Numerical Simulation of Mixed Convection Squeezing Flow of a Hybrid Nanofluid Containing Magnetized Ferroparticles in 50%:50% of Ethylene Glycol–Water Mixture Base Fluids Between Two Disks With the Presence of a Non-linear Thermal Radiation Heat Flux (original) (raw)
We Consider the physical model of two-dimensional hybrid nanofluids flow, which is time dependent, laminar, incompressible inside the two co-axial stretchable disks. The length of upper and lower disks is2s(t). The two axial and radial velocity components (u, w) depends upper the radial of disks r and normal of direction z. There exists temperature (T 1 > T 2) which is constant for upper and lower disks. The continuity, momentum and energy equations are modeled in cylindrical coordinates system. The finite element technique is used to evaluate numerical solutions. It is observed that the velocity near upper and lower disks decreases by increasing the values of magnetic parameter. Increased the values of shape factor N s of (Nanoparticles) then the thermal conductivity (HDnf) decreased. The shear stress and heat transfer rate decreased by influence α, ϕ 1 , ϕ 2 but an opposite reaction observed when increase the values of M, Re and N s .
Mixed Convection Squeezing Flow of Nanofluids in a Rotating Channel with Thermal Radiation
Journal of Mathematics
In the present study, 3-dimensional squeezing movement in a circling conduit under the stimulus effective Prandtl number with the aid of thermal radiation is taken into account. Water and ethylene glycol are the base fluids along with gamma-alumina nanoparticles. The coupled nonlinear system of PDEs is transformed into a system of ODEs with the support of some appropriate resemblance alterations. Then, the explanation was obtained numerically by the Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg (RKF) method. The emerging parameters such as quotient of the electric magnetic field to viscous forces (M), Prandtl number (Pr), and Reynolds number (Re), along with physical parameters such as the Nusselt number and skin friction coefficient, will be integrated graphically. The Prandtl number is important for regulating the momentum and thermal boundary layers. As a result, the effect of the effective Prandtl number on the nanoboundary layer and laminar incompressible flow of γ Al 2 O 3 − H 2 O and γ Al 2 O 3 − C 2...
On Mixed Convection Squeezing Flow of Nanofluids
Energies, 2020
In this article, the impact of effective Prandtl number model on 3D incompressible flow in a rotating channel is proposed under the influence of mixed convection. The coupled nonlinear system of partial differential equations is decomposed into a highly nonlinear system of ordinary differential equations with aid of suitable similarity transforms. Then, the solution of a nonlinear system of ordinary differential equations is obtained numerically by using Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg (RKF) method. Furthermore, the surface drag force C f and the rate of heat transfer N u are portrayed numerically. The effects of different emerging physical parameters such as Hartmann number (M), Reynold’s number (Re), squeezing parameter ( β ), mixed convection parameter λ , and volume fraction ( φ ) are also incorporated graphically for γ — alumina. Due to the higher viscosity and thermal conductivity ethylene-based nanofluids, it is observed to be an effective common base fluid as compared to water. These o...
Modelling and Simulation in Engineering, 2018
The various applications of squeezing flow between two parallel surfaces such as those that are evident in manufacturing industries, polymer processing, compression, power transmission, lubricating system, food processing, and cooling amongst others call for further study on the effects of various parameters on the flow phenomena. In the present study, effects of nanoparticle geometry, slip, and temperature jump conditions on thermo-magneto-solutal squeezing flow of nanofluid between two parallel disks embedded in a porous medium are investigated, analyzed, and discussed. Similarity variables are used to transform the developed governing systems of nonlinear partial differential equations to systems of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Homotopy perturbation method is used to solve the systems of the nonlinear ordinary differential equations. In order to verify the accuracy of the developed analytical solutions, the results of the homotopy perturbation method are compared wi...
Journal of Nanofluids, 2021
The research article primarily deals with non-Newtonian squeezing nanofluid flow between parallel plates by taking into account different phenomena in the modeled problem. The thermal radiation and magneto hydrodynamics impact in fluid flow model is mainly focused in this analysis. The proposed nanofluid model also encompasses thermophoresis and the Brownian movement effects. The basic equations of nanofluids model such as velocity, heat and concentration equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations with the help of appropriate similarity transformations. As a tool, the semi numerical scheme is used for solving the proposed problem with the greatest possible accuracy for the purpose of illustration and analysis. The basic physical parameters involved in velocity, heat and concentration profiles in the nanofluids flow are discussed in detail. The variation of skin friction, Nusselt number and Sherwood number along with their impacts on the velocity, heat and concent...
