88: developed obsidian-trade in mideast (via donkeys?)
3.87: simple irrigation in Iran, Catal Hoyuk
3.86: dingos in Australia
3.85 = 5000 BC
3.84: trepanned skulls []
3.83: stone buildings; cow's milk (lactose tolerance)
3.82: portraits on pottery; increasing copper-trade
3.81: astronomical megalith in Egypt []
3.80: proto-Indo-European language []

3.79: mutation creates woolly sheep; corncobs in Peru
3.78 = 4000 BC: domestication of horse; painted pottery
3.77: Egypt and Sumer; grain silos at Fayum, Egypt
3.76: circumcision in Egypt [] []; Little Ice Age
3.75: pipe-and-drum music; metal-working in Thailand
3.74: early writing; copper mines and gold in Balkans
3.73: Oetzi the Iceman []
3.72: Newgrange megalith in Ireland; mideast pork-taboo []
3.71: wheeled oxcarts; Egyptian canals; 1st arch
3.70 = 3000 BC: Egypt unified; riverboats with sails

3.69: dream interpretation, reading entrails
3.68: oral Gilgamesh epic; Phoenicians []
3.67: pyramids, calendar
3.66: bronze; soldering; harps
3.65: papyrus and ink; Ebla; Ur; Amazon monuments []
3.64: Sargon's Akkadian empire; Mohenjo-daro has sewers
3.63: antiphonal chants; Egyptian wisdom literature []
3.62: Stonehenge []; Lilith []; 1st chariots
3.61 = 2000 BC: ziggurats; Babylonian creation epic
3.60: sailing ships, Minoan palaces []

3.59: Sinuhe's autobiography []; habiru bandits []
3.58: Phaistos disk []; Code of Hammurabi []
3.57: consonantal alphabet in Sinai []; Hyksos
3.56: Rhind mathematical papyrus []
3.55: Egyptian Book of the Dead; lutes
3.54: Egyptian gold-glut; Hatshepsut []; glass bottles; incense
3.53: Nippur city-map; Thera erupts?; Ugarit religious texts []
3.52: Amarna letters []; Akhenaten's religious heresy []
3.51: chanting of Rigveda?; writing tablets []; Little Ice Age
3.50: love poems in Egypt; Sea Peoples, Trojan war? []

3.49: I Ching []; pentatonic scale; Bedouins w/camels []
3.48 = 1000 BC: mouth-organ in China
3.47 = 950 BC: dark ages in mideast []; purple dye in Tyre
3.46 = 880 BC: Italian iron mines; Ahab weds Jezebel?
3.45 = 820 BC: Upanishads; Carthage founded; cult of Dionysus
3.44 = 750 BC: Homer and Hesiod []; lyres, bards; Amos?
3.43 = 690 BC: uniform coinage; lyric poetry []; Isaiah?
3.42 = 630 BC: Zoroaster; Josiah's book of the law; Sappho
3.41 = 570 BC: Jerusalem razed; Aesop's fables []; Tao-te Ching
3.40 = 510 BC: Buddha enlightened []; Pythagorean math-cult []

3.39 = 450 BC: Confucius; Aeschylus []; Aristophanes []
3.38 = 400 BC: Peloponnesian war; Socrates dies; Ezra's Torah
3.37 = 340 BC: Plato, Aristotle []; Alexander the Great
3.36 = 290 BC: Epicurus []; Euclid []; crossbow; Septuagint []
3.35 = 240 BC: Archimedes []; Hannibal; Great Wall of China
3.34 = 190 BC: Bk of Daniel (idea of messiah, resurrection) []
3.33 = 140 BC: Rome conquers Greece, Carthage; expels Jews
3.32 = 90 BC: Antikythera computer []; Dead Sea Scrolls []; tofu
3.31 = 40 BC: Cicero []; Lucretius; Julius Caesar; Virgil
3.30 = 1 AD: Ovid; Jesus []; Claudius []; Bhagavad Gita

3.29 = 50 AD: Paul; Petronius []; Falco []; Pompeii buried
3.28 = 90 AD: Book of Revelation; idea of Anti-Christ; gnosticism
3.27 = 140 AD: zither; Jews expelled from Jerusalem; Ptolemy []
3.26 = 180 AD: plague; Marcus Aurelius; Galen; runes
3.25 = 220 AD: Mishnah; Origen []; Diophantus []
3.24 = 260 AD: neoplatonism []; Manicheism
3.23 = 300 AD: Constantine's Roman Christianity
3.22 = 340 AD: Arianism; St Anthony []; Julian; Ulfias
3.21 = 380 AD: alchemy?; theory of Trinity; Jerome's latin Bible
3.20 = 420 AD: Augustine; St Patrick []; Jerusalem Talmud []

