Thomas Kuyper | Wageningen University (original) (raw)
Papers by Thomas Kuyper
Growth response of Pterocarpus soyauxii and Lophira alata seedlings to host soil mycorrhizal inoc... more Growth response of Pterocarpus soyauxii and Lophira alata seedlings to host soil mycorrhizal inocula in relation to land use types
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Journal of Vegetation Science, 2016
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Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020
Ecological intensification seeks to achieve crop yield increases by intensifying complementary or... more Ecological intensification seeks to achieve crop yield increases by intensifying complementary or facilitative interactions between plant species or varieties. Different species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) exhibit niche differentiation and show selectivity towards certain plants, which can further enhance complementarity. It is not clear whether in the presence of one AMF species, where mycelial networks connect crop species, opportunities for complementarity effects may be reduced. We grew monocultures and mixtures of maize varieties in a greenhouse with one species of AMF, Funneliformis mosseae, during two consecutive years to investigate whether under such conditions the mycorrhizal symbiosis would affect complementarity and overyielding compared to non-mycorrhizal plants. Variety mixtures showed increased phosphatase activity and mycorrhizal colonization, enhanced phosphorus uptake and overyielding when plants were mycorrhizal. There was no overyielding when plants were non-mycorrhizal. The increase in relative yield total was due to complementarity effects. Synthesis and applications. Our study implies that appropriate agricultural management that enhances mycorrhizal fungal contribution to ecosystem services may result in overyielding in terms of yield or phosphorus uptake through mixing varieties within one crop species.
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New Phytologist, 2021
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Spring saprotrophic fruiting fungi data: 10 x 10 km grid resolution of species fruiting days (ord... more Spring saprotrophic fruiting fungi data: 10 x 10 km grid resolution of species fruiting days (ordinal day; mean, 2.5 & 97.5 percentiles plus sample sizes) aggregated across 1970-2010. Associated bioclimatic meta-data for each grid are included as well. This dataset comprises saprotrophic fungal taxa fruiting in spring
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Science of The Total Environment, 2022
Straw incorporation into soil increases carbon (C) sequestration but can induce priming effects (... more Straw incorporation into soil increases carbon (C) sequestration but can induce priming effects (PE), the enhanced breakdown of soil organic matter. The direction and magnitude of PE and the consequences for the C balance induced by straw addition depend on nitrogen (N) availability and soil management history. Using 13C-labeled maize straw, we conducted a 56-day incubation to determine the dynamics of PE and the underlying microbial mechanisms after straw and/or mineral N addition to three soils with contrasting cultivation and fertilization histories, i) unfertilized soil (Unfertilized), ii) 8 years farmyard manure amended soil (Manured), and iii) abandoned cropland soil (Abandoned). 13C-PLFAs (phospholipid fatty acids) were analyzed to identify microbial groups utilizing straw and to explore their contribution to the PE. Straw addition increased microbial biomass (MBC), activities of enzymes related to the C and N cycles, and changed microbial community composition. SOC decomposition was enhanced by microbes activated by straw addition, leading to a positive cumulative PE ranging from 494 to 789 μg C g-1 soil. The magnitude of positive PE and straw decomposition in the manured soil was higher than that in the unfertilized and abandoned soils due to larger MBC and higher enzyme activities, resulting in a lower net SOC gain. Compared with straw only, the combination of straw addition with N fertilizer did not influence MBC, but increased positive PE (average increase of 18.1%) and straw decomposition (17.1%), further limiting SOC gain. 13C-labeled fungi: bacteria ratios and Gram-positive (G+): negative (G-) bacteria ratios increased with the increasing PE after N fertilization, but soil-derived (un-labeled) PLFAs remained stable. Random forest analysis further showed that straw C-assimilating microbial attributes are important predictors in driving the greater PE after N addition. Our study highlights the importance of straw C-assimilating fungi and G+ bacteria in mediating N-induced PE in arable soils.
