The Engineering of Porous Silica and Hollow Silica Nanoparticles to Enhance Drug-loading Capacity (original) (raw)
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Silicon
Summary Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) are fascinating due to their interesting properties and applications. Purpose The optimization of MSNs for drug delivery applications was achieved by preparing different formulations of MSNs using different concentrations of ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) (0.7, 1.4, 2.8, 4.2, and 5.6 mg/ml for MSN1, MSN2, MSN3, MSN4, and MSN5, respectively). Methods In the synthesis of MSNs, NH4OH was used as a catalyst while tetraethyl orthosilicate were used as a source of silica. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image revealed a linear increase in the size of the formed MSNs with increase in catalyst concentration. TEM images showed that all investigated nanoparticles were dispersed and spherical (changed to oval on addition of higher concentration of NH4OH). Results The hydrodynamic sizes of prepared MSNs were (64.18 ± 6.8, 90.46 ± 7.1, 118.98 ± 7.01, 152.7 ± 1.7, and 173.9 ± 9.36 nm for MSN1, MSN2, MSN3, MSN4, and MSN5, respectively) assessed usi...
Ceramics International, 2017
Hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles have emerged as attractive drug delivery carriers. In this work, we report successful synthesis of hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles (HMSNs) using poly tert-butyl acrylate (PtBA) nanospheres as hard templates and CTAB as structure directing agent for loading sulfasalazine into its porous structure. The samples were synthesized using PtBA; sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-in an aqueous solution of CTAB and tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) as the inorganic precursor. Two different methods were utilized to remove organic phases including calcination, and acidic/basic ethanolic solvent extraction approach. For the latter, microstructural studies using SEM and N 2 porosimetery revealed the formation of highly uniform mono-dispersed particles of sphere morphology (~130 nm) with the high specific surface area (1501 m 2 /g) and mean pore size of ~2.6 nm. However, rather deformed and aggregated sphere-like particles were obtained for the calcined samples. TEM examinations also 2 confirmed the formation of 20-30 nm thick walls for the prepared HMSNs particles. Further, HMSN samples treated by solvent extraction method were functionalized by 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTS) compound for drug delivery. DTA/TG analysis showed that the total amount of loaded sulfasalazine drug was 5.1 wt%.
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles in target drug delivery system: A review
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation, 2015
Due to lack of specifi cation and solubility of drug molecules, patients have to take high doses of the drug to achieve the desired therapeutic effects for the treatment of diseases. To solve these problems, there are various drug carriers present in the pharmaceuticals, which can used to deliver therapeutic agents to the target site in the body. Mesoporous silica materials become known as a promising candidate that can overcome above problems and produce effects in a controllable and sustainable manner. In particular, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) are widely used as a delivery reagent because silica possesses favorable chemical properties, thermal stability, and biocompatibility. The unique mesoporous structure of silica facilitates effective loading of drugs and their subsequent controlled release of the target site. The properties of mesoporous, including pore size, high drug loading, and porosity as well as the surface properties, can be altered depending on additives used to prepare MSNs. Active surface enables functionalization to changed surface properties and link therapeutic molecules. They are used as widely in the fi eld of diagnosis, target drug delivery, bio-sensing, cellular uptake, etc., in the bio-medical fi eld. This review aims to present the state of knowledge of silica containing mesoporous nanoparticles and specifi c application in various biomedical fi elds.
Characterization and Comparison of Mesoporous Silica Particles for Optimized Drug Delivery
Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, 2014
In this study we have investigated the suitability of a number of different mesoporous silica nanoparticle structures for carrying a drug cargo. We have fully characterized the nanoparticles in terms of their physical parameters; size, surface area, internal pore size and structure. These data are all required if we are to make an informed judgement on the suitability of the structure for drug delivery in vivo. With these parameters in mind, we investigated the loading/unloading profile of a model therapeutic into the pore structure of the nanoparticles. We demonstrate that the release can be controlled by capping the pores on the nanoparticles to achieve temporal control of the unloading. We have also examined the rate and mechanism of the degradation of the nanoparticles over an extended period of time. The eventual dissolution of the nanoparticles after cargo release is a desirable property for a drug delivery system.