3.19 = 450 AD: Attila, fall of Rome; tantric Buddhism; Slavs
3.18 = 500: Babylonian Talmud []; Arabian Nights; stirrups
3.17 = 530: Boethius []; Justinian; King Arthur; Benedictines
3.16 = 550: Taliesen in Wales; plague in Europe; zero in India []
3.15 = 590: Gregorian chant; Viking longboats
3.14 = 620: Mohammed's Koran; Uralic invasion of Finland
3.13 = 650: Arabs conquer Syria-Iraq-Egypt-Persia, burn library?
3.12 = 680: Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem
3.11 = 710: Arabs in Spain and India; Venerable Bede
3.10 = 750: Baghdad is Arab capital; papermaking; Irish whiskey

3.09 = 780: Charlemagne; Gebir's chemistry; Book of Kells
3.08 = 800: Arabs' translation-movement; Vedanta; Machu Picchu
3.07 = 830: Zen (Ch'an) Buddhism; Dublin founded
3.06 = 850: split between Rome and Byzantium; gunpowder?
3.05 = 880: Norwegians settle Iceland
3.04 = 900: Sufism
3.03 = 930: pipe organs; global warming
3.02 = 950: water mills; Jews' controversial Kol Nidre prayer []
3.01 = 980: Arabic numerals
3.00 = 1000: Vinland; Beowulf

2.99: Avicenna []; Al-Biruni []; Alhazen; magnetic compass
2.98: Lady Godiva; Lady Murasaki's "Tale of Genji" []
2.97: troubadors; Domesday Book (English tax census) []
2.96 = 1100: Crusades; Omar Khayyam []; scholasticism
2.95: Abelard castrated for affair with Heloise []
2.94: Cistercians; checkers; coal for smelting iron
2.93: Notre Dame's gothic architecture; murder of Becket
2.92: Averroes, Maimonides; Little Ice Age; Genghis Khan
2.91 = 1200: Fibonacci []; Magna Carta; St Francis
2.90: Oxford University, Grosseteste []; sitars

2.89: Inquisition; Frederick II []
2.88: Albertus Magnus []; Rumi; Roger Bacon []
2.87: Thomas Aquinas []; kabbalah
2.86: Marco Polo; Jews expelled from England & France; Braveheart
2.85 = 1300: Raymond Lully []; Giotto; madrigals
2.84: Dante's Divine Comedy []; Tenochtitlan
2.83: spinning wheel; Ockham's razor []
2.82: Petrarch; cannon-warfare
2.81: Black Death; Boccaccio's 'Decameron'
2.80: Wycliffe []; Noh drama; Oresme []

2.79: Great Schism in papacy; Chaucer's "Canterbury Tales"
2.78 = 1400: tarot []
2.77: Huss burned; Chinese naval conquests
2.76: Kempis' "Imitation of Christ"; Joan of Arc burned
2.75: Nicholas of Cusa []; Leone Battista Alberti []
2.74: Gutenberg's printing press
2.73: Francois Villon; Malory's "Morte D'Arthur"
2.72: Botticelli's Birth of Venus []
2.71: Columbus; Sikhism; Borgias
2.70 = 1500: Leonardo da Vinci [], Michelangelo

2.69: Erasmus; Machiavelli's 'Prince' []
2.68: Luther's 95 theses; Little Ice Age
2.67: Paracelsus [], Rabelais; Mennonites; Jesuits []; Calvin []
2.66: Peter Ramus [], Durer [], Mercator []
2.65 = 1550: Vesalius, Copernicus []; Queen Elizabeth
2.64: John Dee [], Giambattista della Porta []; Huguenots killed
2.63: Montaigne; Giordano Bruno []; Simon Stevin []
2.62: Spanish Armada; Vieta's algebra []; Edict of Nantes
2.61 = 1600: Bruno burned; Shakespeare's Hamlet []; Kepler []
2.60: Francis Bacon []; telescope []; Ben Jonson; King James Bible

2.59: Rosicrucians []; Cervantes []; Napier's logarithms []
2.58: Pilgrims on Mayflower; John Donne
2.57 = 1625: Burton's "Anatomy of Melancholy" []
2.56: Galileo's trial []; Jacob Boehme; Descartes 'cogito' []
2.55: English Civil War; Taj Mahal; Rembrandt
2.54 = 1650: Herrick's 'Lovers' []; Hobbes []; Quakers
2.53: Boyle []; Royal Society; Vermeer; London plague and fire
2.52: Milton's "Paradise Lost" []; Wilkins' thesaurus []
2.51 = 1675: Spinoza's Ethics []; microscope; calculus []
2.50: Newton's Principia []