CFD Letters
The potential of hybrid nanofluid as an alternative heat transfer fluid is undoubted and the insightful research on enhancing its thermal conductivity is crucial. This study accentuates the influence of magnetic field and thermal radiation on the ethylene glycol base hybrid nanofluid with a combination of argentum and magnetite nanoparticles. The mathematical equations of the hybrid nanofluid model are derived with the suitable similarity transformations and then solved numerically with the execution of bvp4c codes in Matlab software. Graphical results show that an upsurge in magnetic parameter reduces the momentum boundary layer thickness while the higher thermal radiation enlarges the thermal boundary layer thickness. The effects of suction and nanoparticles concentration are also presented graphically. Stability analysis reveals that the first solution obtained in this study is stable, and conversely, the second solution is not.
Effect of asymmetrical heat rise/fall on the film flow of magnetohydrodynamic hybrid ferrofluid
Scientific Reports, 2020
The movement of the ferrous nanoparticles is random in the base fluid, and it will be homogeneous under the enforced magnetic field. This phenomenon shows a significant impact on the energy transmission process. In view of this, we inspected the stream and energy transport in magnetohydrodynamic dissipative ferro and hybrid ferrofluids by considering an uneven heat rise/fall and radiation effects. We studied the Fe3O4 (magnetic oxide) and CoFe2O4 (cobalt iron oxide) ferrous particles embedded in H2O-EG (ethylene glycol) (50–50%) mixture. The flow model is converted as ODEs with suitable similarities and resolved them using the 4th order Runge-Kutta scheme. The influence of related constraints on transport phenomena examined through graphical illustrations. Simultaneous solutions explored for both ferro and hybrid ferrofluid cases. It is found that the magnetic oxide and cobalt iron oxide suspended in H2O-EG (ethylene glycol) (50–50%) mixture effectively reduces the heat transfer rat...
Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences, 2025
In biological, electrical, and industrial applications, the creation of homogeneous liquid solutions is still a significant difficulty, especially in high-temperature systems. This study examines the role of quadratic thermal stratification and Newtonian heating in improving the stability and efficacy of such solutions. These techniques are vital for producing stable and effective solutions across electronics, medicine, and food processing sectors. In particular, we examine how an inclined magnetic field affects the Darcy–Forchheimer flow of compressed nanofluids between parallel plates, taking into account nonlinear stratification effects and a stretched sheet. Joule heating, viscous dissipation, and thermal radiation are taken into account, together with Newtonian heating boundary conditions with solid and porous surfaces. Our primary objective is to understand heat transfer and flow behavior in water suspensions of Fe3O4 nanoparticles, modeled in various shapes—spherical, cylindrical, blade-like, and brick-like under viscous dissipation and thermal radiation. Effective thermal conductivity is determined using the Hamilton and Crosser model, while dynamic viscosity is assessed with the Brinkman model. Partial differential equations (PDEs) are numerically solved using the ND-Solve technique after conversion into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) via similarity transformations. Graphical analyses reveal that increased porosity and inertia coefficients reduce velocity, while temperature profiles increase. Eckert and Newtonian heating numbers also contribute to higher fluid temperatures. Validation with existing literature confirms strong agreement with numerical findings. These findings expand the study of heat exchange in nanofluid systems, which may have uses in biomedical engineering, especially to enhance drug delivery and comprehend blood flow in diseases like atherosclerosis and thrombosis.
Strojniški vestnik – Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2016
This paper presents research on the forced flow convective heat transfer of a ferrofluid (water and Fe 3 O 4) in a horizontal two-dimensional channel under the influence of a 2D non-uniform magnetic field, which is applied through a line dipole. The governing equations of this research include continuity, momentum, energy and entropy generation, which are solved with a finite volume technique. Moreover, a gridindependent test and the validation of numerical results are carried out. The effect of the Fe 3 O 4 volume fraction (1 vol % to 6 vol %) on the hydro-thermal characteristics of the ferrofluid flow and entropy generation is studied. Numerical results show that the flow pattern is highly changed, because the kelvin body force overcomes the viscous force by increasing the volume fraction under applied magnetic field. Furthermore, the average wall friction factor increases linearly. The average Nusselt number (Nu) increases with the increase of the Fe 3 O 4 volume fraction, so that Nu increases by 51.1 % in comparison to the base fluid at 6 vol %. It is observed that the Nusselt number ratio (NUR) at 6 vol % is enhanced by 10.4 % whereas the entropy generation ratio (NSR) is increased by only 6.2 % compared to 4 vol %. According to the results of the study, it is concluded that using volume fractions between 4 vol % to 6% would result in an observable improvement in convective heat transfer while enhanced entropy generation is relatively small, so it is thermodynamically affordable.