Role of mesoporous silica nanoparticles for the drug delivery applications
Materials Research Express
The mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), because of the synthesis, ease of surface functionalization, tunable pore size, large surface area, and biocompatibility, are being useful in many of the biomedical applications like drug delivery, theranostics, stem cell research, etc. It has been a potent nanocarrier for many different therapeutic agents, i.e., the surface functionalization of silica nanoparticles (SNs) with chemical agents, polymers, and supramolecular moieties enable the efficient delivery of therapeutic agents in a highly controlled manner. Also, the toxicity, biosafety, and in vivo efficiency involving biodistribution, pharmacokinetics, biodegradation, and excretion of MSNs play an important role in its involvement in the clinical applications. A coherence between chemistry and biological sciences extends its opportunities to a wide range in the field of nanomedicine such as smart drug delivery systems, functionalization and gating approach, controlled drug delivery systems, diagnostic and targeted theragnostic approach etc. Thus, taking advantage of the inbuilt properties of the MSNs applicable to the biomedical sector, the present review describes a panorama on the SNs which are presently used for the development of theragnostic probes and advanced drug delivery platforms.
Hollow Silica Nanocontainers as Drug Delivery Vehicles
Langmuir, 2008
Novel hollow silica nanoparticles (HSNPs) for drug delivery vehicles were synthesized using silica-coated magnetic assemblies, which are composed of a number of Fe 3 O 4 nanocrystals, as templates. The core cavity was obtained by removal of Fe 3 O 4 phase with hydrochloric acid and subsequent calcination at a high temperature. HSNPs were modified by amine in order to introduce positive surface charge and further PEGylated for increased solubility in aqueous medium. Doxorubicin as a model drug was loaded into the HSNPs, and notable sustained drug release from HSNPs was demonstrated.
Drug Delivery, 2014
High drug loading is one of the important issues in the drug delivery research, especially the drug delivery system by oral administration. If high drug loading carriers are utilized the times of drug intake could be significantly reduced. Accordingly in this study, ordered mesoporous SBA-15 modified with (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) was used as a carrier for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug and optimization of the loading process was done. SBA-15 silica material with rope-like morphology was synthesized and modified by post-synthesis method with APTES. The synthesized SBA-15 and modified SBA-15 were characterized by XRD, SEM, thermal analysis and FT-IR spectroscopy. Loading optimization experiments were performed by changing the factors affecting the drug loading, such as temperature, time, stirring rate, Ibuprofen/SBA-15 ratio. The results of drug delivery experiments showed that the surface modification of SBA-15 with amino groups significantly increases the drug loading and decreases the drug delivery rate.
Carboxylic modified spherical mesoporous silicas аs drug delivery carriers
International journal of pharmaceutics, 2012
The present study deals with the development and functionalization of mesoporous silica nanoparticles as drug delivery platforms. Spherical MCM-41 and SBA-15 silicas with different pore sizes (2.7 nm and 5.5 nm, respectively) were post-synthesis modified applying a new, two step process. The initial step was the modification with 3-amino-propyltriethoxysilane, and the next was the reaction with succinic anhydride in toluene in order to obtain carboxylic modified mesoporous carriers. The carboxylic-functionalized mesoporous materials were characterized by XRD, nitrogen physisorption, TEM, ATR FT-IR spectroscopy. The successful carboxylic functionalization was proved by the changes of the zeta potential of the mesoporous materials before and after modification. The parent and the carboxylic-modified MCM-41 and SBA-15 materials showed high adsorption capacity (approximately 50 wt.%, except for non-functionalized MCM-41) for sulfadiazine that possesses amino functional groups. Mesoporou...
Frontiers in Chemistry, 2022
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) are widely used as a promising candidate for drug delivery applications due to silica’s favorable biocompatibility, thermal stability, and chemical properties. Silica’s unique mesoporous structure allows for effective drug loading and controlled release at the target site. In this review, we have discussed various methods of MSNs’ mechanism, properties, and its drug delivery applications. As a result, we came to the conclusion that more in vivo biocompatibility studies, toxicity studies, bio-distribution studies and clinical research are essential for MSN advancement.
Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures, 2012
Mesoporous silica shell based nanoarchitectures as hollow, solid and rattle type coremesoporous shell have recently received attentions for their versatile applications in drug delivery, and drug controlled release. Recently we have developed double mesoporous core-shell silica nanospheres by anionic surfactant. However, in this work shell thickness, BET surface area, pore volume and pore size can be tuned by varying synthetic affected accordingly. Double mesoporous core-shell nanospheres were characterized by small angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and N 2 adsorption-desorption analysis. In that regards, variation of synthetic parameters lead to increment of shell thickness and pore volume from 28 nm to 55 nm and 0.301 to 0.371 cm 3 /g, respectively, which finally caused a drug encapsulation efficiency to be promoted from 10.71 to 20.8%. Furthermore, the drug encapsulation efficiency and release rate were found to be release rate tended to be more controlled with increasing the shell thickness and pore volume.