2.49: Amish; Locke []; Leibnitz []
2.48 = 1700: Newton's Optics
2.47: piano; Berkeley []
2.46: Marten's masturbation-taboo []; Freemasons; Bach
2.45: Defoe's "Robinson Crusoe"; South Sea Bubble; Hasidism
2.44 = 1725: Vico's "New Science"; Swift's "Gulliver's Travels" []
2.43: looms driven by punched cards; rice-futures exchange []
2.42: Linnaeus []; Euler []; Hume; Swedenborg
2.41: Voltaire; Saudis adopt Wahhabism; 1st symphonies
2.40 = 1750: Rothschild banking dynasty []; French Encyclopedia

2.39: sextant; chronometer; Sterne's "Tristram Shandy"
2.38: Rousseau's "Social Contact"
2.37
2.36: Watt's steam engine; Shakers; Messier's catalog []
2.35 = 1775: Smith's "Wealth of Nations" []; American Revolution
2.34: Shakers; Gibbon's "Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire" []
2.33: Uranus; mesmerism; Kant []; Mozart; Lavoisier
2.32: Blake's "Marriage of Heaven and Hell" []
2.31: French Revolution; Bentham []; Malthus; Rosetta Stone
2.30 = 1800: Laplace []; Louisiana Purchase

2.29: Napoleon proclaimed emperor; Goethe's 'Faust'
2.28: Dalton's atomism; Jane Austen
2.27: Scott's 'Waverly'
2.26: Battle of Waterloo
2.25: Byron []; railroad; electric motor
2.24 = 1825: Beethoven's 9th; photography
2.23: Pushkin's "Eugene Onegin"; Mormons; Robert Owen
2.22: Patrick Matthew's natural selection []
2.21: Babbage designs Analytic Engine []; Alamo
2.20: telegraph; Poe; Bolzano []; Baha'i; Neptune; Victoria

2.19: Opium War; Joule; potato famine; Pre-Raphaelites []
2.18 = 1851: goldrush; Moby-Dick; Roget's Thesaurus []
2.17: Thoreau's Walden; Whitman's Leaves of Grass
2.16: Flaubert's "Mrs Bovary" []; Neanderthal skeletons
2.15: Baudelaire's "Fleurs du Mal"; Darwin; "Great Expectations"
2.14: US Civil War; "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland"
2.13: Mendel; Marx's "Das Kapital" []; Suez Canal
2.12: Mendeleev; Chicago fire
2.11: Tolstoy's "Anna Karenin"; Dewey Decimal System
2.10 = 1876: Bell's telephone; Custer's last stand; Swan Lake

2.09: Edison's phonograph, lightbulb; Ibsen's "Doll's House"
2.08: Twain's "Huck Finn"; Krakatoa; Maxim gun; Mikado
2.07: Statue of Liberty; Peirce's electrical logic machine []
2.06 = 1889: Kodak; Coke; Jack the Ripper; Nietzsche goes mad
2.05: Wm James' Psychology []; van Gogh dies; Gauguin to Tahiti
2.04: Steinmetz []; Universal Decimal Classification; electron []
2.03: trial of Oscar Wilde []; Nobel prizes; Congo genocide
2.02: Dreyfus affair; zionism; Hearst's Spanish-American War
2.01: fauvism; Polti's "36 Dramatic Situations" []
2.00 = 1901: Freud's "Interpretation of Dreams" []

1.99: Picasso's blue period []; Wright Bros; Bloomsday []
1.98: Einstein's miracle-year; Scott Joplin's 'Bethena'; SF quake
1.97: worldlines; cubism; Nijinsky; Model T Ford; Tunguska meteorite
1.96 = 1911: Britannica's 11th edition []; Titanic sinks
1.95: Anti-Defamation League; Proust's "Swann's Way"
1.94: Peace Ship; Panama Canal
1.93: Russian revolutions; Balfour Declaration; killer flu
1.92: prohibition; radio; jazz []; Winnie the Pooh
1.91 = 1921: Torres y Quevedo []; Wittgenstein's Tractatus []
1.90: Irish Free State; Joyce's 'Ulysses' []

1.89: leaded gas; Bernays' "Crystallizing Public Opinion"
1.88: Scopes 'Monkey Trial'; QM; "The Jazz Singer"; OED; photons
1.87: Fed Radio Commish reallocates spectrum []; Mickey Mouse
1.86: Krishnamurti dissolves religious order []; Wall St crash; Pluto
1.85 = 1931: Basic English []; Gödel []; Gandhi's civil disobedience; neutron
1.84: Hitler made chancellor; FDR's New Deal; faceted indexing []
1.83: Communications Act requires serving public interest []
1.82: Stalin; 12-step; Marx Bros' "Night at the Opera"; Keynes
1.81: Spanish Civil War; Amelia Earhart lost; "War of the Worlds"
1.80: "Finnegans Wake" []; Billie Holiday's "Strange Fruit"

