Molecular Interactions in Binary Mixtures of Benzene with 1-Alkanols (C5, C7, C8) at 35 °C: An Ultrasonic Study (original) (raw)
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PSYCHOLOGY AND EDUCATION, 2020
Ultrasonic velocity, density and kinematic viscosity for the binary mixtures of benzyl benzoate with 2-methoxyethanol, 2ethoxyethanol and 2-butoxyethanol measured experimentally over the entire composition range at constant temperatures 303.15, 313.15 and 323.15 K. Using this data calculated excess thermo dynamic parameters such as excess molar volume, excess free length, excess Gibbs activation energy, deviation in isentropic compressibility and deviation in kinematic viscosity. In the light of excess/deviation parameters estimated the molecular interaction between above binary mixtures. Excess molar volume, excess free length, deviation in isentropic compressibility and deviation in kinematic viscosity are fitted to Redlich-Kister polynomial equation of fourth order. An attempt is made to express the molecular interaction based on Partial molar volumes. In this study correlate the viscosities of binary liquid mixture of benzyl benzoate with 2-alkaxyethanols using equations Grunberg-Nissan (GN), Katti-Chowdary (KC), Tamura-Kurata (TK), Hind et al.(Hind), Auslander (Aus) and Jouyban-Acree (JA). The ultrasonic study reveals that the strength of molecular interactions at all the temperature follows the order BB+BE>BB+EE> BB+ME.
The ultrasonic velocity, density and viscosity values have been measured at 288 K, 298 K, 308 K and 318 K in the ternary system of N,N-dimethylformamide, cyclohexane and benzene. From these experimental data, acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility (β), free length (L f), free volume (V f), internal pressure (П i), relaxation time (τ), Gibb's free energy (∆G), acoustic impedance (Z) and their excess values have been estimated using the standard relations. The results are interpreted in terms of molecular interaction between the components of the mixtures.
The study of molecular interaction using ultrasonic technique in the binary liquid mixture of Ethanol + Glycerol as a function of the composition has been carried out at four different temperatures 3030K, 3080K, 3130K and 3180K and a fixed frequency 5MHz. The thermo-acoustic parameters such as Adiabatic compressibility (β), Intermolecular free length (Lf), Free volume (Vf), Internal pressure (πi), Relaxation time (τ) and Gibb’s free energy(ΔG*), and their excess values are evaluated from the measured values of Ultrasonic velocity (U), Density (ρ) and Viscosity (η). The molecular interaction present in the liquid mixtures such as hydrogen- bonding, dipole-dipole association, acceptor-donor and electrostriction are analyzed on the basis of these parameters. The negative values of these excess parameters suggest the presence of dipolar and dispersive interaction between the components of the molecule in the mixture while the positive values of excess thermo-acoustic parameters suggest the presence of weak interactions between the unlike molecules in the liquid mixtures.
The density (ρ) and ultrasonic velocity (U) in binary mixture of isobutyl methyl ketone(MIBK) and acetone at constant frequency 2MHz have been measured at 308K. These data have been used to compute adiabatic compressibility (K s), intermolecular free length (L f), acoustic impedance (Z), molar volume (V m), molar sound velocity(R m), molar compressibility (B), available volume (V a), Lennard Jones potential repulsive term exponent(n), relative association(R a), interaction parameter (χ) and excess values of some of the above parameters for the entire range of mole fraction of MIBK and are interpreted to explain intermolecular interactions occurring in the liquid mixture.
I. Introduction Recent development in science have found profound applications of liquid mixtures in the field of medicine, engineering, agriculture and other industrial applications, the study and understanding of thermodynamic and transport properties are more essential [1, 2]. Measurement of density and ultrasonic velocity has been adequately employed in understanding the molecular interactions in pure, binary, and higher order multi component liquid mixtures [3, 4]. The propagation of ultrasonic velocity in a medium is a thermodynamic property and has come to be recognized as a very specific and unique tool for predicting and estimating various physico-chemical properties of the liquid mixtures under consideration [5-7]. In recent years, there has been considerable interest in theoretical and experimental investigations of the excess thermodynamic properties of binary mixtures. In principle, the interaction between the molecules can be established from the study of the characteristic departure from ideal behaviour of some physical properties (i.e., volume, compressibility, and viscosity). The excess thermodynamic functions are sensitive to the intermolecular forces as well as to the size of the molecules. In order to study all these molecular-kinetic properties of liquids and liquid mixtures, low amplitude ultrasonic wave is very valuable. Ultrasonic methods have established a permanent place in science and new applications and found for the solution of many theoretical and practical problems. Most important features of ultrasonic systems are robustness, non-invasiveness, precision, low cost, rapidity and easy automation. Sometimes it become difficult to do thermo-acoustical study with actual liquid mixture system, in such cases mixtures of models compounds, often called surrogate mixtures, are useful for building an understanding of the physical properties and chemical reactions of complex fuel mixtures. Surrogate fuels can provide a baseline for engine performance, and they can help in making predictions for the more complex fuel [8-10]. A detail survey of literature shows that very less work has been done for (Nitrobenzene + Benzene) and (N, N-Dimethyl formamide + Benzene) mixtures. Keeping all these important applications of thermodynamic and acoustic study in our mind, we have studied the said property for (Nitrobenzene + Benzene) and (N, N-Dimethyl formamide + Benzene) mixtures over the entire composition range at four different temperatures T = (298, 308, 313 & 318.15) K and at one atmospheric pressure.
Journal of Solution Chemistry, 2013
Densities, q, viscosities, g, and ultrasonic sound velocities u of pure methyl isobutylketone, diethylketone, cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone, 2-methyl cyclohexanone and those of their binary mixtures with N-methyl aniline were measured at 303.15 K over the entire composition range. These experimental data have been used to calculate the excess volume (V E), deviation in ultrasonic sound velocity (Du), isentropic compressibility (j s), intermolecular free length (L f), excess intermolecular free length (L E f), acoustic impedance (Z), excess isentropic compressibility (j E S), deviation in viscosity (Dg) and excess Gibbs energy of activation of viscous flow (G *E). The viscosity data have been correlated using three equations proposed by Grunberg and Nissan, Katti and Chaudhri, and Hind et al. The excess/deviations have been fitted by Redlich-Kister equation and the results are discussed in terms of molecular interactions present in these mixtures.
Molecular interactions studies in liquid mixture using Ultrasonic technique
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Density, viscosity and ultrasonic velocity have been measured for binary liquid mixtures containing Methylmethacrylate+2-Methoxy ethanol, Methylmethacrylate +2-Ethoxy ethanol, Methyl methacrylate+2 Butoxy ethanol at 303K. The adiabatic compressibility, free length, free volume, internal pressure, relaxation time, acoustic impedance and Gibbs's free energy values have been calculated from the experimental data. These parameters are used to discuss the molecular interactions in the mixtures.