Preliminary study on the gonad development of the exotic ascidian Styela clava in Cork Harbour, Ireland (original) (raw)
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The reproductive ecology of the invasive ascidian, Styela clava, in Auckland Harbour, New Zealand
Marine Biology
The ascidian Styela clava, native to the north-west Pacific, is an invasive species affecting New Zealand’s marine ecosystems, biodiversity and aquaculture operations. To provide detailed information on the reproductive biology of S. clava in New Zealand for post-border biosecurity management, long-term seasonal patterns of gametogenesis were determined from May 2006 to May 2008 in Auckland’s Waitemata Harbour (36°49′20″S, 174°45′85″E). Of particular interest was whether the critical 15°C threshold spawning temperature for reproduction observed in the Northern Hemisphere applied here to the first Southern Hemisphere study. S. clava gametogenesis followed a regular seasonal cycle with ripe gametes appearing as early as September and persisting to June; this time frame corresponds to the period when sea surface temperatures in the region first reach 15°C and with spawning occurring mainly during late summer to early autumn. From photoperiod manipulation, it was determined that spawning occurred at approximately 18:20. The extended reproductive period and a short generation time in the Waitemata Harbour provides a lengthy opportunity for S. clava to spread. Findings are discussed in relation to S. clava’s post-border management.
Morphological Changes in Astacus Astacus Gonads During the Reproductive Cycle
Bulletin Français de la Pêche et de la Pisciculture, 2006
The reproductive cycle of Astacus astacus was described by the external observation of the gonads, recording changes in the gonadosomatic index (GSI) and by the histological analysis of the reproductive organs. A total of 37 males and 13 females of Astacus astacus were collected from the Vukovina gravel pit located at northwest Croatia from May 2003 until January 2004. All crayfish were mature with total body lengths between 7.84 and 13.7 cm and weights between 16 and 125 g. There was a pronounced difference between the GSI values of the sexes. GSI fluctuated within a very small range (between 0.2 and 1.5%) in males while in females it increased up to 12.3% during the mating season. The external appearance of the testes and ovaries during the reproductive cycle was compared with the histological sections of germ cells in the testes, the vas deferens and ovaries. Besides the germinative cells, the morphological changes in testis and vasa deferentia of A. astacus extended also to the connective tissue and secretory epithelium. The maturation of germinative cells was synchronized, both in testes and ovaries.
Pakistan Veterinary Journal, 2012
This study was carried out with the aim to analyze the gonadal development of S. cephalus in Tödürge Lake, Sivas, Turkey. Anatomical and histological structures of gonads, oogenesis and spermatogenesis processes along with the determination of sexual maturity age of female (n=43) and male (n=27) individuals and spawning periods of the species were determined. Seasonal variations of gonads were illustrated. Five different oogenesis phases (chromatin nucleolar, perinucleolar, cortical alveolar, vitellogenic and maturation) and three different spermatogenesis phases (immature, maturing and mature testis) were identified. Results indicated that chub has a group syncrone type ovary, has a short reproduction season and spawn at once or twice times per year. Males reached to sexual maturity at II and III ages, and females reached to sexual maturity at III age. In addition, spawning period started at the end of May and went on through the end of June. Both oocyte and spermatocyte development and maturation were similar with the species belong to the subfamily Leuciscinae.
Gonad development and hermaphroditism in the ascidian Botryllus schlosseri
Molecular reproduction and development, 2016
The colonial ascidian Botryllus schlosseri is an ideal model organism for studying gonad development and hermaphroditism. B. schlosseri has been reared in laboratories for over half a century, and its unique biology allows investigators to probe the processes of germ cell migration and gonad formation, resorption, and regeneration. Following metamorphosis, colonies of B. schlosseri show a synchronized and sequential fertility program that, under standard laboratory conditions, begins with a juvenile stage with no visible gonads and subsequently develops testes at 9 weeks followed later by the development of oocytes - thus resulting in hermaphroditic individuals. The timing of oocyte production varies according to the season, and adult B. schlosseri colonies can cycle among infertile and both male and hermaphrodite fertile states in response to changing environmental conditions. Thus, these acidians are amenable to studying the molecular mechanisms controlling fertility, and recent g...