1.79: Bell's Complex Number Computer []; NBC tv; penicillin
1.78 = Dec1941: "Citizen Kane"; Pearl Harbor
1.77: Myers-Briggs Type Indicator []; Hoffman's LSD; Ayn Rand
1.76: Cousteau's aqualung; stored-program cpu-architecture
1.75: Hiroshima; Memex []; RAND []; UN; geodesic dome; W born
1.74 = 1946: gnostic gospels; 'Iron Curtain'; Nuremberg trials
1.73: Indian independence; Israeli independence; UFOs; transistor
1.72: Graves' "White Goddess"; NATO; '1984'; Mao Tse-tung
1.71: "Guys and Dolls"; Peanuts; "Catcher in the Rye"; Korean war
1.70 = Dec1951: Mad Magazine; Mortimer Adler's Syntopicon []

1.69: DNA cracked; Playboy; Scientology; McCarthy hearings
1.68: Stevens' "Of Mere Being" []; Elvis Presley; Disneyland
1.67: Nabokov's "Lolita"; Ginsberg's 'Howl'; Rosa Parks
1.66: JL Austin []; Cat in the Hat; Kerouac's "On the Road"
1.65 = 1957: IGY []; ObL born; Sputnik; ARPA; Hula Hoop
1.64: Barbara O'Brien's "Operators and Things" []; LISP []; Castro
1.63: 'Black Orpheus' []; Ellmann's "James Joyce" []; the Pill
1.62: OPEC; PDP-1
1.61 = 31Dec 1961: Bay of Pigs; Berlin Wall; "Silent Spring"
1.60: Warhol's soup cans; Marilyn dies; missile crisis; ASCII, valium

1.59: MLK "I have a dream"; JFK shot; Dr Strangelove []; Girl from Ipanema
1.58: IBM 360 [];"Hard Day's Night" [] []; Sam Smith []; Tonkin Gulf
1.57: Dylan gets Beatles high []; Malcolm X shot; Pinter's 'Homecoming'
1.56: Watts riots; Nader's "Unsafe at Any Speed"
1.55: regular expressions []
1.54 = 1967: Sgt Pepper's; LBJ hides Israeli warcrimes; Che dies
1.53: Incredible String Band []; Zap Comix; 2001; Barbarella
1.52: Englebart's mouse-demo []; Moonwalk; Woodstock; Laws of Form []
1.51: Monty Python; Unix []; Xerox PARC []; Kent State
1.50: "Monday Night Class" []; Jay Forrester's eco-sim []

1.49: Altman's "McCabe and Mrs Miller" []; Michael Hurley []
1.48 = 1971
1.47: Ms. mag; 1st Rainbow Gathering; Smalltalk []; Pong; Roe-Wade
1.46: Skylab; "American Graffiti" []; Scaife []
1.45: D&D; []; Rivette's "Celine and Julie Go Boating" []
1.44: Pynchon's "Gravity's Rainbow"; Stone's "Dog Soldiers" []
1.43: Nixon resigns; Muhammed Ali reclaims crown; SNL; W's MBA
1.42: Iris Murdoch's "A Word Child" []; East Timor genocide
1.41: Doctorow's 'Ragtime'; Marley's "Natty Dread"; SCTV; W's DUI
1.40 = 1976: Emacs; 6502 chip; Julian Jaynes; "Selfish Gene"

1.39: R.Adler's "Speedboat"; string theory; Mars landing; Apple ][
1.38: Saturday Night Fever; Watching the Detectives; bonobo sex
1.37: "A Pattern Language" []; VisiCalc; Rickie Lee Jones []; FOIA
1.36: "Deer Hunter" []; Jonestown suicides; Sony Walkman; B52s
1.35: Dancing Barefoot; Thatcher; Ayatollah; RC heart attack
1.34: Three Mile Island; Joni's 'Mingus' []; Viz mag; 4AD
1.33: Voyager's Jupiter; Pretenders; "Far Side" comic; Usenet []
1.32: Pac-Man []; CNN; Anti-Math []; Iran-Iraq war
1.31: Mt St Helens; Lennon shot; Reagan shot; AIDS; 10k Maniacs
1.30 = Dec1981: IBM PC; MTV; French Minitel; Wharton's 'Dad' []

1.29: Kate Bush's "The Dreaming"; ObL joins muj.
1.28: Commodore 64; Sharon's warcrimes in Lb.; Moon's WashTimes
1.27: USA Today; Chimpanzee Politics; liposuction; Beirut bomb
1.26: Girls Just Want To Have Fun; Rumsfeld visits Saddam
1.25: Van Dyke Parks 'Jump!' []; King of Comedy []
1.24: Willner/Monk "That's The Way I Feel Now" []; Repo Man
1.23 = 1984: Apple Macintosh []; Cyc project []; RC heart attack
1.22: Bhopal tragedy; Calvin and Hobbes; Mary Coughlan []
1.21: "Balance of Power" []; Feynmann's QED; Nintendo; W born again
1.20: 80386 []; the WELL; Challenger explodes; Reagan aids muj.

