Charles Perdue | West Virginia State University (original) (raw)
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Papers by Charles Perdue
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 1990
Abstract Two studies were conducted which provided evidence that ageism (the differential associa... more Abstract Two studies were conducted which provided evidence that ageism (the differential association of negative traits with the aged) has an “automatic” cognitive component. Experiment 1 found that the incidental learning of trait descriptors was different depending upon whether they were encountered in questions concerning “old” persons or “young” persons; in an unannounced memory test, more negative traits were recalled when they had been encoded with reference to an “old” person, and positive traits were retrieved more often when they had been encountered in a question about a “young” person. Experiment 2 showed that the labels “old” and “young” had the effect of increasing the accessibility of associated traits in semantic memory. Subjects were found to make decisions concerning negative traits more quickly after being primed with “old” than after being primed with “young” (the reverse being true for positive traits). These age biases can be unintentional annd unconscious. The semantic priming effects were obtained despite the fact that the labels “old” and “young” were visually “masked” so as to be outside of the subject's conscious awareness.
Journal of Personality and Social …, 1990
Three studies tested the hypothesis that the use of words referring to in-group or out-group stat... more Three studies tested the hypothesis that the use of words referring to in-group or out-group status (such as us or them) may unconsciously perpetuate intergroup biases. In Experiment 1, nonsense syllables unobtrusively paired with in-group designating pronouns (e.g., we) were rated as more pleasant than syllables paired with out-group designators (e.g, they). In Experiment 2, in-group and out-group designators presented briefly to Ss as masked primes were found to influence the time required for Ss to evaluate subsequently presented trait adjectives, even though Ss were unaware of the group-designating primes. In Experiment 3, the masked prime we facilitated S reaction times to positive person descriptors, as compared to the effects of the masked prime they and the masked control prime xxx. The pronoun they; however, did not significantly facilitate S decisions concerning negative person descriptors.
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 1990
Abstract Two studies were conducted which provided evidence that ageism (the differential associa... more Abstract Two studies were conducted which provided evidence that ageism (the differential association of negative traits with the aged) has an “automatic” cognitive component. Experiment 1 found that the incidental learning of trait descriptors was different depending upon whether they were encountered in questions concerning “old” persons or “young” persons; in an unannounced memory test, more negative traits were recalled when they had been encoded with reference to an “old” person, and positive traits were retrieved more often when they had been encountered in a question about a “young” person. Experiment 2 showed that the labels “old” and “young” had the effect of increasing the accessibility of associated traits in semantic memory. Subjects were found to make decisions concerning negative traits more quickly after being primed with “old” than after being primed with “young” (the reverse being true for positive traits). These age biases can be unintentional annd unconscious. The semantic priming effects were obtained despite the fact that the labels “old” and “young” were visually “masked” so as to be outside of the subject's conscious awareness.
Journal of Personality and Social …, 1990
Three studies tested the hypothesis that the use of words referring to in-group or out-group stat... more Three studies tested the hypothesis that the use of words referring to in-group or out-group status (such as us or them) may unconsciously perpetuate intergroup biases. In Experiment 1, nonsense syllables unobtrusively paired with in-group designating pronouns (e.g., we) were rated as more pleasant than syllables paired with out-group designators (e.g, they). In Experiment 2, in-group and out-group designators presented briefly to Ss as masked primes were found to influence the time required for Ss to evaluate subsequently presented trait adjectives, even though Ss were unaware of the group-designating primes. In Experiment 3, the masked prime we facilitated S reaction times to positive person descriptors, as compared to the effects of the masked prime they and the masked control prime xxx. The pronoun they; however, did not significantly facilitate S decisions concerning negative person descriptors.