study of fetal central nervous system anomalies by the means of antenatal 2D ultrasound examination in varying trimesters (original) (raw)
Related papers
International Journal of Medical Research and Review, 2017
Introduction: CNS anomalies are the most serious congenital abnormalities. Ultrasound is an effective and non invasive modality of prenatal diagnosis of these anomalies. The purpose of the current study was to determine the frequency of CNS anomalies and its postnatal outcome. Objectives: Present study was undertaken to find out the incidence of CNS anomalies in utero by ultrasound and to confirm them by autopsy or postnatal examination. Materials and Methods: Ultrasound scanning of 5761 pregnant w omen was performed. Pregnancies with ultrasound findings of CNS anomalies were followed up. Prenatal findings were compared with postnatal findings and confirmed by autopsy wherever possible. In case of live birth post natal findings were noted. Results: Ultrasound detected 50 anomalies in 42 cases. Ultrasound findings were exactly matching in 90%. 4 cases had variations 3 on autopsy & 1 on postnatal USG. Conclusion: The incidence of CNS malformations on ultrasound was 0.73%. Autopsy and postnatal findings showed high degree of correlation with prenatal ultrasound findings.
2020
Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of congenital central nervous system (CNS) malformations in pregnant females coming to Radiology Department of Bahawal Victoria Hospital for antenatal ultrasonography in 2nd trimester. Place and Duration: January 2017 to December 2017 in Radiology Department of Bahawal Victoria Hospital. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Materials and Methods: 215 pregnant ladies in 2nd trimester with fetuses having congenital central nervous system malformations on antenatal ultrasound were included in this study. Results: Most common congenital CNS malformations with or without other associated defects were hydrocephalus (127 cases), Anencephaly (42) and myelomeningocele (30). Conclusion: Hydrocephalus and anencephaly were the most prevalent CNS anomalies. Obstetric USG is cost effective and noninvasive investigation in detecting congenital anomalies
Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 1998
Detection of fetal developmental abnormalities by ultrasound examination of pregnant women has become a specialized field of medicine. Quality control of this field requires detailed examination of aborted fetuses. In 408 fetuses and infants with developmental anomalies, the prenatal ultrasound findings were compared with the postmortem findings. This study focused on 140 central nervous system (CNS) anomalies. Criteria for inclusion were an ultrasound examination at the National Center for Fetal Medicine (NCFM) and an autopsy performed during the period 1985-94. Results of the ultrasound and autopsy examinations were systematized into six different categories.
Foetal central nervous system anomalies: frequency and foeto-maternal outcome
JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 2014
To assess the frequency and outcome in pregnant females suspected to have foetal central nervous system anomalies on the basis of ultrasonography. The retrospective study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Armed Forces Hospital, Southern Region, Khamis Mushait, Saudi Arabia, and comprised all women who were diagnosed by ultrasound to have foetal central nervous system abnormalities during anomaly scan at 18-20 weeks between January 2009 and December 2012. Data was retrieved from patient files and reviewed for foetal and maternal outcome. Of the 31,754 live births at the hospital during the study period, 22,880(72%) pregnant women were sent for ultrasonography to have foetal central nervous system anomalies checked. Of them, 181(0.57%) women had positive scans. Mean maternal age was 29.8±7 years and the mean gestational age at diagnosis was 24.4±7 weeks. There were 35(19%) primigravida, 108(60%) Para 2 to 5, and 38(21%) more than Para 5. Overall, 102(56.4%...
The Spectrum of Congenital Central Nervous System Anomalies Among Stillborn: An Autopsy Based Study
2020
Background: Congenital central nervous system (CNS) anomalies are the structural or functional abnormalities of the brain and spinal cord that occur during the intrauterine developmental process. Purpose: The present study aims to detect the prevalence of congenital CNS anomalies among stillborn fetuses, the association between congenital anomalies and maternal factors, and also the association between autopsy and ultrasound findings. Methods: This study was conducted on 50 stillborn fetuses, obtained from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at JSS Medical College and Hospital, Mysuru. The fetuses were fixed in 10% formalin and autopsies were performed as per the standard fetal autopsy protocol. The congenital CNS anomalies were studied in detail. Results: CNS anomalies were the most common congenital anomalies observed. Out of the total 50 stillborn fetuses studied, CNS anomalies were found in 17 fetuses and their occurrence was more common among male stillborn than females...
