A Survey of Gushi (original) (raw)

A Survey of Gushi

1.Introduction

Lying in the southeast tip of Henan Province. Gushi County is located at 115

�21'~115�56'E and 31�46'~32�35'N and bounded on the south by Anhui Province Ifs highest point is 1025.6 meters above sea level. and its lowest point is 23 meters above sea level-the lowest place in the province.If is sounded by the Mt. Dabie on the south. Huaihe River on the north, East China Economical Area on the cast, the Yangtze River Developing Area on the south and the Jingjiu Railway (Beijing to Kowllone on the west And No.312 Auto Specialized Road running through its southern part will be used soon No 312 State Road runs through the county from east to west. The Ningxi Railway (Nanjing to Xi'an) to be built will go through the area. And Fuyang International Airport is less than 80 kilometers away from here. Gushi is the front part transiting from east to Midwest areas. The whole area covers 2.916 square kilometers.

Gushi has a monsoon climate transiting from subtropical zone to temperate zone: mild climate, sufficient rainfall, distinctive seasons. The annually average temperature is 15.1�C, the rainfall 1.066 mm, the sunshine time 2.139 hours. Therefore, Gushi is called Land of Fish and Rice.

Gushi consists of 8 towns 25 countryside, 601 villages with a total population of 1,510,000 . Among them are 1,360,000 peasants. Gushi is the biggest county in population in Henan Province. The county proper lies in the middle part of the area. It covers an area of 15 square kilometers with 150,000 citizens.

Since the reform, great changes have taken place. Development can be found in all fields and the people's life has been improved. Great achievements have been got in economic and social cause. In 1998 the GNP here is 3.6 billion yuan. The net per capital income of the peasants is 1.783 yuan. The town citizens can use 3.363 yuan in their income.

2.History

With a long history, Gushi County was first set up in 26 AD First set up as Qin County in the early West Han Dynasty(about 206 BC~74 AD), the city got its name from Gushi Marquis whom Guangwu Emperor of East Han Dynasty(about 25~220),Liu Xiu appointed Li Tong. This name has existed for nearly 2,000 years. And Gushi County is also the birthplace of many famous people, such as Gou Zi, the ancestor of Confucius, Su Shuao, ancient water conservancy expert. Prime Minister of Kingdom of Chu. Wu Qirui, world famous botanist in Qing Dynasty(1644-1911), Zhu Qingfan, teacher of Daoguang Emperor, vice president of four Boards, Minister of Qing Dynasty.

Gushi is the family home for a large number of Fujian compatriots and Taiwan compatriots and overseas Chinese. In West Jin Dynasty (265-316), those in Gushi with 8 family names moved into Fujian. At the beginning of Tang Dynasty(618-907), Cheng Zheng, together with his son, Cheng Yuanguang and the soldiers with Gushi as their birthplace, went to Fujian and guangdong twice, opened up waste lands and finally settled in Fujian Chen Yuanguang got the fame as "Saint King for Opening UP Zhang"(Zhang a place in Fujian) in the late years of the same dynasty, Wang Shenzhi, a general of Gushi, took uprising soldiers to the south to fight against the Japanese invaders. Therefore. Fujian was united and Min(short name for Fujian )was set up formally .Wang Shenzhi was appointed for "King of Min" This is also the original family home for Zheng Chenggong, the national hero and Cheng Jiageng, the great leader of overseas Chinese.

3.Product Resources

Gushi has large open lands with areas of all kinds, such as mountain, Hilly land ,plain, low-lying land and flood land. Now it has 1,400,000 mu arable lands, 380,000 mu woodland, 180,000 mu waters for fishery. Various species of animals and plants can be found here. The staple food is rice and wheat. Industrial crops mainly contain rape, flax, cotton, peanut, soybean, tea, Maoyuan bamboo, chestnut, tung-oil tree, crude drugs, silkworm cocoon, and fruit, etc, livestock and birds mainly include pigs, goats, chick, ducks, fish, eggs, rabbits and down ,Among them, the so called "Three Birds" "Gushi Yellow Chicken", "Gushi Hot Sauce Chicken" and "Gushi White Goose", and "Gushi Huainan Pig" are the most famous food which has a long history: "Gushi pisi", tribute in Qing Dynasty, is good for health, and has great potentiality.

Gushi is rich in mineral resources. The 12 kinds of discovered metal minerals include gold, silver, lead, zinc, molybdenum, antimony, thallium, vanadium and iron, etc, and 15 kinds of non-metal minerals include coal, kaolin, crystal, heavy spar, zeolite, granite, marble, red placer, refractory clay, etc. All of them have great exploiting value.

4.Agriculture

As a large agricultural county, Gushi has been developing rapidly in countryside economy. Up to now, six staple village industries come into being. They are wicker weaving. Gushi chicken, Chinese medicinal materials. Vegetables, tobacco and aquatic products. The developing structure of industrialization is formed. The county's total production of grain is 750 million kg oil 50 million kg. flax 50 million kg. silkworm cocoon 750,000 kg. meat 65 million kg and aquatic products 22 million kg. Gushi is among the national top 100 counties as grain concerned, the national commodity grain base, the national top 100 counties as aquatic production base for commodity lean meat. It is to be listed in the national production base for oilseed.

