A Comparative Study of Faine’s Criteria, Modified Faine’s Criteria, and Microscopic Serum Agglutination Test to Diagnose the Leptospirosis (original) (raw)

2019, Indian Journal of Child Health

eptospirosis is a zoonotic disease of global significance with the incidence ranges from approximately 0.1-1/100,000 year in temperate climates to 10-100/100,000 in the humid tropics [1,2]. The incidence rate in India is 50/100,000/ year. The WHO outbreak verification list reported an increase in the cases of leptospirosis in the state of Kerala, India, after the monsoon rains with 616 cases with 53 deaths [3]. Annually 58,900 deaths are due to several cases of leptospirosis worldwide [4]. The mortality rate in the cases of severe leptospirosis is in the range of 5-40%. The mild form (90%) of the illness is rarely fatal [5]. Wide varieties of serological tests are available with varying sensitivity and specificity. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunoglobulin M (IgM), IgM-specific dot-ELISA, LEPTO-DIPSTICK, slide agglutination method, Dri-Dot assay, complement fixation assay, latex agglutination, indirect hemagglutination test, and indirect immunofluorescence test are to name a few [6].

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