Mixed convection of water-based nanofluids
This study examines the mixed convection of water-based nanofluids in a lid-driven square enclosure heated from one side and cooled from the stationary adjacent side while the other sides are kept stationary and adiabatic. The conservation equations are solved numerically for the stream function, vorticity, and temperature using the differential quadrature method. The Grashof number is kept at a constant value of 10 4 in the present study, and the Reynolds number is varied so that the Richardson number will have values in the range of 0.1 to 10. Nanoparticles volume fraction φ is varied as 0%, 5% and 10% and the value of η the ratio of the nanolayer thickness to the original particle radius, is fixed to 0.1. The results show that the motion of the side wall and nanoparticle usage has significant effects on the flow and temperature fields. A significant increase in the average Nusselt number is seen with an increase in the volume fraction of nanoparticles and a decrease in the Richardson number.
Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 2020
The magnetic field can serve as a proper controlling parameter for heat transfer and fluid flow; it can be also employed to maximize the thermodynamic efficiency in various fields. Nanofluids and porous inserts are among the conventional approaches of heat transfer enhancements. Porous media, in addition to improving the heat transfer, can enhance the pressure drop. This research presents a numerical investigation on the magnetohydrodynamics forced convection effects of Al 2 O 3-CuO-water nanofluid inside a partitioned cylinder within a porous medium. The calculations were carried out for a broad range of governing parameters. The nanofluid flow is modeled as a two-phase flow using two-phase mixture model, and the Darcy-Brinkman-Forchheimer equation is employed to model fluid flow in porous media. Simulation was also conducted under the laminar flow regime by finite volume method. Furthermore, the thermal boundary condition of constant uniform heat flux was imposed on the cylinder walls. The average Nusselt number as well as the performance evaluation criteria (PEC) were examined for diverse Darcy numbers (0.0001 < Da < 0.1) and Hartmann numbers (0 < Ha < 40). The results indicate the significant impact of Hartmann and Darcy number enhancement on the elevation of heat transfer coefficient. Additionally, incorporation of nanoparticles to the base fluid increased the PEC in all cases. Moreover, the PEC reached to its maximum value in configurations involving permeable porous media (i.e., a medium with Da = 0.1 and Ha = 40).
Nanomaterials, 2022
The main purpose of the current article is to scrutinize the flow of hybrid nanoliquid (ferrous oxide water and carbon nanotubes) (CNTs + Fe3O4/H2O) in two parallel plates under variable magnetic fields with wall suction/injection. The flow is assumed to be laminar and steady. Under a changeable magnetic field, the flow of a hybrid nanofluid containing nanoparticles Fe3O4 and carbon nanotubes are investigated for mass and heat transmission enhancements. The governing equations of the proposed hybrid nanoliquid model are formulated through highly nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) including momentum equation, energy equation, and the magnetic field equation. The proposed model was further reduced to nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) through similarity transformation. A rigorous numerical scheme in MATLAB known as the parametric continuation method (PCM) has been used for the solution of the reduced form of the proposed method. The numerical outcomes obtain...
Scientia Iranica, 2020
Over the past decade preparation, characterization and modeling of nanofluids plentifully deliberated to improve the heat transfer effects. Hence to gratify the advancements this paper focuses on heat transfer effects of three distinct hybrid nanoparticles (Al 2 O 3 − SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 − T iO 2 , T iO 2 − SiO 2) with a base fluid(water). So this work numerically investigated the influence over a permeable flat surface with aligned magnetic field in the presence of suction or injection or impermeable together with the Marangoni convection of different hybrid nanofluids. The present results are validated with previous experimental and numerical results. The effect of solid volume fraction of hybrid nanoparticles, angle of inclination, magnetic parameter and wall mass transfer parameter are deliberated and offered through graphs together with the surface velocity and rate of heat transfer is presented in tabular form. It is found that the rate of heat transfer is increased with an increment of wall mass transfer parameter and an opposite effect of the rising of magnetic parameter. Among the three hybrid nanofluids Al 2 O 3 − SiO 2 /water
In this paper, effects of applying a linear magnetic field on a ferrofluid (water and 4 vol% Fe 3 O 4) flow in horizontal straight and curved tubes have been investigated. The hydro-thermal behavior of the flow is investigated numerically using the two phase mixture model and control volume technique. The linear magnetic fields with various gradients in the perpendicular direction of the main flow have been examined. Based on the obtained results the heat transfer coefficient can be enhanced using the curved tube instead of straight tube, adding magnetic nanoparticles to the base fluid and applying external magnetic field. It is concluded that the heat transfer is enhanced due to the secondary flow augmentation (because of centrifugal force and Kelvin force) and thermal conductivity improvement (because of high thermal conductivity of magnetic nanoparticles relative to base fluid).
