Marine Pollution by Plastic: Menace to the Marine Environment (original) (raw)
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We hope this book will be a valuable resource for the public, policymakers, students, and those who are interested in understanding and addressing the growing threat of marine plastic pollution. Also, this book will help raise awareness of the magnitude of the problem and inspire action towards a sustainable and plastic-free future.This book is published as an open-access publication under Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY), and the text and its contents can be re-used for all awareness and education activities, provided the original publication is credited. Also, write to us for its translation into various other languages. This book 'evolved' primarily due to our involvement with Project ECO MARINE (Building a Comprehensive Mechanism for Preserving Marine Ecosystems and Life from the Negative Consequences of Climate Change and the Disposal of Plastic Debris) co-funded by the Erasmus + program of the European Union, where the University of Kerala is a partner. The production of this book is also supported through the project. We also thank Dr Georgios Georgiou, Professor,
Marine Pollution By Plastic Debris: Imminent Dangers And Solutions
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), 2023
Marine environment plays a vital role in safeguarding the very existence of life in the blue planet since it absorbs 90 percent of excessive heat thus it has a crucial role in equilibrating the climate and climate change of the planet. The life saving machinery of the world is in an imminent danger due to marine pollution by plastic debris. A piece of plastic that enter into the marine environment exists in the ocean for more than millennium. As per statistics at least 14 million tones of plastic reach in the marine environment every year and it is 80 percent of all other debris. Marine plastic is injurious to marine mammals, equilibrium of climate, damaging to food web and the best solutions to regulate it is to make international laws are regulations, ban of single use plastic, availing alternatives at cheap rate, recycling, systematic waste manages technologies etc. It is doctrinal research using number of research works and surveys.
Plastic pollution in aquatic systems in Bangladesh: A review of current knowledge
Science of The Total Environment, 2021
This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
Plastic pollution in an estuary: A preliminary study on the Rupsha river in southwestern Bangladesh
Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries
Plastic pollution is one of the major threats to the biodiversity of coastal mangrove forest Sundarbans. The current research focused on the preliminary assessment of plastics load to benthic biodiversity in a major estuary, the Rupsha in southwestern Bangladesh. Visual studies were conducted at five different sampling sites based on human activities, viz Kalibari ghat (S1), Rupsha ferry ghat (S2), Lobonchora ghat (S3), Rupsha bridge ghat (S4) and Putimari ghat (S5 as reference site). Thirteen (13) different plastic types under three categories were identified from the five-study sites. These categories belong to (i) fishing related debris: net, line, buoy, other fishing materials (ii) domestic useable plastics: bottle, bucket, bag/film, foamed polystyrene and polythene, and (iii) category of other types including packet, rope, pipe and shoes. Among all types, packet and polythene were the most abundant in number and both of them were the highest in number in Rupsha ferry ghat (8.6...
Marine Plastic Pollution: Sources, Impacts, and Policy Issues
Review of Environmental Economics and Policy, 2019
Plastics have been instrumental in providing access to clean drinking water, medical applications, and improved hygiene and food safety. However, plastics also cause problems. More than 10 million tons of plastic enter the oceans annually. Marine plastic pollution has documented impacts on marine organisms and ecosystem services. The use of chemical additives in plastics also poses a potential threat to human health. While desirable, recycling of plastics is currently constrained by material and chemical complexity, limitations in available technologies, and market demands. This article provides a brief introduction to plastic materials, marine plastic pollution, and its potential effects on marine ecosystems and human health. We also discuss some of the policy and technical issues and suggest priorities for further research.
2020
This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-profi t purposes without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. The United Nations Environment Programme (UN Environment) would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this publication as a source. No use of this publication may be made for resale or for any other commercial purpose whatsoever without prior permission in writing from UN Environment. Disclaimer The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the United Nations Environment Programme concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Moreover, the views expressed do not necessarily represent the decision or the stated policy of the United Nations Environment Programme, nor does citing of trade names or commercial processes constitute endorsement. The International Environmental Technology Centre works with developing countries to implement sustainable solutions to environmental challenges, with focus on holistic waste management. This study has been realised with the kind fi nancial support of the Government of Japan
Plastic pollution in marine and freshwater environments: abundance, sources, and mitigation
Emerging Contaminants in the Environment, 2022
Macro- and microplastics are critical emerging pollutants found in marine and freshwater environments around the world. Plastic consumption supported by a linear economy combined with exportation of plastic packaging materials to countries with deficient solid waste management practices causes massive plastic pollution in low and middle-income countries. This chapter examines the causes, distribution, and impacts of macroplastic and microplastic pollutants, each with particular characteristics in marine and freshwater environments in different parts of the world. The geographical dimension of plastic pollution is revealed and the impacts on natural habitats and human settlements are highlighted. This chapter provides an overview of environmental plastic abundance, sources and mitigation strategies. The circular economy is further presented as a key mitigation strategy in the prevention of plastics materials in the environment, improvement of the production sector, and providing better waste management practices to reduce this global environmental threat.
2020
Invention of the plastics has largely been considered as a boon for the modern life due to their light weight, high strength, and versatile application while being cheaper than other alternative materials. However, with the low biodegradability, over consumption, and widespread mismanagement, plastics have now become ubiquitous in all the environmental compartments and are held responsible for causing enormous pollution to air, soil, and water bodies. Bangladesh is no different from this global scenario, though there has been a little effort to assess the amount of plastic waste and its consequence which is necessary to encounter this mounting threat effectively. Taking this into consideration, current study investigates the impacts of plastic pollution including its most threatening formmicroplastics on environment and human health in Bangladesh. The study is based on critical review of existing literatures from the global perspective. It has been found that a major percentage of t...
Technische Hochschule Lübeck, 2019
Rivers, as the blood-vessel of the ocean, carry away what is thrown away or discarded to the surface and/or bottom of the ocean. Therefore, rivers, seas and oceans are severely in danger for decades from various pollution problems, including organic pollutants from untreated sewage, heavy metal such as iron, zinc, chromium, nickel, cadmium and copper that reduce the growth of seashells and oysters. Other sources such as accidental oil-spillage from large tankers during transportation, untreated industrial, agricultural and medical wastewater discharge, along with plastic littering which refers to a huge environmental, ecological, social burden.