Experimental study on photocount statistics of the ultraweak photon emission from some living organisms (original) (raw)
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Ultra-weak photon emission (UPE) from biological systems was first demonstrated, in the early 1960’s, by Russian researchers utilizing sensitive photomultiplier equipment. However, already in 1912 a proposal for a morphogenetic radiation field, responsible for regulating biological form was proposed. The main purpose of this chapter is to discuss experimental research that studies the relationship between UPE and morphogenetic aspects, either in development, or stress induced changes followed by recovery processes. Within that context, different biological systems will be briefly described. In plant research, the emphasis is on the relationship between spontaneous UPE and development of seedlings. In the section on UPE recordings in animals, we focus the description on the relation between UPE and cancer development. In research using cell systems, the relationship between UPE and cultured tumor cells, with different degree of differentiation is discussed. This provides information ...
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Self-bioluminescent emission (SBE) is a type of biological chemiluminescence where photons are emitted as part of chemical reactions occurring during metabolic processes. This emission is also known as biophoton emission, ultraweak photon emission and ultraweak bioluminescence. This paper outlines research over the past century on some systemic properties of SBE as measured with biological detectors, photomultiplier detectors and ultra-sensitive imaging arrays. There is an apparent consensus in the literature that emission in the deep blue and ultraviolet (150-450nm) is related to DNA / RNA processes while emission in the red and near infrared (600-1000nm) is related to mitochondria and oxidative metabolisms involving reactive oxygen species, singlet oxygen and free radicals in plant, animal and human cells along with chlorophyll fluorescent decay in plants. Additionally, there are trends showing that healthy, unstressed and uninjured samples have less emission than samples that are unhealthy, stressed or injured. Mechanisms producing this emission can be narrowed down by isolating the wavelength region of interest and waiting for short-term fluorescence to decay leaving the ultraweak long-term metabolic emission. Examples of imaging this emission in healthy versus unhealthy, stressed versus unstressed, and injured versus uninjured plant parts are shown. Further discussion poses questions still to be answered related to properties such as coherence, photon statistics, and methodological means of isolating mechanisms.
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Tryptophan riboflavin photo-induced adduct and hepatic dysfunction in rats, Nutr. Rep. Znt., 37 (1988) 599-606. 14 E. Silva, M. Salim-Hanna, M. I. Becker and A. De loannes, Toxic effect of a photo-induced tryptophaa-riboflavin adduct on F9 teratocarcinoma cells and preimplantation mouse embryos,
Biophoton emission is a general phenomenon of living systems. It concerns low luminescence from a few up to some hundred photons-per-second per square-centimeter surface area. At least within the spectral region from 200 to 800nm. The experimental results indicate that biophotons originate from a coherent (or/and squeezed) photon field within the living organism, its function being intra- and inter- cellular regulation and communication. Published in: "Macroscopic Quantum Coherence", Proceedings of an International Conference on the Boston University, edited by Boston University and MIT, World Scientific 1999.
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This topic is aimed to lead the reader into an understanding of what biophotons are, how they are generated, and how they are involved in life. Having established this basis, the role of bio-photons in health and disease is reviewed and the basics of ultra-weak bio-photon emission need to be scientifically discussed in the hope that their importance will become more widely utilized
Biophotonics. Fluorescence and Reflectance in Living Organisms
Science Reviews - from the end of the world
The light that emerges from a biological entity is relevant from many aspects. In the first place, it allows the construction of the organism’s image and consequently it is responsible for visual perception and communication. Secondly, it can become an important tool in obtaining both physiological and chemical information from the observed entity, in a non-destructive way. When an organism is illuminated, the non-absorbed energy emerges as transmitted or reflected light. Additionally, fluorescence, phosphorescence or bioluminescence may be emitted. In our research group, we have studied and modelled the light released as reflectance and fluorescence for different biological systems like flowers, fruits, plant leaves, canopies, bird’s plumage and amphibians. In this review, we present the advances we have made in this area. They range from the development of theoretical approaches to the implementation of optical methodologies for practical applications. The analysis of light intera...
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After exposure to light, a living system emits a photon signal of characteristic shape. The signal has a small decay region and a long tail region. The flux of photons in the decay region changes by 2 to 3 orders of magnitude, but remains almost constant in the tail region. The decaying part is attributed to delayed luminescence and the constant part to ultra-weak luminescence. Biophoton emission is the common name given to both kinds of luminescence, and photons emitted are called biophotons. The decay character of the biophoton signal is not exponential, which is suggestive of a coherent signal. We sought to establish the coherent nature by measuring the conditional probability of zero photon detection in a small interval D. Our measurements establish the coherent nature of biophotons emitted by different leaves at various temperatures in the range 15-50°C. Our set up could measure the conditional probability for D E 100 ms in only 100 ms, which enabled us to make its measurement in the decaying part of the signal. Various measurements were repeated 2000 times in contiguous intervals, which determined the dependence of the conditional probability on signal strength. The observed conditional probabilities at different signal strengths are in agreement with the predictions for coherent photons. The agreement is impressive at the discriminatory range, 0.1-5 counts per D, of signal strengths. The predictions for coherent and thermal photons differ substantially in this range. We used the values of D in the range, 10 ms-10 ms for obtaining a discriminatory signal strength in different regions of a decaying signal. These measurements establish the coherent nature of photons in all regions of a biophoton signal from 10 ms to 5 hr. We have checked the efficacy of our method by measuring the conditional probability of zero-photon detection in the radiation of a light emitting diode along with a leaf for D in the range 10 ms-100 ms. The conditional probability in the diode radiation was different from that predicted for coherent photons when signal strength was less than 2.5 counts per D. Only the diode radiation exhibited photon bunching at signal strength of around 0.05 count in D.