Integration of Groundwater Flow Modeling and GIS (original) (raw)
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Groundwater Modeling using GIS Techniques
International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE), 2020
Geographical information systems (GIS) have become the most significant tool for mapping and modeling of groundwater level resources. An effort has been made to describe the groundwater level of district Bhopal, Huzur Tehsil, Madhya Pradesh, India. Bhopal district, Huzur Tehsil, Madhya Pradesh, India, is faces the problem of groundwater attainable in a few years. For assessing the groundwater Level suitability through GIS interpolation model techniques is used. Geospatial techniques employed for Geographical information systems (GIS) is more being used in the water resources managed and field of hydrology , and monitoring the groundwater level. This is the greatest advantage of using GIS interpolation methods techniques for Groundwater level (bore well) monitoring is its ability to generate information in water level potential position conditions in the area study, which is afford very critical for successful analysis, prediction, and validation. In the study, Kriging interpolation ...
Development of conceptual groundwater flow model for Pali Area, India
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 2011
Development of representative conceptual groundwater flow model is an important step before translating it into a numerical model. In this paper, a methodology for development of conceptual groundwater flow model has been presented in which spatially distributed values for groundwater recharge has been utilized instead of lump sum average values of recharge normally obtained by water budgeting method. The study also extensively uses GIS for preprocessing of hydrological, hydrogeological and geological data. In our view, the methodology presented here provides better tools for building a conceptual model for tackling groundwater modeling problems.
Review on Scope of Groundwater Modeling
IJSRD, 2014
We all know that the earth contains 70% of water and of 30% Land surface. But from that 70% of water 97% is saline water and we cannot use that water in our day to day life. Now a day the only source of pure water comes from the sub-surface. So that we need to improve the technique to bring out as maximum pure water as possible from the sub-surface. For that groundwater modeling is required. For this purpose many software are available which gives the idea about the lithology and movement of groundwater flow direction. In this paper we are giving the literature review on the groundwater modeling which gives brief idea about groundwater study. Groundwater is the most important source of drinking water in India. Especially it plays a vital role in the development and public health of the population in arid and semi-arid zones. Unfortunately due to injudicious and unplanned urbanization and Industrialization for the past few decades in few parts of the country, the resource is either being depleted or degraded in quality.
Appraisal of Groundwater Flow Simulation in the Sub- Himalayan Watershed of Pakistan
Groundwater - Contaminant and Resource Management, 2016
Numerical modeling of an aquifer is increasingly used as a power tool for monitoring and management of groundwater. This paper focuses on conceptualizing hydrogeological condition and establishing numerical simulation model using Visual MOD-FLOW to simulate the continuous depletion of groundwater in the southwestern part of the Soan watershed in Pakistan. An integrated groundwater modeling and management approach was adopted to provide suitable alternatives for water management in different hydro-environments. Geospatial techniques were employed for spatial database development, integration with a remote sensing (RS), and numerical groundwater flow modeling capabilities to simulate groundwater flow behavior. The calibration results indicated a reasonable agreement between the calculated and observed heads. The calibrated heads were used as initial conditions in the transientstate modeling. The modeling approach facilitated in identifying potential groundwater regime besides providing artificial recharge options for sustainable groundwater development.
GIS based surface hydrological modelling in identification of groundwater recharge zones
International Journal of Remote Sensing, 2004
At semi-arid areas that dominant portion of required water for agriculture is provided by exploitation of groundwater, these resources encounter with more deterioration. Thus identifying of potential runoff generating sites and estimation of runoff depth can be a significant step for storing runoff for agricultural activities and groundwater recharge. The main purposes of this study are use of GIS (geographic information system) ability for identifying of potential runoff generating sites, and thus identifying high priority areas for groundwater recharge in the Gharehchay River watershed in the north of Hamedan province, Iran. Potential runoff generating sites were identified by using watershed features same as slope, land use and hydrological soil groups. Afterward, CN I (Curve Number I) technique, which is one of the eight derivations of the NRCS-CN (natural resources conservation services curve number) method, was utilized to calculate rainfall-runoff depth in the study region. Finally, map layers were ranked in order of highest priority to lowest priority, based on the criteria of each dataset, and high priority areas for groundwater recharge were identified by integrating potential runoff map, runoff depth and depth to groundwater maps. Spatial analysis revealed that 51% of the study region has a high priority for groundwater recharge.