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 2013
The rock goby, Gobius paganellus one of the most common gobiid fish in Bizerta lagoon (north-east of Tunisia), is a gonochoric species that belongs to the Gobiidae family. This study provides the first detailed information of its reproductive biology in lagoon environments. Gobius paganellus was sampled monthly from January 2005 to December 2006 involving 1486 specimens. Total length distribution ranged between 38 and 125 mm. The maximum recorded total lengths were, respectively, 122 mm and 125 mm for female and male. Over the entire population, the sex-ratio was unbalanced in favour of females. According to months, a predominance of females sex-ratio was recorded during the spawning period while according to body size, males were dominating among larger size-classes. In both sexes, the variation of the gonadosomatic index (GSI) was independent of size. Macroscopic and microscopic examination of the gonads added to the monthly monitoring of gonadosomatic index and hepatosomatic index showed that gonads development begins in October and spawning period extends from December to March. The cyclic pattern of gonads development was determined by histology. Results indicated that G. paganellus exhibits a group-synchronous oocyte development. The sizes of first sexual maturity related to 50% of mature individuals were 78.3 mm (CI 95 : 77-84 mm) for males and 79 mm (CI 95 : 75-85 mms) for females. The discussion part underlined the impacts of some environmental factors and antropization of this lagoon on sexual cycle of G. paganellus.
Invertebrate Biology, 2007
Eunicella singularis is a gorgonian species whose members are abundant in hardbottom sublittoral communities of the Mediterranean Sea. The reproductive biology in this species has been examined to better understand the ability in this species to recover from recent mass mortality events. Eunicella singularis is a stable, gonochoric, iteroparous species that reproduces annually and exhibits a seasonal pattern of gametogenesis characterized by a single annual maturation of the gametes. The sex ratio did not significantly differ from 1:1. Oogenesis lasted 13-17 months, beginning between February and June, and ending with the release of 0.7 planula larvae per polyp between late May and July of the following year. The diameter of mature oocytes ranged 450-860 mm. Spermatogenesis was much shorter than oogenesis and occurred over 5-6 months. Gonadal production of both sexes increased in spring and culminated with the spawning of male colonies in late May-June. Fertilization of oocytes and development of the planula larvae occurred within the polyps of female colonies. Planula release was observed in June and July. The patterns emerging from this and previous studies on sexual reproduction of Mediterranean gorgonians suggest that investment in gonad development appears to be related to resource availability.
Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh
This study evaluated variations in gonadosomatic index (GSI), gonadal development stages, and hormonal spawning induction of Scatophagus argus in captivity. Male and female fish were cultured separately in net cages in Tam Giang lagoon, Central Vietnam, from January to December 2020. Five fish of each sex were randomly sampled monthly. Gonads were collected, GSI determined, and subsequently prepared for histology. Gamete quality was assessed with a light microscope. Spawning was hormonally induced with different doses of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and luteinizing hormone-release hormone (LHRH-A2). Gonadal development started to increase in March, peaking in July. The peak spawning period of the fish was from June to August, displaying the highest GSI value, sperm motility, and oocyte diameter. Only female GSI fluctuated significantly month-by-month (P<0.05). Histological examination indicated that S. argus is a multiple-spawner. Application of LHRH-A2 (70 µg/kg) stimulate...
Acta Zoologica, 2016
Gonad development stages (GDS) and, subsequently, the reproductive cycle are described by performing histology of some gonad portions. In polypla-cophorans, gametogenesis is not enough to define GDS; further anatomical gonad features are relevant. In most adult polyplacophorans, the gonad is a simple anatomical structure that resembles and operates as one single gonadal aci-nus without glandular structure. These features have gone unnoticed causing inaccurate GDS assignment and, consequently, imprecise reproductive season in polyplacophorans. Here, dissection protocols that allow extracting a compact gonad are established. Emphasizing the anatomical structure of the whole gonad and the displacement of gametes, five GDS were assigned to both sexes of Chi-ton (Chiton) articulatus: I-goniogenesis, II-development, III-ripe, IV-spawning, V-rest. Tissue platelets contribute importantly to GDS assignment and even help distinguishing between males and females. Neither a randomly selected portion of gonad nor a longitudinal section are recommended because it leads to misinterpretation higher than 50% in determining GDS and besides ignores displacement of gametes. A panoramic sweep across a complete transverse-section of each gonad was validated as the best option for establishing GDS. This new methodology was tested on several polyplacophorans species, and seems generally applicable for histological assessment of reproductive cycle and reproductive season in polyplacophorans.
Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2010
The main limiting factor to carrying out toxicological bioassays with sea urchin larvae is the restricted period for the availability of viable gametes. Although studies have been undertaken of the reproductive cycle of the sea urchin for several areas of the Bay of Biscay, only limited information exists for the southeasternmost area (the Basque coast). Furthermore, this geographical zone presents some particular environmental conditions, e.g., relatively warm waters. In this study, the gonad state of a population of Paracentrotus lividus, settled on the rocky shores of the city of Donostia-San Sebastian have been monitored. These sea urchins are observed to behave like a typical Atlantic population, with generally high gonad indices and a single yearly main spawning period, between April and May. Further, females show a shorter spawning period than males, becoming the limiting organisms for the availability of larvae.