Physics of Fluids
This work deals with the impact of magnetic field-dependent viscosity and magnetohydrodynamics on the natural convection heat transfer of Ag-MgO (50%-50%) water hybrid nanoliquid in a complicated enclosure. The considered cavity with concave or convex horizontal boundaries has been differentially heated and cooled by multiple heat sources and heat sinks. The governing equations (Navier-Stokes equations) constituting stream function (w)-vorticity (f) formulation with energy equation are solved by adopting a compact finite difference scheme. Meanwhile, the flow domain that is influenced by several factors including Hartmann number (0 Ha 60), hybrid nanoparticles volume fraction (0 / hnp 0:02), Rayleigh number (10 3 Ra 10 6), orientation angle of magnetic field (0 0 c 90 0), magnetic number (0 d 0 1), different cases (Case-I to III), and internal heat generation or absorption (À2 Q 2) is analyzed generously. Experimentally based correlations for thermal conductivity and dynamic viscosity have been used throughout the study. The outcomes show that the geometric parameters can be used as an excellent controller of the thermal performance inside the wavy chamber.
Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 2011
In this paper, effects of applying a linear magnetic field on a ferrofluid (water and 4 vol% Fe 3 O 4 ) flow in horizontal straight and curved tubes have been investigated. The hydro-thermal behavior of the flow is investigated numerically using the two phase mixture model and control volume technique. The linear magnetic fields with various gradients in the perpendicular direction of the main flow have been examined. Based on the obtained results the heat transfer coefficient can be enhanced using the curved tube instead of straight tube, adding magnetic nanoparticles to the base fluid and applying external magnetic field. It is concluded that the heat transfer is enhanced due to the secondary flow augmentation (because of centrifugal force and Kelvin force) and thermal conductivity improvement (because of high thermal conductivity of magnetic nanoparticles relative to base fluid).
Applied and Computational Mechanics
In this paper, double diffusive squeezing unsteady flow of electrically conducting nanofluid between two parallel disks under slip and temperature jump condition is analyzed using the homotopy perturbation method. The obtained solutions from the analysis are used to investigate the effects of the of Brownian motion parameter, thermophoresis parameter, Hartmann number, Lewis number and pressure gradient parameters, slip and temperature jump boundary conditions on the behavior of the nanofluid. Also, the results of the homotopy perturbation method are compared to the results in the literature and good agreements are established. This study is significant to the advancements of nanofluidics such as energy conservation, friction reduction and micro mixing biological samples.
International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, 2019
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to find the approximate solutions of unsteady squeezing nanofluid flow and heat transfer between two parallel plates in the presence of variable heat source, viscous dissipation and inclined magnetic field using collocation method (CM). Design/methodology/approach The partial governing equations are reduced to nonlinear ordinary differential equations by using appropriate transformations and then are solved analytically by using the CM. Findings It is observed that the enhancing values of aligned angle of the magnetic causes a reduction in temperature distribution. It is also seen that the effect of nanoparticle volume fraction is significant on the temperature but negligible on the velocity profile. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no research has been carried out considering the combined effects of inclined Lorentz forces and variable heat source on squeezing flow and heat transfer of nanofluid between the infinite paral...
A Revised Model for Magneto Convection in Binary Nanofluids
International Journal of Mathematical, Engineering and Management Sciences
The paper presents double-diffusive nanofluid convection under magnetic field using more realistic revised model in which boundaries are assumed to have zero nanoparticle flux. The nanofluid layer includes the nano scale effects (Brownian motion and thermophoresis) and solutal effects (Dufour and Soret). Impact of different parameters is analyzed using normal mode technique and interpreted graphically with the help of the software Mathematica. Complex expressions for oscillatory motions are solved using approximations to confirm their non-existence and onset of convection is established as stationary. Binary nanofluids are found to be much less stable than regular fluids. Higher conductivity of metallic nanofluids makes them less stable as compared to non-metallic nanofluids.
Journal of applied mathematics and physics, 2024
In this study, Hydromagnetic Squeezing Nanofluid flow between two vertical plates in presence of a chemical reaction has been investigated. The governing equations were transformed by similarity transformation and the resulting ordinary differential equations were solved by collocation method. The velocity, temperature, concentration and magnetic induction profiles were determined with help of various flow parameters. The numerical scheme was simulated with aid of MATLAB. The results showed that increasing the squeeze number only boosts velocity and concentration while lowering temperature. Conversely, increasing the Hartmann number, Reynold's magnetic number, Eckert number and Thermal Grashof number generally increases temperature but decreases both velocity and concentration. Chemical reaction rate and Soret number solely elevate concentration while Schmidt number only reduces it. The results of this study will be useful in the fields of oil and gas industry, plastic processing industries, filtration, food processing, lubrication system in machinery, Microfluidics devices for drug delivery and other related fields of nanotechnology.