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Conventional wisdom considers the mycorrhizal symbiosis as mutualistic because both the mycorrhiz... more Conventional wisdom considers the mycorrhizal symbiosis as mutualistic because both the mycorrhizal fungus and the mycorrhizal plant potentially benefit from the exchange of nutrients and carbon (C). Cases in which mycorrhizal plants are smaller than nonmycorrhizal plants have been reported (Klironomos, 2003). While these cases are often considered exceptions, they raise an important question of partner control. How do plant and fungal partners ensure that they are getting a ‘fair-deal’ for the resources they are trading, and avoid being cheated (Ghoul et al., 2014)? Does engaging in amutualistic partnership translate into consistent andmeasurable benefits? Recently, N€asholm et al. (2013) explicitly addressed the question of whether ectomycorrhizal fungi alleviate or aggravate nitrogen (N) limitation of conifers in boreal forests. They concluded that, in these systems, ectomycorrhizal fungi immobilize large quantities of N and thus drive N limitation for host plants. In this issue ...
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During the last few years a large number of new mushroom genera have been described. In many case... more During the last few years a large number of new mushroom genera have been described. In many cases such new genera were proposed as a consequence of molecular phylogenetic research, whereas morphological support for these genera was in a number of cases not presented. In this paper we discuss a number of these changes (boletes, the previous genus Clitocybe; in both cases a large number of new genera were proposed). We also ask the question to what extent such changes have to be followed. At the end we introduce a number of criteria that are helpful in judging whether such new genera are indeed indicative of taxonomical progress. It is clear that many of the new genera do not (yet) fulfil these criteria
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Recently the well-known genus Amanita has been split into two genera, Amanita, a genus of putativ... more Recently the well-known genus Amanita has been split into two genera, Amanita, a genus of putatively ectomycorrhizal fungi, and Saproamanita, a genus of putatively saprotrophic fungi. We disagree with this generic split and argue why Amanita should not be split. The proposal to split the genus does not conform to the recently proposed guidelines for publishing new genera. Concise amended characterizations are provided for the monophyletic family Amanitaceae and its two monophyletic genera Amanita and Limacella.2 The characterization of Amanita rests on a single, unique synapomorphy—schizohymenial ontogeny in its agaricoid and secotioid taxa. We propose a minimal reorganization of Amanita—removal of stirps Hesleri from subsection Vittadiniae. Some open issues in Amanita systematics are discussed. Amanita is an emblematic genus and the focus of diverse research programs. Taxonomists and users of taxonomic and systematic products are used to, and rely on, Amanita as a genus with meanin...
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Ecosystem Services, 2020
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Ecography, 2017
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Mycopathologia, 2006
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Geoderma Regional, 2015
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Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 2014
ABSTRACT The need to feed nine billion people in 2050 has given rise to widespread debate in scie... more ABSTRACT The need to feed nine billion people in 2050 has given rise to widespread debate in science and policy circles. The debate is largely framed in neo-Malthusian terms, and elements of global food security (resilience of the food system, food quantity and quality, right to and access to food) demand equal attention. High-intensive agriculture, which enabled population growth and food for a large proportion of the global population, is often regarded as incompatible with current environmental (and social) sustainability. Because of the often problematic nature of high-intensive industrialized agriculture, sustainable agricultural intensification has been called an oxymoron. Pathways to sustainably intensify agriculture vary from business-as-usual to claims that a radical rethinking of our agricultural production is imperative. Three terms have been coined to differentiate such pathways. Whereas conventional intensification, that is business-as-usual, is uncontroversial (but often considered unlikely to be able to achieve environmental sustainability), the phrases sustainable intensification and ecological intensification both have a complex history. Although one could think that they have similar meanings, the phrases represent very different perspectives in discourses in science and policy circles. The terms Utopians and Arcadians are introduced for adherents of those perspectives. We observe that they both devote insufficient attention to inevitable trade-offs. Agricultural intensification in developing countries was greatly accelerated by the Green Revolution, which largely bypassed sub-Saharan Africa. Discontent with that outcome has led to a plethora of new terms to indicate more successful next steps for sub-Saharan agriculture. Industrialized agriculture as currently practised in developed countries will not provide a universal solution. This epilogue of the special issue and the literature herein show that intense debates on sustainable agricultural intensification are needed. Such debates on intensification demand reflection on the role of scientists with regard to their uses of current and the generation of novel knowledge.