Groundwater recharge study in arid region: An approach using GIS techniques and numerical modeling
Computers & Geosciences, 2010
To demonstrate the capabilities of Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques and numerical modeling for groundwater resources development in arid areas, specifically for the demarcation of suitable sites for the artificial recharge of groundwater aquifers, a study was carried out in the Maknassy basin, which is located in Central Tunisia. Thematic maps were prepared using a Hydrogeological Information System. All of the thematic layers were integrated using an ARCVIEW based model, enabling a map showing artificial recharge zones to be generated. Meanwhile, a ground water model, MODFLOW-2001, was used to estimate the effect of such water recharge on the piezometric behavior of the hydrological system. Additionally, these simulations helped manage ground water resources in the study area. The GIS-based demarcation of artificial zones developed in this study was based on logical conditions and reasoning, so that the same techniques, with appropriate modifications, could be adopted elsewhere, especially in similar aquifer systems in arid areas where the occurrence of groundwater is restricted and subject to a greater complexity. The efficiency of artificial recharge may be tested using hydrogeological modeling by simulating the effect of a potential groundwater refill.
C. P. Kumar : Modelling of Groundwater Flow and Data Requirements
Groundwater is used for a variety of purposes, including irrigation, drinking and manufacturing. Groundwater is also the source of a large percentage of surface water. Accurate and reliable groundwater resource information (including quality) is critical to planners and decision-makers. Huge investment in the areas of groundwater exploration, development and management at state and national levels aims to meet the groundwater requirement for drinking and irrigation and generates enormous amount of data. We need to focus on improved data management, precise analysis and effective dissemination of data. Numerical models are capable of solving large and complex groundwater problems varying widely in size, nature and real life situations. With the advent of high speed computers, spatial heterogeneities, anisotropy and uncertainties can be tackled easily. However, the success of any modelling study, to a large measure depends upon the availability and accuracy of measured/recorded data required for that study. Therefore, identifying the data needs of a particular modelling study and collection/monitoring of required data form an integral part of any groundwater modelling exercise. This paper presents groundwater modelling process, basic data requirements for groundwater modelling and commonly used groundwater modelling software.
APPLICATION OF VISUAL MODFLOW AND GIS IN GROUNDWATER MODELING
IASET, 2013
It is universal tendency to tap groundwater, which has resulted in serious falls in water levels in many parts of the world. Farmers have met this situation by incurring heavy expenditure by way of deepening the tube wells and lowering of pump sets, which in turn caused disastrous reflex at least in certain areas in the form of seawater intrusion. It is necessary that such developments should be taken note off and tackled in a systematic manner, so that extreme attractiveness of groundwater as resources should not be its own enemy. With the advent of powerful personal computers and the advances in other technologies, efficient techniques for water management have evolved of which GIS (geographic information system) and groundwater modeling is of great significance. The applications of GIS and Visual MODFLOW changed our thoughts and ways to manage water resources in the present situation. This paper presents the result of ground water model done with the application of GIS & Visual MODFLOW developed for the Thirukkazhukundram block in Tamilnadu. The main intent of this study is to highlight the usage of Visual MODFLOW and GIS techniques to present a comprehensive review on their applications to groundwater hydrology.
Pali district, Rajasthan, India has been facing severe pollution of groundwater due to release of untreated industrial effluent of textile industries into the Bandi River flowing through the Pali city. A groundwater flow and transport modeling exercise has been undertaken by MNIT, Jaipur, India to understand the groundwater flow regime and to study the different scenarios. In the modeling exercise partially penetrating ephemeral rivers have been taken as part of model boundaries wherever more appropriate boundaries were not available in the near vicinity. These boundaries have been considered as constant flow boundaries. Aim of this paper is to present a methodology to calculate the average flux through such boundaries from readily available data such as bore logs and groundwater levels. The study area boundary was divided in to several cross sections and average values of groundwater flow gradients normal to the boundary were calculated for different monsoon and non monsoon seasons for different years. The entire boundary was then regrouped into 8 boundary segments on the basis of average values of gradients for individual line segments and mean gradient values for these line segments were calculated. Values of ground level, bottom elevations of hydrostratigraphic layers and average water depth were extracted for a number of points on these line segments from the respective layers and these values were used to calculate equivalent horizontal hydraulic conductivity of the multi-layered aquifer system at every point. The Darcy's law was then used to calculate inflow/outflow per m length of the boundary at each point. The methodology presented here is simple and is based on the assumption that the groundwater level gradients do not change significantly for different seasons and amongst different years which has been validated in the present groundwater modeling study. The paper demonstrates a GIS based methodology to work out inflow/outflow across boundary of a study area in the cases where no flow boundaries in the vicinity of the study area cannot be identified.