1.19: Burning Man []; Lynch's Blue Velvet []; Soros/Harken bails out W
1.18 = 31Dec 1986: Chernobyl; Iran-Contra scandal; W drills well w/Enron
1.17: Simpsons debut; Full Metal Jacket []; Greenspan chairs Fed
1.16: Reagan's FCC abandons Fairness Doctrine []
1.15: HyperCard; Prozac; stock market crash; MP3; crack cocaine
1.14: Bonfire of the Vanities []; Barger's Solace []; Enya; PanAm 103
1.13: Rush Limbaugh goes national; 'They Live'; MST3K; The Onion
1.12: Morris Worm; PixelVision; ObL's aQ; RC heart attack
1.11: Rushdie fatwah; Exxon Valdez; Tiananmen Square; Tetris
1.10 = 01Jul 1989: Will Wright's SimCity; AOL; Baywatch

1.09: US invades Panama; Mary Zimmerman's 'Odyssey'; S&L; bailout
1.08: SF earthquake; fall of Berlin Wall; Marta Sebestyen []
1.07: Judi Bari victim of anti-environmentalist carbomb []
1.06: Twin Peaks; Sinead O'Connor; W dumps Harken stock
1.05: Bly's "Iron John"; Camille Paglia; aQ kills Rabbi Kahane
1.04: "GoodFellas"; Ani DiFranco's Righteous Babe; Harken tanks
1.03: Gulf War; Nirvana; Massive Attack; ObL in Sudan
1.02: gopher; Tom Ray's alife Tierra; Clarence Thomas
1.01: Be computer []; Iceman discovered []; fractal thickets
1.00 = 31Dec 1991: Jellyeye's "Avalanch Ranch" []; FWAKE-L project

0.99 = 9.77: Linux project []; Kate Moss; Enron's Dabhol project
0.98 = 9.55: Whole Internet Guide; Tori Amos; RC warplan
0.97 = 9.33: Chomsky documentary "Manufacturing Consent" []
0.96 = 9.12 = 1992: "Finn's Hotel" hoax []; "Reservoir Dogs" []
0.95 = 8.91: Moby; Newton PDA; KSM aids WTC bomb; Carlyle Group
0.94 = 8.71: Apr: Waco; Clinton bombs Baghdad; Fermat proved
0.93 = 8.51: aQ aids Black Hawk Down; Vince Foster suicide
0.92 = 8.32: Aug: Mosaic 1.0 []; Andrea Chen []; X-Files
0.91 = 8.13 = 1993: Dec: NAFTA; Hubble fixed; Carmack's Doom []
0.90 = 7.94: Bill Bixby haiku []; Rwanda genocide

0.89 = 7.76: OJ murders []; Saudis exile ObL; aQ in Sudan
0.88 = 7.59: Cobain suicide []; TV Nation []; HC's healthcare flop
0.87 = 7.41: Shahak's "Jewish History, Jewish Religion" []
0.86 = 7.24: Gingrich's Contract on America; W&Rove; Texas gov.
0.85 = 7.08 = 1994: Portishead, trip-hop; aQ tests shoebomb
0.84 = 6.92: Riverdance []; Kobe quake []; Yahoo []; aQ fire in Manila
0.83 = 6.76: Apr: GreenCard spam []; McVeigh []; Pullman HDM []
0.82 = 6.61: BC&Gingrich; vow cmpgn-finance reform []; Monica WH intern
0.81 = 6.46: Aug: heatwave []; Netscape IPO []; DejaNews []; Alanis []
0.80 = 6.31: Sep: eBay []; Unabomb txt []; KSM plans WTC air-attack

0.79 = 6.17: OJ acquitted []; Dogme 95 []; RC CEO of HAL
0.78 = 6.03 = 1995: Dec: Altavista []; Deutch's CIA secrets on AOL
0.77 = 5.89: mad cow []; Deep Blue beats Kasparov []; ValuJet crash
0.76 = 5.75: Apr: Unabomb bust []; Beanie Babies []; Khobar bombing
0.75 = 5.62: Fargo []; Dark Alliance []; TWA 800 []; US weighs Iran war
0.74 = 5.50: Telecom Act allows megamergers []; Atlanta Olympics
0.73 = 5.37: welfare reform []; Spice Girls []; Israel bombs refugees
0.72 = 5.25: Palm Pilot []; WebTV []; Taliban rule A'stan; aJ founded
0.71 = 5.13: Tamagotchis []; USA-jihad by ObL; KSM indicted
0.70 = 5.01 = 1996: Leslie Stahl: "Shouldn't this be expunged?"

