Degradation of Epoxy–Particles Composites Exposed to UV and Gamma Radiation (original) (raw)
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Effects of Extreme Radiation Environment on Composite Materials
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ABSTRACTFuture manned space travel will go beyond the Lower Earth Orbit into deep space exploration and providing protection from space radiation is a major challenge. It is essential to study the effects of the space environment on materials to ensure safe and successful missions.This paper summarized the studies of two materials, in-site regolith composites and LTM 45 composites, for potential applications in space radiation environments. The effects of radiation on the mechanical and thermal properties of the composites were investigated. The radiation shielding effectiveness of in-situ composites and low temperature molding materials was analyzed. The work was part of the efforts in study and development of the multifunctiaonal materials for long-term radiation exposures to ensure effective radiation shielding and maintaining integrity of materials' mechanical and thermal properties for future space missions.
Some physical behavior of Epoxy/Lead composites for various doses of radiation
The researchers analyzed the possible effect (pause-long and tensile strength) of gamma irradiation on certain physical properties utilizing an Instron Tensile test.. A series of composites has been prepared by adding lead powder and lead shots with different masses to the epoxy resin. The influence of gamma radiation on the traction behavior of the composite's mechanical characteristics given the damage of the radiation-related reactions was analyzed.. The observed results remarks that the changes in the color of epoxy composites, color varied from yellow up to dark brown gradually as a result of different radiation doses effect of radiation exposure to the composites. Gamma radiation's effect on mechanical properties was also studied. Gamma radiation improved the mechanical properties up to a certain level, and then started to decrease.
Gamma-irradiation influence on the mechanical and electrical properties of epoxy and nanocomposites
ASAT 20 Conference, 2023
The space environment hazards are becoming harsh as they affect both the mechanical and electrical properties of the polymer-based reinforced fiber materials in spacecraft. The structure materials changes by Gamma-irradiation often deteriorate the epoxy matrix or the epoxy/nano-composite properties. As a result, the effect of gamma irradiation on the mechanical and electrical properties of the selected materials were evaluated. The mechanical properties and electrical resistivity of nanocomposites were studied by a universal testing system (UTS) and Keithley 2635A System Source Meter respectively. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) functioned to assess the chemical structural variation due to the gamma-ray exposure. Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) was conducted to obtain the Tan delta, loss and storage modulus of each sample. The result showed enrichment in both the mechanical properties and the electrical conductivity of Epoxy/MWCNT's nanocomposites.
Polymer Testing, 2021
The extensive application of polymer composites in the ionizing radiation conditions leads to durability issues where performance for a long run under the radiation environment is related. For the products, such as space applications; it is expected to have about 20 to 30 years of durability. In the case of polymer composites, the reactive intermediates like free radicals present in the polymers are capable of initiating chemical reactions resulting in scission and cross-linking on irradiation. It may result in the failure of material under the application. In the current work, polymer composites are developed to withstand such chemical reactions prepared by using different fillers and stabilizers and carried out decomposition studies to predict the stability of developed materials under ionizing radiation conditions. The lifetime is estimated by studying decomposition kinetics. The lifetime estimated for all developed samples is found around 20 to 45 years at 50 • C which is desired for a device under the nuclear environment.
RADIATION BEHAVIOUR OF NANOCOMPOSITE EPOXY MATERIAL
Acoperirile epoxy modificate cu dioxid de titan (rutil) şi silice la diferite concentraţii până la 10%, au fost investigate pentru evaluarea rezistivităţii electrice şi modificarea calităţii suprafeţei după expunerea la îmbătrânire accelerată în câmp de radiaţii gamma. Au fost înregistrate schimbările de proprietăţi după iradieri la diferite doze de radiaţii gama (0, 10, 20, şi 50 kGy). Influenţa mediilor de degradare în care se face expunerea la radiaţii a fost realizată în două medii (aer şi apă distilată) la iradieri de energie ridicată, pentru a evalua comparativ, contribuţia produselor de radioliză a apei asupra materialului supus testării.
Composites Part B: Engineering, 2014
In certain applications plastic materials are getting irradiated while in end use. High energy irradiation leads to the auto-oxidation and degradation. The primary approach for stabilization against post irradiation degradation is to use appropriate stabilisers. In this research work, an experimental analysis of the effect of dose rate of gamma irradiation on epoxy resin based samples prepared by using combinations of primary and secondary stabilisers is presented. The chemistry, reaction mechanisms and morphology changes are studied and its effect on mechanical properties is observed. The results show an improvement of mechanical strength as dose increases, indicating cross-linking over oxidative degradation.
Effect of high gamma irradiation doses on structure and morphology properties for Epoxy resins
Optik, 2021
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Comparative Study of Gamma- Ray Shielding Parameters for Different Epoxy Composites
Baghdad Science Journal
In the current work various types of epoxy composites were added to concrete to enhance its effectiveness as a gamma- ray shield. Four epoxy samples of (E/clay/B4C) S1, (E/Mag/B4C) S2, (EPIL) S3 and (Ep) S4 were used in a comparative study of gamma radiation attenuation properties of these shields that calculating using Mont Carlo code (MCNP-5). Adopting Win X-com software and Artificial Neural Network (ANN), µ/ρ revealed great compliance with MCNP-5. By applying (µ/ρ) output for gamma at different energies, HVL, TVL and MFP have been also estimated. ANN technique was simulated to estimate (µ/ρ) and dose rates. According to the results, µ/ρ of all epoxy samples scored higher than standard concrete. Both S2 and S3 samples having higher values of µ/ρ, show minimum dose rate values. (µ/ρ) and RPE% values were enhanced, the concrete containing E/Mag/B4C (S2) had the best results, while the concrete containing Ep (S4) provide the worst results. The ANN prediction results take 15 sec for ...
Atomic oxygen degradation mechanisms of epoxy composites for space applications
Polymer Degradation and Stability
The effects of atomic oxygen on three commercial composite materials, based on two space-qualified epoxy resins (tetraglycidyl-4,4 0 -diaminodiphenylmethane (TGDDM) cured with a blend of 4,4 0 -methylenebis(2,6-diethylaniline) and 4,4 0 -methylenebis(2-isopropyl-6-methylaniline); and a blend of TGDDM, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA), and epoxidised novolak resin initiated by N'-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N,N-dimethylurea) are studied. Samples were exposed to a total fluence of (3.82 Â 10 20 atom/cm 2 ), equating to a period of 43 days in low Earth orbit. The flexural rigidity and modulus of all laminates displayed a reduction of 5e10% after the first exposure (equivalent to 20 days in orbit). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, obtained during prolonged exposure to atomic oxygen, were interpreted using multivariate analysis to explore the degradation mechanisms.