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Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 2014
ABSTRACT The need to feed nine billion people in 2050 has given rise to widespread debate in scie... more ABSTRACT The need to feed nine billion people in 2050 has given rise to widespread debate in science and policy circles. The debate is largely framed in neo-Malthusian terms, and elements of global food security (resilience of the food system, food quantity and quality, right to and access to food) demand equal attention. High-intensive agriculture, which enabled population growth and food for a large proportion of the global population, is often regarded as incompatible with current environmental (and social) sustainability. Because of the often problematic nature of high-intensive industrialized agriculture, sustainable agricultural intensification has been called an oxymoron. Pathways to sustainably intensify agriculture vary from business-as-usual to claims that a radical rethinking of our agricultural production is imperative. Three terms have been coined to differentiate such pathways. Whereas conventional intensification, that is business-as-usual, is uncontroversial (but often considered unlikely to be able to achieve environmental sustainability), the phrases sustainable intensification and ecological intensification both have a complex history. Although one could think that they have similar meanings, the phrases represent very different perspectives in discourses in science and policy circles. The terms Utopians and Arcadians are introduced for adherents of those perspectives. We observe that they both devote insufficient attention to inevitable trade-offs. Agricultural intensification in developing countries was greatly accelerated by the Green Revolution, which largely bypassed sub-Saharan Africa. Discontent with that outcome has led to a plethora of new terms to indicate more successful next steps for sub-Saharan agriculture. Industrialized agriculture as currently practised in developed countries will not provide a universal solution. This epilogue of the special issue and the literature herein show that intense debates on sustainable agricultural intensification are needed. Such debates on intensification demand reflection on the role of scientists with regard to their uses of current and the generation of novel knowledge.
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Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 2014
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Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 2014
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ABSTRACT In het kader van het onderzoeksprogramma 'Biologische productiesystemen in de ak... more ABSTRACT In het kader van het onderzoeksprogramma 'Biologische productiesystemen in de akkerbouw en vollegrondsgroenteteelt' is de afgelopen vier jaar onderzoek gedaan naar de mogelijkheden die veredeling kan bieden om het wortelstelsel van uien te verbeteren. Dit lijkt mogelijk door specifieke soortkruisingen met stengelui (Japanse bladui) en Allium roylei, met als bijkomend voordeel dat naast de selectie op een beter type wortelstelsel ook geselecteerd kan worden op resistentie tegen de bladschimmels valse meeldauw en bladvlekkenziekte. Een opvallend onderzoeksresultaat was het effect van arbusculaire mycorrhiza (AM) op het verbeteren van het wortelstelsel en de productiviteit van stengelui, en mogelijk ook ui
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Mycorrhiza, 2009
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Growth response of Pterocarpus soyauxii and Lophira alata seedlings to host soil mycorrhizal inoc... more Growth response of Pterocarpus soyauxii and Lophira alata seedlings to host soil mycorrhizal inocula in relation to land use types
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Journal of Vegetation Science, 2016
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020
Ecological intensification seeks to achieve crop yield increases by intensifying complementary or... more Ecological intensification seeks to achieve crop yield increases by intensifying complementary or facilitative interactions between plant species or varieties. Different species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) exhibit niche differentiation and show selectivity towards certain plants, which can further enhance complementarity. It is not clear whether in the presence of one AMF species, where mycelial networks connect crop species, opportunities for complementarity effects may be reduced. We grew monocultures and mixtures of maize varieties in a greenhouse with one species of AMF, Funneliformis mosseae, during two consecutive years to investigate whether under such conditions the mycorrhizal symbiosis would affect complementarity and overyielding compared to non-mycorrhizal plants. Variety mixtures showed increased phosphatase activity and mycorrhizal colonization, enhanced phosphorus uptake and overyielding when plants were mycorrhizal. There was no overyielding when plants were non-mycorrhizal. The increase in relative yield total was due to complementarity effects. Synthesis and applications. Our study implies that appropriate agricultural management that enhances mycorrhizal fungal contribution to ecosystem services may result in overyielding in terms of yield or phosphorus uptake through mixing varieties within one crop species.