0.69 = 4.90: Apple buys NeXT []; AutoDesk's dancing baby
0.68 = 4.79: Madeleine Albright: "We think the price is worth it"
0.67 = 4.68: Tony Blair []; KSM meets ObL but doesn't join aQ
0.66 = 4.57: Lilith Festival tour []; Project for a New American Century
0.65 = 4.47: (distance to Alpha Centauri in lightyears); KSM flees FBI trap
0.64 = 4.37: Ted Turner pledges $1B to UN []; aQ trains Atta
0.63 = 4.27: Princess Di dies []; Ally McBeal []; Elvis Index []
0.62 = 4.17: Julia Butterfly's treesit []; Slashdot []; XML 1.0 []
0.61 = 4.07 = 1997: Robot Wisdom Weblog []
0.60 = 3.98: Drudge breaks Monica Lewinsky scandal []

0.59 = 3.89: Bill Gates pied []; HC's "right-wing conspiracy"
0.58 = 3.80: terror groups merge w/aQ; CIA drops ObL kidnap-plot
0.57 = 3.72: Google surfaces []; aQ attacks embassies in Africa
0.56 = 3.63: Internet Movie Database sells out to Amazon []
0.55 = 3.55: "Damascus Gate" []; Subgenius X-Day []; iMac
0.54 = 3.47: Clinton bombs Sudan pharmco []: HampsterDance []
0.53 = 3.39: Starr Report released []; McSweeney's []
0.52 = 3.31: Digital Millennium Copyright Act []
0.51 = 3.24: Sosa-McGwire homerun derby []; Furbies []
0.50 = 3.16: W's baseball-scam []; Pinochet arrested []; UNSCOM out of Iraq

0.49 = 3.09: PDB: ObL plans hijack US aircraft; HAL cooks books
0.48 = 3.02 = 1998: Viagra; PayPal []; KSM&ObL;'s "planes operation"
0.47 = 2.95: AtHome buys Excite for $6.7B []; CIA may kill ObL
0.46 = 2.88: Gore "took initiative" for Internet; KSM joins aQ
0.45 = 2.82: Britney []; McLibel verdict []; Kosovo []; ObL not shot
0.44 = 2.75: Columbine []; TiVo []; EverQuest []; NyT smears Wen Ho Lee
0.43 = 2.69: Healtheon buys WebMD for $5B []; China embassy bombed
0.42 = 2.63: Sony Aibo []; Salon IPO []; TLC's No Scrubs []; ObL not shot
0.41 = 2.57: Archimedes Plutonium retires from dishwashing []
0.40 = 2.51: CMGI buys AltaVista for $2.3B []; JFK Jr dies []

0.39 = 2.45: Pokemon []; Napster []; W's compassionate conservatism
0.38 = 2.40: East Timor votes for independence
0.37 = 2.34: Chicago heatwave []; hjckrs seek US visas
0.36 = 2.29: Epinions.com []; hjckrs train in A'stan
0.35 = 2.24: W executes Karla Faye Tucker ("Don't kill me!")
0.34 = 2.19: Shahak et al's "Jewish Fundamentalism in Israel" []
0.33 = 2.14: Seattle WTO protests [] []; Hamburg aQ cell forms
0.32 = 2.09: Mitch Glazier writes artists out of copyright law []
0.31 = 2.04: Being John Malkovich []; Topsy Turvy []; 'Millennium' plot
0.30 = 2.00 = 31Dec 1999: Y2K mania []; hjckrs study US culture

0.29 = 1.95: AOL/Time-Warner merger []; aQ meet in Malaysia
0.28 = 1.91: Oprah acquitted of beef-libel []; Hazmi, Mihdhar to LA
0.27 = 1.86: McCain slandered; Hamburg cell trains in Kandahar
0.26 = 1.82: 10Mar: Nasdaq peaks at 5,048.62
0.25 = 1.78: Elian Gonzales hype []; Atta emails US flight schools
0.24 = 1.74: Apr: Will Wright's 'The Sims' []
0.23 = 1.70: DIA's Fallis warns of aQ plot
0.22 = 1.66: ArsDigita University []
0.21 = 1.62: Atta flies via Prague
0.20 = 1.58: Tiger Woods []

