Primary glaucoma etiology: current theories and researches (original) (raw)
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Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo, 2012
Introduction. It is important to know the risk factors for visual field defect progression in order to predict the future development of glaucoma. Objective. To investigate the influence of visual field initial sensitivity on the rate of visual field progression. Methods. A minimum of five visual fields were performed using computerized perimetry (Octopus) over a mean follow- up 4-year period (48.85?17.84 months) in 64 persons (114 eyes) with primary open angle glaucoma. The rate of change of the whole central visual field and each of the seven regions of the field were measured by linear regression analysis of the mean sensitivity value versus time. Based on the slope of the regression line of visual field mean sensitivity over time the eyes were divided into two groups: the group with stable and the group with progressive visual field. The comparison of the mean sensitivity of the whole central visual field between the groups was performed using the Mann-Whitney U-test. The Spearm...
Ophthalmologic vedomosti, 2014
A study of cross-impact degree and morpho-functional correlation characteristics of primary open angle glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration was performed at 25 clinical sites in Russia and some CIS countries from January through May 2013. The study final protocol included 87 patients (108 eyes) divided into two groups, mean age of patients was 66.6 ± 5.65 years (min 55; max 81). Intragroup and intergroup variance analysis did not establish any significant difference in the macular area between the «glaucoma» group and the «glaucoma + AMD» group depending on the disease stage. The findings suggest that macular degeneration develops subsequent to a preexisting glaucomatous state.
Ural Medical Journal
Introduction. Glaucoma is a socially significant disease. With the advent of new technologies it has become possible to diagnose this disease at an earlier stage. The aim of the investigation was to reveal the relationships between biomechanical parameters of the optic nerve disc (OND) in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) against the background of achieving the "target" intraocular pressure (IOP). Material and methods. A retrospective cohort study was conducted in which 51 patients with POAG were included. All patients underwent a standard ophthalmologic examination. Central corneal thickness and biomechanical parameters of the cornea were also evaluated. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was performed to assess the state of the OND. Results and discussion. Goldman IOP levels had no differences depending on glaucoma stage, but corneal compensated IOP levels differed: the lowest IOP was detected in patients with advanced glaucoma, and the highest – in patien...
Russian Ophthalmological Journal, 2019
Purpose. To analyze the daily dynamics and the parameters of intraocular pressure circadian rhythm (IOP CR) in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) (stable and progressive forms) and determine chronobiological regularities of glaucoma progression depending on the patterns of restructuring the daily dynamics of IOP CR and body temperature.Material and methods. The study included 75 POAG patients, of which 35 had a stable form (S-POAG) and 40 had a rapidly progressing form (P-POAG). The control group was composed of 80 subjects without POAG. The index of retinal ganglion cell loss measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used as a criterion of POAG progression. IOP was measured by the patients themselves for 72 hours at 7 time points (3 am, 8 am, 11 am, 2 pm, 5 pm, 8 pm, and 11 pm, who used an Icare ONE portable intraocular pressure tonometer for individual use.Results. IOP daily dynamics was distributed differently in the different groups. In S-POAG, the peak va...
Ophthalmologic vedomosti, 2015
Introduction. For the past several decades, there has been a discussion as to whether elevated intraocular pressure is just ocular hypertension in a healthy eye, or a sign of glaucoma. Objective. To study the IOP values in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma at the beginning of the study and to correlated them with the disease progression and to determine optimal IOP levels. Material and methods. The final protocol included data from 812 right eyes of 637 glaucoma patients and 175 healthy subjects; the latter formed the control group. The mean age of examined patients was 71.8 ± 0.28 years; 72.00 (66.00; 77.00). Mean disease duration in glaucoma patients was 5.41 ± 0.17 years. The following parameters were assessed: visual acuity, clinical refraction, IOP level by Maklakov tonometry, central corneal thickness and IOP-lowering medication use. Results. In the age group - between 60 and 69 y.o., the IOP level in patients with advanced glaucoma was significantly higher than in pat...
Computer perimetry in the diagnosis of primary open-angle glaucoma
Ophthalmology Reports, 2018
Static perimetry, made using Humphrey and Octopus expert class perimeters, is called the standard automated perimetry (SAP); and for more than 30 years, it is the gold standard in assessing the visual field in glaucoma diagnosis. Currently, many computer perimeters appeared on the Russian market. The article reviews modern methods of computerized perimetry which are most widespread in our country and presents their comparative characteristics.
Russian Ophthalmological Journal
Purpose. To evaluate the change in the functional activity of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in response to intraocular pressure (IOP) drop in patients with newly diagnosed early stage primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) using a pattern electroretinogram (PERG). Material and methods. A prospective non-randomized cohort study included 12 patients (24 eyes) including 5 men, 7 women, aged 63.42 ± 2.96 years with newly diagnosed early stage POAG in at least one eye, who underwent PERG (Diopsys Nova, Diopsys, Inc.) in addition to an ophthalmologic examination. After being diagnosed with POAG, all patients were prescribed prostaglandin analogues as monotherapy. One and four months into the treatment, repeated examinations took place. Results. At these time points, a significant decrease in IOP was noted, accompanied by an increase in PERG parameters , which indicates an improvement in the functional activity of RGCs, yet no linear relationship between the IOP decrease and the improvement in...
Ophthalmology journal
Nowadays, a wide choice of local IOP-lowering medications allows ensuring a successful intraocular pressure compensation and primary open angle glaucoma stabilization. However, taking into consideration a long term action of drugs on the ocular surface, even without clinical manifestations there is a direct inflammatory cells’ activation with mixed toxic and allergic changes, which is confirmed by histology, immune-histology, and impression cytology methods. Such chronic sub-clinical inflammation represent a potential risk of excessive fibroblast proliferation with subsequent rapid postoperative scarring of new outflow pathways and atypical filtration bleb formation. It is shown that there is a clear relationship between number of glaucoma drugs used, treatment duration, intensity of conjunctival infiltration with inflammatory cells and fibroblasts, and risk of episcleral fibrosis and subconjunctival scarring during post-op period. (For citation: Petrov SYu, Lovpache DzhN, Loskutov ...
National Journal glaucoma
PURPOSE. To evaluate the clinical utility of pattern electroretinography (PERG) in the differential diagnosis of ocular hypertension and newly diagnosed primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) of the initial stage.METHODS. This prospective non-randomized cohort study included patients over the age of 35 years with newly diagnosed ocular hypertension and initial stage POAG in at least one eye. All patients underwent a standard ophthalmological examination, as well as a complex of additional methods used to diagnose POAG: pachymetry, examination of the biomechanical properties of the cornea (Ocular Response Analyzer, Reichert), standard automated perimetry (SAP) (Octopus 900, Haag-Streit Diagnostics), optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the optic nerve head (ONH) and macular area (OCT Triton Plus 3000, Topcon) and PERG (Diopsys Nova, Diopsys, Inc.). Data from both eyes of all included patients were analyzed (12 eyes in the ocular hypertension group and 26 eyes in the POAG group). Statist...