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
New Phytologist, 2021
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Spring saprotrophic fruiting fungi data: 10 x 10 km grid resolution of species fruiting days (ord... more Spring saprotrophic fruiting fungi data: 10 x 10 km grid resolution of species fruiting days (ordinal day; mean, 2.5 & 97.5 percentiles plus sample sizes) aggregated across 1970-2010. Associated bioclimatic meta-data for each grid are included as well. This dataset comprises saprotrophic fungal taxa fruiting in spring
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Science of The Total Environment, 2022
Straw incorporation into soil increases carbon (C) sequestration but can induce priming effects (... more Straw incorporation into soil increases carbon (C) sequestration but can induce priming effects (PE), the enhanced breakdown of soil organic matter. The direction and magnitude of PE and the consequences for the C balance induced by straw addition depend on nitrogen (N) availability and soil management history. Using 13C-labeled maize straw, we conducted a 56-day incubation to determine the dynamics of PE and the underlying microbial mechanisms after straw and/or mineral N addition to three soils with contrasting cultivation and fertilization histories, i) unfertilized soil (Unfertilized), ii) 8 years farmyard manure amended soil (Manured), and iii) abandoned cropland soil (Abandoned). 13C-PLFAs (phospholipid fatty acids) were analyzed to identify microbial groups utilizing straw and to explore their contribution to the PE. Straw addition increased microbial biomass (MBC), activities of enzymes related to the C and N cycles, and changed microbial community composition. SOC decomposition was enhanced by microbes activated by straw addition, leading to a positive cumulative PE ranging from 494 to 789 μg C g-1 soil. The magnitude of positive PE and straw decomposition in the manured soil was higher than that in the unfertilized and abandoned soils due to larger MBC and higher enzyme activities, resulting in a lower net SOC gain. Compared with straw only, the combination of straw addition with N fertilizer did not influence MBC, but increased positive PE (average increase of 18.1%) and straw decomposition (17.1%), further limiting SOC gain. 13C-labeled fungi: bacteria ratios and Gram-positive (G+): negative (G-) bacteria ratios increased with the increasing PE after N fertilization, but soil-derived (un-labeled) PLFAs remained stable. Random forest analysis further showed that straw C-assimilating microbial attributes are important predictors in driving the greater PE after N addition. Our study highlights the importance of straw C-assimilating fungi and G+ bacteria in mediating N-induced PE in arable soils.
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Conventional wisdom considers the mycorrhizal symbiosis as mutualistic because both the mycorrhiz... more Conventional wisdom considers the mycorrhizal symbiosis as mutualistic because both the mycorrhizal fungus and the mycorrhizal plant potentially benefit from the exchange of nutrients and carbon (C). Cases in which mycorrhizal plants are smaller than nonmycorrhizal plants have been reported (Klironomos, 2003). While these cases are often considered exceptions, they raise an important question of partner control. How do plant and fungal partners ensure that they are getting a ‘fair-deal’ for the resources they are trading, and avoid being cheated (Ghoul et al., 2014)? Does engaging in amutualistic partnership translate into consistent andmeasurable benefits? Recently, N€asholm et al. (2013) explicitly addressed the question of whether ectomycorrhizal fungi alleviate or aggravate nitrogen (N) limitation of conifers in boreal forests. They concluded that, in these systems, ectomycorrhizal fungi immobilize large quantities of N and thus drive N limitation for host plants. In this issue ...
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
During the last few years a large number of new mushroom genera have been described. In many case... more During the last few years a large number of new mushroom genera have been described. In many cases such new genera were proposed as a consequence of molecular phylogenetic research, whereas morphological support for these genera was in a number of cases not presented. In this paper we discuss a number of these changes (boletes, the previous genus Clitocybe; in both cases a large number of new genera were proposed). We also ask the question to what extent such changes have to be followed. At the end we introduce a number of criteria that are helpful in judging whether such new genera are indeed indicative of taxonomical progress. It is clear that many of the new genera do not (yet) fulfil these criteria
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Recently the well-known genus Amanita has been split into two genera, Amanita, a genus of putativ... more Recently the well-known genus Amanita has been split into two genera, Amanita, a genus of putatively ectomycorrhizal fungi, and Saproamanita, a genus of putatively saprotrophic fungi. We disagree with this generic split and argue why Amanita should not be split. The proposal to split the genus does not conform to the recently proposed guidelines for publishing new genera. Concise amended characterizations are provided for the monophyletic family Amanitaceae and its two monophyletic genera Amanita and Limacella.2 The characterization of Amanita rests on a single, unique synapomorphy—schizohymenial ontogeny in its agaricoid and secotioid taxa. We propose a minimal reorganization of Amanita—removal of stirps Hesleri from subsection Vittadiniae. Some open issues in Amanita systematics are discussed. Amanita is an emblematic genus and the focus of diverse research programs. Taxonomists and users of taxonomic and systematic products are used to, and rely on, Amanita as a genus with meanin...