0.19 = 1.55: Courtney Love defends Napster []
0.18 = 1.51 = 01Jul 2000: RC picks RC for vp
0.17 = 1.48: bipedal robot []; HTML Ulysses []
0.16 = 1.45: Civil War sub Hunley raised []
0.15 = 1.41: Florida reporter wins suit against Fox (reversed) []
0.14 = 1.38: RC dumps HAL stock
0.13 = 1.35: Arafat rejects Camp David peace plan
0.12 = 1.32: PNAC plots catalyzing 'new Pearl Harbor' []
0.11 = 1.29: Sharon incites intifada []; Predator flights over A'stan
0.10 = 1.26: Mystikal's 'Danger' []; shorter Finnegans Wake []

0.09 = 1.23: presidential 'debates' sponsored by Budweiser []
0.08 = 1.20: aQ bombs USS Cole, Fallis resigns in protest
0.07 = 1.17: W's DUI leaked; Nicholson Baker buys news archive []
0.06 = 1.15: 51% turnout for contested US election [Onion]
0.05 = 1.12: "All your base are belong to us"; HAL tanks
0.04 = 1.10: Mossad apt near hjckrs in Fla?; RC heart attack
0.03 = 1.07: along party lines, Supreme Court (!?!) chooses W
0.02 = 1.05: W hunts w/Bandar; Popo erupts []; Nasdaq nears 2500
0.01 = 1.02: Traffic []; Jazz []; Atta pilot license; BC warns W re aQ
0.00 = Dec2000: Pacifica locks out 'Democracy Now' []

-0.01 = 09Jan: W chokes on pretzel; Clarke warns W on aQ
-0.02 = 18Jan: Cali. blackouts; BC pardons 140; W inaugurated
-0.03 = 26Jan: Rumsfeld explores military options towards Iraq
-0.04 = 02Feb: Sharon elected; AHA sues W over Reagan papers
-0.05 = 10Feb: Mihdhar in Iran?; RC's energy taskforce
-0.06 = 17Feb: Powell: Saddam has no WMDs; FBI arrests Hanssen
-0.07 = 24Feb: ObL at wedding in A'stan; hjckr's farewell video
-0.08 = 03Mar: W rejects Kyoto protocol
-0.09 = 10Mar: recession officially begins
-0.10 = 17Mar: Sharon visits W at WH

-0.11 = 24Mar: EPA okays arsenic in drinking water
-0.12 = 30Mar: Italy warns W of aQ plot in USA
-0.13 = 05Apr: Moussaoui lessons in OK; Atta NOT in Prague
-0.14 = 12Apr: Enron's Lay prescribes energy policy to RC
-0.15 = 18Apr: briefing: "ObL planning multiple operations"
-0.16 = 23Apr: FAA warns hijack; Wolf. claims Iraq worse than aQ
-0.17 = 29Apr: 12 Saudi 'muscle' hjckrs begin entering USA
-0.18 = 05May: W revives Star Wars; hjckrs get drivers licenses
-0.19 = 10May: Saudi prince Abdullah criticizes W on Israel
-0.20 = 16May: RC's energy policy; CIA briefs Ashcroft on aQ

-0.21 = 21May: $43M aid to Taliban; Sen. Jeffords defects
-0.22 = 26May: Bin. visits ObL near Kandahar, WH targeted
-0.23 = 31May: Hazmi, Hanjour settle in NJ; Shehhi casing flight
-0.24 = 05Jun: Hanjour's flight lessons in NJ; W signs tax cut
-0.25 = 10Jun: Jarrah flight lessons, casing flight
-0.26 = 14Jun: KSM tells Bin. to have Atta pick date
-0.27 = 19Jun: US offers Saudis automatic visas; hjckr anthrax?
-0.28 = 23Jun: Atta/Hazmi meet; $30k fund; RC hypes Dabhol
-0.29 = 28Jun: Clarke: v. big attack; Atta cases; Freeh resigns
-0.30 = 02Jul: FBI cans Phoenix proposal to watch flight schools

-0.31 = 06Jul: Atta to Madrid; hjckrs join health clubs
-0.32 = 10Jul: David Letterman cancels Ani DiFranco appearance
-0.33 = 14Jul: Bin. phones KSM; Judicial Watch sues RC
-0.34 = 18Jul: anti-aircraft guard for W at Genoa G8 summit
-0.35 = 22Jul: aQ debates strategy; tax rebates mailed
-0.36 = 26Jul: Jarrah in Dusseldorf; Atta in Newark
-0.37 = 29Jul: Shehri to SF via Boston; W to Texas for month
-0.38 = 02Aug: Atta, Bin. fix teams, argue targets, timing
-0.39 = 05Aug: PDB: "ObL determined to strike in US"
-0.40 = 09Aug: W ends most stem-cell research