5.Industry

Rapid progress has been made in the county and countryside industry. Gross value of the output of industry was 1.42 billion yuan in 1998. A comprehensive industrial system has been formed. Its main parts are electricity, medicine, building materials, mechanics, chemical industry.textile industry, printing and dyeing industry, food, feed-processing, etc. A large number of products sell well in the market domestic and abroad, such as Chinese and western medicine, gunny bag,bearing, column stopper fittings, explosive, down, meat, and eggs etc. In recent years, industries have been formed-wickerwork processing, livestock and birds raising and processing food and oil processing, One key enterprise-Yuan Sheng Medicine-Making limited-liability Company, and three dominant enterprise-707 Civil Explosive, HuaQi Auto inside ornamentation. Suolong Mechanics have also been formed.

6.Trade

With Hefei(the capital of Anhui Province)to the east, Wuhan(the capital of Hubei Province)to the south , and convenient land and water transportation. Gushi is flourishing in trade. It has been a distribution center of light industrial products, forestry, stock raising, fishery in south Henan, About 150 markets of all kinds have been formed, such a market system has come into being with county proper as center, towns and boundary towns as main parts and satellite towns as the base, Among those, large scale specialized markets have appeared such as food, flax, livestock and birds products, wickerwork, vegetables, forestry, special aquatic products, down and mountain products, etc. The annually trade income is near 2 billion yuan.

Foreign economic trade in Gushi has had a full development in recent years. Four enterprises have the power for import and export. Wickerwork, gunny bag, Medicine, down and honey. etc.have been sold to over 30 countries and districts, The annually earned foreign exchange is near 10 million US dollars. There foreign invested enterprises in this county.

7.Infrastructure

Recently, the infrastructure has been improved greatly. There is a surface waterworks with supply of daily 30 thousand tons water in this county. Another extension project with a supply of additional daily 60.000tons surface water is to be built. All the towns and most of the villages can use tap water. The county has set up.30000 lines of program-controlled telephones. mobile telecom. wireless paging system and multimedia communication. The power in this county is provided by East China Transmission Network and Central China Transmission Network, with return circuit. There are 12 110kv and 35kv transformer substations. The rural network and urban network transformation projects have been carried out. Another 220-thousand-KV transformer substation with investment of over 100 million yuan is to be built. The in-county road is 860 km from the Wangang Port with annually loading and unloading capacity of 370 thousand tons in Huaihe River ,ships can go to Anhui, Jiangsu, Shanghai directly. Those, together with Ningxi Railway (to be built) and Fuyang International Airport, have formed a solid transportation framework.

8.Scientific Education and Health

More than 140 educational departments with 12 thousand talents of all kinds form a county-countryside -village network. There are 875 schools run by the public or private persons, General education, adult education and vocational education advance side by side. Education TV station has been set up. And the whole county area is under the influence of education with electrical audio-visual aids. The county is flourishing in culture and there appear many talents who have achieved over 100 national or provincial awards in literature, calligraphy, drawing and music, etc. Radio and TV has been developing rapidly with light cable reaching towns and countryside. Multilevel health care system has been set up, taking county's hospital as the center, town's sanitation station as assistance and village's clinic as base. Especially the county's health infrastructure has been improved with the supply of the (H) IV. (H) Vll of World Bank.

9.Tourism and Sightseeing

Since Gushi has the historical origins with Fujian, Guangdong, Hong Kong, Macao and large Southeast Asian districts, more and more foreigners and domestic guests have come to Gushi to seek for the origin of their ancestors. The number reaches the second position in the whole country. In order to improve the sight-seeing, The county has tried hard to protect many places of historical interests and renovated General Chen's Hall. opened Mt. Jiuhua Tourism and sight-seeing area-combination of natural sight-seeing and revolutionary memorial place. With over 20 million yuan raised money from the society, Xiushui Park has been repaired with an area of over 1,000 mu. More than 20 tourist hotels with high quality have been built . The service quality and facilities have been much improved.

10.Favored Policies

1.Favored Polices in the Use of Land

The selling of the land is at a discount of 25% for the using of land by exclusive foreign investment, and a discount of 25%. foreign investment registered capital for jointly operated project.

As newly productive enterprises invested by foreign merchants concerned.1~5 mu lands for house building will be presented to those whose fixed assets investment is over 20 million yuan (or the corespondent foreign currency). The using of land if free of charge within 10 years for over 15 year's operation. As the service sector concerned. the using, of land is free of charge within 5 years, for the next 5 years is half charged. As the infrastructure projects and energy, transportation, crude materials concerned, the selling of the land is at a discount of 50~60% and the using of land is free of charge. As hi-tech enterprises, earning foreign exchange by export or high additional value enterprises concerned, the using of land may be half paid ratified by the county government after the favored period.

2).Favored policies in Tax

Foreign invested enterprises income tax rate is 30%. For the productive enterprises of over 10 years. operation, from the profit year. the income tax will not be levied in the first 2 years. and half levied from the third to the fifth year. For earning foreign exchange and hi-tech enterprises, the half income tax is still valid after the above mentioned period.

For the foreign invested enterprise which buy or annex the companies with loss of bankruptcy in the county and have over 10 years operation. employ over 60% of the workers of the former companies. and whose investment volume accounts for over 50%, and for those which transform the mainstay enterprises with hi-tech, after the above mentioned period" free tax in the first 2 years and half levied in the following 3 years", 50% of the income tax will be returned to them for five years by the financial agency by using the way of "First levy Then Return".

3).Encouraging Introduction

For the introduction of free investment. The total award is 20% of the invested volume. For the introduction of capital with paying back but without interest of over one year's using, the total award is 8% of the volume of money received. For the introductory capital of over 2 year's using. Whose interest rate is lower than the bank loan interest rate of the corresponding period, the total award is 3~5% of capital received For the introduction of foreign capital of over 3 years using the award is increased by 50% of the number mentioned above.