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH
Introduction: Congenital malformations in India accounts for 10-15% of perinatal deaths. Congenital Heart Defects (CHD) is most common congenital anomaly followed by Central Nervous System (CNS) anomalies, among which Neural Tube Defects (NTD) are most common. Folic acid deficiency can lead to NTDs and can be corrected by its supplementation in subsequent pregnancies, the authors analysed neurological anomalies in foetal and perinatal autopsies to ascertain distribution of various congenital neurological malformations and to classify those according to WHO classification system and their association with other systemic malformation. Aim: To study CNS anomalies in foetal autopsies. Materials and Methods: The present retrospective study conducted in Department of Pathology, Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubli, Karnataka, India from July 2015 to June 2020 analysed 500 foetal autopsies retrospectively. Data regarding maternal age, parity, history of previous abortion, foetal ...
Perinatal Autopsy: A 3 year Study of Central Nervous System Anomalies.
IOSR Journals , 2019
Background: CNS anomalies are due to defective closure of neural tube.It is associated with other systemic anomalies in most of the cases. This study was undertaken to determine the incidence of CNS anomalies among congenital malformations at autopsy, associated systemic anomalies, maternal age and sex of the fetus. Objectives: To determine the incidence of central nervous system anomalies among congenital malformations at perinatal autopsy. Methods: The present study comprises 62 consecutive perinatal autopsies conducted after obtaining consent from the parents/guardians. In cases where prenatal ultrasound findings were available they were compared with the autopsy findings. Results: Out of 62 perinatal autopsies, 27 cases showed congenital anomalies with M:F = 1.2:1. The malformations involving the central nervous system were commonest, seen in 9 cases (33.3%). Anencephaly is the most common type of anomaly seen in 6(66.6.%) cases. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of perinatal autopsy in confirming the diagnosis of congenital anomalies by prenatal ultrasound findings. Pathological examination of the fetus is essential to document associated anomalies.
Study of Congenital Neurological Anomalies in Foetus
Congenital defects and anomalies present at birth have induced curiosity in people, since the dawn of history. In early societies, the babies surviving with developmental defects were considered as Monsters and were thought to be a curse on the mother or family. Prehistoric period reveals the records of human congenital malformations in cave paintings, sculptures and in writings. Archeologists have found skeletons of malformed infants dating as far back as the Stone Age. In the dark middle ages, mothers were burnt for the alleged curse of giving birth to a malformed child. The present study was done on 50 still born and aborted fetus around age group of 26 weeks to 40 weeks obtained from Gandhi Hospital Secunderabad,6 of them had central nervous system abnormalities of anencephaly to spina bifida,1case of meningocele. The author found a high incidence of central nervous system anomalies which suggest that they may be due to nutritional defiencies like folic acid and vitamin B 12 as the present study involved people from rural areas around Hyderabad and Secunderabad in a low socio economic group.
Pediatric and Developmental Pathology
Objectives Central nervous system (CNS) anomalies are the second most frequent category of congenital anomalies after congenital heart defects (CHDs). In this study, the aim was to investigate the distribution of different CNS anomalies with associated anomalies and karyotype in a fetal autopsy population of terminated pregnancies over a 30-year period and to correlate the ultrasonographic diagnoses of CNS anomalies with autopsy findings. Materials and Methods This study includes 420 intact fetuses with CNS anomalies terminated at gestational ages 11+ 0 to 33+ 6 over a 30-year period from 1985 to 2014. An ultrasound (US) examination was performed at the National Centre for Fetal Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim. The autopsies were performed at the Department of Pathology at the same hospital or a collaborating hospital. The anomalies were subcategorized according to the classification by the World Health Organization. Results Neural tube defects such as anencephaly (22.4%, 10...
Study of Foetal Ultrasound of Neuroectodermal Anomalies in Antenatal Mothers
International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies, 2019
This study was to evaluate the incidence, prevalence and various types of neuroectodermal anomalies of foetuses in antenatal mothers. Methods: All pregnant women with intrauterine pregnancy of gestational age ranging from 12 weeks to Post-term cases were included for this study. We were studied on 21450 ultrasound scan of antenatal mothers, who were come for routine check up. Among them 50 foetuses anomalies were found. Results: Data was analyzed by using simple statistical methods with the help of MS-office software. All data was tabulated, and percentage was calculated. Conclusions: Neuroectodrmal anomalies of foetuses were commonly seen in maternal age group of 30-40 years and prevalence was 0.23%. Anencephaly and hydrocephalus associated with spina bifida were seen in most of the CNS anomalies foetuses. Spina bifida in the lower lumbar region associated with a meningocoele or myelomeningocoele was the most common. Hence, ultrasound is an effective investigative modality for in utero screening of congenital anomalies. Ultrasound imaging in antenatal period practically gives an anatomical record of the developing foetus. So that early detection of anomalies especially in first and early second trimester helps in planning termination, interventions and further management of neuroectodermal anomalies foetus.