-0.41 = 12Aug: hjckrs rendezvous in Vegas; knives purchased
-0.42 = 15Aug: Minnesota FBI arrests Moussaoui; DC FBI stalls
-0.43 = 18Aug: Atta/'Jenny' posts details to Bin. via chatroom
-0.44 = 21Aug: CIA told 2 hjckrs in USA; FBI told Moussaoui aQ
-0.45 = 24Aug: Jarrah buys air charts, GPS unit; W approval 50%
-0.46 = 27Aug: next-to-last Israeli business moves out of WTC []
-0.47 = 30Aug: W claims support for Palestinian statehood
-0.48 = 02Sep: gen. alert in aQ camps; DC lessons for Hanjour
-0.49 = 05Sep: Congress back; Atta mails leftover cash to Dubai
-0.50 = 08Sep: Atta's last call to father; Massoud assassinated

-0.51 = 10Sep: W reads "My Pet Goat" with Sarasota 2nd-graders
-0.52 = 13Sep: Congress grants W unlimited war powers
-0.53 = 15Sep: EPA: WTC air no health hazard; Saudis flown home
-0.54 = 18Sep: W wants ObL "dead or alive", orders Iraq plan
-0.55 = 20Sep: Tom Ridge heads Office of Homeland Security
-0.56 = 22Sep: A'stan warplan outlined; W's approval hits 90%
-0.57 = 25Sep: Ken Lay hypes Enron stock to employees
-0.58 = 27Sep: Ari F: "Americans need to watch what they say"
-0.59 = 29Sep:
-0.60 = 01Oct:

-0.61 = 03Oct: anthrax attacks
-0.62 = 05Oct: A'stan gas-pipeline plans reviewed
-0.63 = 07Oct: USA begins bombing A'stan
-0.64 = 09Oct: ObL video; Cokie on oppos: "None that matter"
-0.65 = 11Oct: Get Your War On debuts []
-0.66 = 13Oct: Ashcroft memo guts FOIA
-0.67 = 15Oct: aQ anthrax project in Kandahar abandoned
-0.68 = 17Oct:
-0.69 = 18Oct:
-0.70 = 20Oct: 1st US Special Forces on ground in A'stan

-0.71 = 22Oct: media falsely report Atta met w/Iraq in Prague
-0.72 = 23Oct: "USA PATRIOT" Act passed
-0.73 = 25Oct: bin Ladens withdraw from Carlyle Group
-0.74 = 27Oct: Abdul Haq executed in A'stan
-0.75 = 28Oct: Ken Lay begs Don Evans for Enron relief
-0.76 = 30Oct:
-0.77 = 31Oct:
-0.78 = 01Nov: W guts 1978 Presidential Records Act
-0.79 = 03Nov:
-0.80 = 04Nov:

-0.81 = 05Nov: ObL interviewed near Kabul
-0.82 = 07Nov:
-0.83 = 08Nov: Enron reports $600M quarterly loss
-0.84 = 09Nov: Mazar-e-Sharif falls
-0.85 = 10Nov: aQ retreat to Tora Bora
-0.86 = 12Nov: fall of Kabul
-0.87 = 13Nov: US missiles target aJ in Kabul
-0.88 = 14Nov: HAL wins $140M contract with Saudis
-0.89 = 15Nov: aQ leader Mohammed Atef killed
-0.90 = 16Nov: Enron admits overstating profits

-0.91 = 17Nov:
-0.92 = 18Nov:
-0.93 = 19Nov:
-0.94 = 20Nov:
-0.95 = 21Nov:
-0.96 = 21Nov:
-0.97 = 22Nov:
-0.98 = 23Nov:
-0.99 = 24Nov:
-1.00 = 25Nov: John Walker Lindh in Mazar-e-Sharif prison riot

Condensed scale:

-1.03 = 27Nov: W shifts Pentagon toward Iraq
-1.10 = 02Dec: Enron bankrupt
-1.13 = 04Dec: 1st Iraq battle plan calls for 400k US troops
-1.14 = 05Dec: ObL still directing troops in Tora Bora
-1.18 = 07Dec: Kandahar falls
-1.27 = 11Dec: 15yo Katie Sierra suspended for antiwar t-shirt
-1.29 = 12Dec: 2nd Iraq battle plan
-1.33 = 14Dec: W withdraws USA from ABM treaty
-1.40 = 16Dec: Tora Bora taken, ObL and Omar escape
-1.44 = 18Dec: No Child Left Behind Act passed by Congress
-1.55 = 21Dec: USA bombs tribal elders on way to inauguration
-1.60 = 22Dec: Karzai inaugurated; shoebomber dud
-1.70 = 24Dec: FBI investigates Barry Reingold for criticizing W
-1.90 = 26Dec: Martha Stewart dumps ImClone stock
-2.00 = 27Dec: 3rd Iraq battle plan calls for 160k ground troops