Discourse as a Phenomenon of Culture (original) (raw)

2022, INNOVATIVE PATHWAY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN PHILOLOGICAL SCIENCES IN UKRAINE AND EU COUNTRIES

anthropological perspective has involved treating language as a component of culture" 3. 1. Culture as a mediating system in the study of discourse As has been rightly noted by the representatives of linguistic anthropology E. Keating and A. Duranti in their work "Discourse and Culture", "Discourse <…> is what makes human cultures possible and unique". They view the phenomenon of culture from several perspectives. Thus, the cognitive point of view describes culture as a knowledgebased view of culture; the semiotic point of view equates culture with communication (culture is communication), presenting it as a representation system existing through myths, rituals 4. Following the perspectives of linguistic anthropologists, culture can be described as a mediating system or as a way in which people learn to use tools and mechanisms, including language. Interestingly, they emphasise the role of language in discourse or as a mediator between past and present, potential and existing, given in reality and imagined. In this respect, the concept of cooperative action by Ch. Goodwin 5 can be discussed in more detail. According to the author's observations, cooperative actions are at the heart of culture as a whole, as such actions involve using resources left behind by anonymous predecessorsmaterial artefacts (not only specialised tools such as Mansell's colour atlas or a sophisticated oceanographic instrument, but also the most familiar things like kitchen utensils), language signs, categories of professional discourse. In this way, Ch. Goodwin sought to show that all human activities, every cultural form, can be described in terms of cooperative action. With regard to language, Ch. Goodwin emphasised the need for an integral approach, the use of which involves analysing speech activity, discourse, from both a linguistic perspective and a social action perspective, "since both are carried out simultaneously by speakers" 5. 3 Bargiella-Chiappini F. Interculturality, "culture-in-use", and intercultural business discourse. Communication in the professions.