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Ecosystem Services, 2020
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Ecography, 2017
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Mycopathologia, 2006
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Geoderma Regional, 2015
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Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 2014
ABSTRACT The need to feed nine billion people in 2050 has given rise to widespread debate in scie... more ABSTRACT The need to feed nine billion people in 2050 has given rise to widespread debate in science and policy circles. The debate is largely framed in neo-Malthusian terms, and elements of global food security (resilience of the food system, food quantity and quality, right to and access to food) demand equal attention. High-intensive agriculture, which enabled population growth and food for a large proportion of the global population, is often regarded as incompatible with current environmental (and social) sustainability. Because of the often problematic nature of high-intensive industrialized agriculture, sustainable agricultural intensification has been called an oxymoron. Pathways to sustainably intensify agriculture vary from business-as-usual to claims that a radical rethinking of our agricultural production is imperative. Three terms have been coined to differentiate such pathways. Whereas conventional intensification, that is business-as-usual, is uncontroversial (but often considered unlikely to be able to achieve environmental sustainability), the phrases sustainable intensification and ecological intensification both have a complex history. Although one could think that they have similar meanings, the phrases represent very different perspectives in discourses in science and policy circles. The terms Utopians and Arcadians are introduced for adherents of those perspectives. We observe that they both devote insufficient attention to inevitable trade-offs. Agricultural intensification in developing countries was greatly accelerated by the Green Revolution, which largely bypassed sub-Saharan Africa. Discontent with that outcome has led to a plethora of new terms to indicate more successful next steps for sub-Saharan agriculture. Industrialized agriculture as currently practised in developed countries will not provide a universal solution. This epilogue of the special issue and the literature herein show that intense debates on sustainable agricultural intensification are needed. Such debates on intensification demand reflection on the role of scientists with regard to their uses of current and the generation of novel knowledge.
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 2014
ABSTRACT The need to feed nine billion people in 2050 has given rise to widespread debate in scie... more ABSTRACT The need to feed nine billion people in 2050 has given rise to widespread debate in science and policy circles. The debate is largely framed in neo-Malthusian terms, and elements of global food security (resilience of the food system, food quantity and quality, right to and access to food) demand equal attention. High-intensive agriculture, which enabled population growth and food for a large proportion of the global population, is often regarded as incompatible with current environmental (and social) sustainability. Because of the often problematic nature of high-intensive industrialized agriculture, sustainable agricultural intensification has been called an oxymoron. Pathways to sustainably intensify agriculture vary from business-as-usual to claims that a radical rethinking of our agricultural production is imperative. Three terms have been coined to differentiate such pathways. Whereas conventional intensification, that is business-as-usual, is uncontroversial (but often considered unlikely to be able to achieve environmental sustainability), the phrases sustainable intensification and ecological intensification both have a complex history. Although one could think that they have similar meanings, the phrases represent very different perspectives in discourses in science and policy circles. The terms Utopians and Arcadians are introduced for adherents of those perspectives. We observe that they both devote insufficient attention to inevitable trade-offs. Agricultural intensification in developing countries was greatly accelerated by the Green Revolution, which largely bypassed sub-Saharan Africa. Discontent with that outcome has led to a plethora of new terms to indicate more successful next steps for sub-Saharan agriculture. Industrialized agriculture as currently practised in developed countries will not provide a universal solution. This epilogue of the special issue and the literature herein show that intense debates on sustainable agricultural intensification are needed. Such debates on intensification demand reflection on the role of scientists with regard to their uses of current and the generation of novel knowledge.
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 2014
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 2014
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
ABSTRACT In het kader van het onderzoeksprogramma 'Biologische productiesystemen in de ak... more ABSTRACT In het kader van het onderzoeksprogramma 'Biologische productiesystemen in de akkerbouw en vollegrondsgroenteteelt' is de afgelopen vier jaar onderzoek gedaan naar de mogelijkheden die veredeling kan bieden om het wortelstelsel van uien te verbeteren. Dit lijkt mogelijk door specifieke soortkruisingen met stengelui (Japanse bladui) en Allium roylei, met als bijkomend voordeel dat naast de selectie op een beter type wortelstelsel ook geselecteerd kan worden op resistentie tegen de bladschimmels valse meeldauw en bladvlekkenziekte. Een opvallend onderzoeksresultaat was het effect van arbusculaire mycorrhiza (AM) op het verbeteren van het wortelstelsel en de productiviteit van stengelui, en mogelijk ook ui
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Mycorrhiza, 2009
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact