Removal of methylene blue dye from an aqueous media using superabsorbent hydrogel supported on modified polysaccharide (original) (raw)
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Polymer Bulletin, 2011
The present study examined the use of ghassoul, natural clay available in large quantities under the Atlas Mountains in Morocco, for the removal of the basic dye, methylene blue, from aqueous solutions. The effect of initial dye concentrations, agitation time, pH and temperature on adsorption capacities of methylene blue was investigated. The initial pH of the aqueous solution and the change of temperature (25-55 °C) were found to have little effect on the adsorption process. The adsorption was a rapid with 90-99% of the dye removed within the first 10-20 min. The adsorption kinetics are described successfully using a pseudo-second order rate equation and the rate constant decreases with increasing the initial concentration of MB. Experimental and calculated kinetic data for equilibrium are well expressed by Langmuir isotherm. The equilibrium adsorption capacity of ghassoul was determined with the Langmuir equation as well as the pseudo-second-order rate equation and found to be >290 mg dye per gram of the adsorbent. The results indicate that ghassoul could be employed as a low cost alternative to commercial activated carbon in wastewater treatment for the removal of colour and dyes.
Iranian Journal of Environmental Health Science & Engineering, 2010
Dye removal from wastewater has received considerable attention with several classes of dye being investigated. Methylene blue has wide applications and can cause some harmful effects in humans. The use of clean technology of low-priced and biodegradable absorbents could be a good tool to minimize the environmental impact caused by dye manufacturing and textile effluents.The present study deals with the preparation of a novel sIPN (semi interpenetrating) hydrogel composed of copolymer of acrylamide and acrylicacid with poly vinyl alcohol as linear polymer there in. The adsorption abilities of hydrogels with different molar ratios for removal of methylene blue from aqueous solutions were investigated. A weighed quantity of dry hybrid hydrogel was immersed in 50 ppm MB solution and kept at 37 o C. The amount of MB adsorbed was measured spectrophotometrically (λ= 661.6 nm) in periodically taken solution samples. The maximum dye adsorption concentration for hydrogel composites was 95% a...
2021
The performance of poly(methacrylic acid-co-acrylamide/nanoclay composite (poly(MAA-co-AAm)/NCC) hydrogel to adsorb methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solutions was investigated and the adsorption efficiency was improved by incorporating Cloisite 30B nanoclays in the adsorbent structure. The hydrogels were analyzed using FTIR, XRD, TGA, and SEM analysis. The effect of adsorbent dose, temperature, initial dye concentration, contact time, and pH on the efficiency of the adsorption process was investigated. Adsorption efficiencies of 98.57 and 97.65% were obtained for poly(MAA-co-AAm)/NCC and poly(MAA-co-AAm) hydrogels, respectively. Kinetic study revealed that the adsorption process followed pseudo-first-order kinetic model and α-parameter values of 6.558 and 1.113 mg/g.min were obtained for poly(MAA-co-AAm)/NCC and poly(MAA-co-AAm) hydrogels, respectively indicating a higher ability of nanocomposite hydrogel in adsorbing MB-dye. In addition, the results of the intra-particle diffus...
Acrylonitrile (AN) was homopolymerized to polyacrylonitrile (PAN) using potassium persulphate as an initiator. The cyano groups of AN chains were iminated through treating AN with polyethyleneimine (PEI) in an aqueous solution. Iminated polyacrylonitrile (IPAN), characterized by chemical analysis, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) studies, was used as an adsorbent for the removal of Methylene Blue (MB) dye from its aqueous solutions. All factors affecting the adsorption of MB onto the adsorbent IPAN, like agitation duration, temperature, adsorbent dose and the initial concentration of dye solution were extensively studied. Two adsorption isotherm models, namely Langmuir model and Freundlich model were applied to the adsorption data. The adsorption data fitted well to both models. The Langmuir adsorption capacity (Q o) was found to be 54 mg/g. Freundlish constants, K F and n, were found to be 1.459 and 1.7, respectively. The results of the desorption study show that 92% of the adsorbed dye could be desorbed when shaking the dye-loaded adsorbent with distilled water for three hours at 40°C.
International Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2012
In this work poly(methacrylic acid) hydrogels were prepared by free radical aqueous polymerization of methacrylic acid(MAc) using N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide (MB) as crosslinker and potassium persulfate (KPS) as initiator. The hydrogels were characterized by FTIR and TG analysis. The gels exhibited pH-dependent swelling behavior, with equilibrium percent mass swellings of about 110 and 403 at pH 1.0 and 7.4 respectively. The swelling exponent, n, was found to be 0.31 and 0.59 respectively, thus indicating a diffusion controlled and chain relaxation controlled swelling at these pH values respectively. The equilibrium adsorption of a cationic dye Methylene Blue (MB) was studied at 25 0 C using the Langmuir and the Freundlich adsorption isotherm models. The maximum sorption capacity Q 0 was found to be 169.43 mg/g. The equilibrium dye uptake was found to increase with the pH of the adsorbate medium and attained an optimum value of 77.8 mg/g for the initial dye concentration of 200 mg/L at 25 0 C at pH 5.2. The adsorption showed negative temperature dependency thus suggesting exothermic nature of the adsorption process. Finally, the various thermodynamic parameters were also evaluated.
Macromol
Removal of dyes through adsorption from wastewater has gained substantial interest in recent years, especially in development of hydrogel based adsorbents, owing to their easy use and economical nature. The aim of the present study was to design a super-adsorbent hydrogel based on sodium styrenesulfonate (NaSS) monomer for removal of dyes like methylene blue (MB). NaSS displays both an aromatic ring and strongly ionic group in its monomer structure that can enhance adsorption capacity. Poly(sodium styrenesulfonate-co-dimethylacrylamide) hydrogels were prepared by solution free radical polymerization using gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) as crosslinker, creating a highly porous, three-dimensionally crosslinked polymer network contributing to higher swelling ratios of up to 27,500%. These super-adsorbent hydrogels exhibited high adsorption capacity of 1270 mg/g for MB adsorption with above 98% removal efficiency. This is the first report for such a high adsorption capacity for dye absorb...
A novel, regenerative and biodegradable acrylic acid hydrogel having different chitosan composition (w = 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 %) was constructed using gamma radiation from the Cobalt-60 source. The prepared hydrogel was treated with alkali to enhance its dye adsorption capacity. Uptake capability of the hydrogel at different chitosan percentage, contact time, pH, and methylene blue (MB) concentrations was measured using UV Spectrometer. MB uptake ability obtained was found to escalate proportionately with escalating chitosan percentage and alkali treatment. Kinetics and isotherm of MB adsorption mechanism were analyzed. Pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir isotherm model were followed by the Hydrogel MB uptake capacity. The adsorption efficiency of monolayer saturation of the alkali-treated adsorbent was 322 mg/g as obtained from Langmuir equation. Desorption and reuses of the hydrogel were successfully carried out. The results indicated that acrylic acid-chitosan hydrogel is feasible for elimination of toxic cationic dyes efficiently. INTRODUCTION Polluted wastewater discharged from various industries such as cosmetics, food coloring textile, dying, and printing contributes to enormous production of colored sewages [1]. Over 10,000 dyes are available commercially and about 7×10 5 tons of them are produced every year from various sources [2]. Around 2% dyes are expulsed to effluents from mechanized maneuvers, and 10% from textile and related industries each year [3]. Releasing dyes into water bodies in slightest amount can have a massive negative impact on the marine habitats and food chain. Besides, dyes are the cause of allergy and numerous skin diseases. Some of them even cause cancers and mutations in marine life form and human beings [4]. Out of them, methylene blue (MB) is the major matter used for coloring silk and cotton. MB is a cationic thiazine dye, chemically termed as tetramethylthionine chloride and easily recognizable due to its profound blue appearance which shows absorption maxima around two wavelengths 609 and 664 nm [5]. MB can create eye burns and severely damage the eyes of living beings. If inhaled, it causes breathing problems. If ingested, it creates a burning feeling and nausea, mental confusion vomiting tendency, and massive sweating [6]. Therefore, eliminating MB from wastewater is extremely necessary. Most dyes are neither photodegradable nor biodegradable [7-9]. Thus scientists have been trying their various approaches in order to solve this problem. Until now, various methods like flocculation and coagulation [10], membrane separation [11], oxidation or ozonation [12, 13], electro-coagulation [14] and adsorption have been employed for eliminating dyes. Out of them, adsorption is quite effective, cheap and crucial method for removing dyes [15-17]. Various adsorbents have been constructed for the elimination of color from effluents. Major drawbacks of many adsorbents were low de-colorization rate and secondary pollution of adsorbing materials. In recent times, elimination of dyes with the help of functional polymers has turned out to be a potential technique. Diverse polymeric sorbents specifically hydrogels consisting functional groups which is capable of forming dye-complex received significant notice and were examined [18-19]. Hydrogel consists of numerous chains of hydrophilic polymer forming a complex network among them. [20]. The potential uses of hydrogel is innumerable. It is extremely hydrophilic, possesses good swelling percentage and biocompatible. All these properties make hydrogels highly usable for various purposes. Hydrogel has been used as water purification material, as an efficient carrier for drug delivery, antibacterial materials, producing self-healing materials, mimicking as muscles in tissue engineering, artificial organ generation, biosensors and sorbents to eliminate of heavy metals and dyes from wastewater. Presently, many researches are ongoing on hydrogel focusing its application in different fields. In the present study, acrylic acid-chitosan hydrogels were prepared from their aqueous solutions by the application of gamma radiation. The prepared hydrogels were investigated for adsorbing methylene blue. Half of the prepared hydrogels were alkali treated to improve dye uptake capability. Dye uptake capability of alkali treated hydrogel was also studied at different chitosan percentage, different contact times, pH, and concentration of methylene blue solution. Desorption and reuses of the hydrogels were investigated.
Removal of Acid Dyes from Wastewater using poly(Acrylamide-Vinylimidazole) Hydrogel
Pamukkale University Journal of Engineering Sciences, 2019
Bu çalışmada, asidik bir boyarmadde olan Asit Mavi 193 (Isolan Dark Blue 2S-GL-03)'ün sulu çözeltiden yeni sentezlenen poli(Akrilamid-Vinilimidazol) (poli(AAm-VI)) hidrojeli kullanılarak kesikli sistemde adsorpsiyon ile giderimi incelenmiştir. Sentezlenen hidrojelin SEM, FTIR ve TGA yöntemleri ile karakterizasyonu yapılmıştır. Adsorpsiyon prosesi üzerine boyarmaddenin başlangıç derişimi, çözeltinin başlangıç pH değeri, hidrojel miktarı, temas süresi ve karıştırma hızının etkileri araştırılmıştır. Hidrojel miktarı arttığı zaman adsorplanan boya miktarının arttığı belirlenmiştir. En fazla adsorpsiyon pH 1.5 değerinde meydana geldiği gözlenmiştir. Başlangıç Asit Mavi 193 boyar madde derişimi, çözeltinin başlangıç pH değeri, karıştırma hızı ve hidrojel miktarı sırasıyla 250 mg/L, 1.5, 600 rpm ve 2 g/L iken 90 dakika işlem süresi sonunda elde edilen giderim yüzdesi %99.8'dir. Boyarmaddenin poli(AAm-VI) hidrojeli ile arasındaki ilişkiyi ifade etmek için Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin ve Dubinin-Radushkevich adsorpsiyon izotermeleri kullanılmış ve kinetik analizleri yapılmıştır. Korelasyon katsayısının (R2) değeri, farklı modellerin en iyi model uyumu göstergesi olarak kullanılmış ve denge verilerinin R2'leri büyük olan Freundlich izoterm modeline ve yalancı ikinci mertebe kinetik modeline uyduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar, poli (AAm-VI) hidrojelin, asidik boyalarının kirli sudan uzaklaştırılması için uygun bir sorbent olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir. In this study, the removal of acidic dyestuff, Acid Blue 193 (Isolan Dark Blue 2S-GL-03) from the aqueous solution by using the newly synthesized poly (Acrylamide-Vinimidimidazole) (poly (AAm-VI)) hydrogel in the batch system was investigated by adsorption. The synthesized hydrogel was characterized by SEM, FTIR and TGA methods. The effects of the initial concentration of dyestuff , initial pH value of solution, hydrogel dosage, contact time and stirring speed on the adsorption process were studied. It was determined that the amount of the adsorbed dyestuff increased when hydrogel dosage increased. The maximum adsorption was observed to occur at pH 1.5. While the initial solution concentration, initial pH value, contact time, stirring speed, and hydrogel dosage were 250 mg/L, 1.5, 90 minute, 600 rpm, and 2 g/L, respectively, the efficiency of dye adsorption on hydrogel was 99.8%. Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich adsorption isotherms were used to express the relationship of dyestuff with poly (AAm-VI) hydrogel and kinetic analyzes were performed. The correlation coefficient (R2) was used as an indicator of the best model fit of the different models and it was determined that the equilibrium data fit the Freundlich isotherm model and the pseudo second order kinetic model which have large R2 values. The results showed that poly (AAm-VI) hydrogel could be used as a suitable sorbent to remove acidic dyes from contaminated water.
2021
One of the major environmental problems is the entry of colored pollutants into the oceans and seas. Adsorption is one of the effective methods to eliminate colorant polluting materials from wastewater streams. In this study, nanocomposite hydrogels of poly(methacrylic acid-co-acrylamide) (Poly(MAA-co-AAm)) containing different weight percent bentonite clay nanoparticles (0, 5, 10, and 15 wt. %) were used to remove methyl violet (MV) dye. FTIR, SEM, TGA, and XRD were used to analyze the properties of adsorbents. Results showed that bentonite nanoparticles were successfully distributed in the hydrogel system. Bentonite nanoparticles at 10 wt. % gave the maximum MV dye adsorption efficiency. The highest adsorption was obtained at a pH of 5, an adsorbent dosage of 1.5 g/L, a temperature of 25°C, a contact time of 60 min, and a pollutant concentration of 10 mg/L. In thermodynamics studies, a negative values of Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) indicating that the adsorption process was spontaneou...
caspian journal of environmental sciences, 2021
Pollution of water resources with various organic and inorganic pollutants is one of the biggest challenges of the present age. These infections seriously threaten human health and the lives of plants and animals. To minimize the mischievous effects of polluted water, technology-based smart treatment methods are necessary for sustainable equipping of drinking water. Application of (AAC-co-AM)-g-MCC hydrogels for the percentage removal of dye Methyl volute MV, from aqueous solutions have been studied. The synthesized (AAC-co-AM)-g-MCC hydrogels was described via FTIR, Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and UV-visible spectroscopy. The experiments held out in batch method effect of the factor like the solution of pH, initial concentration dye, and solution of temperature on the removal percentage of dye was studied. Contact time was done in 120 min. The data appear that an amount of 0.08 g (AAC-co-AM)-g-MCC hydrogels showed maximum removal percentage capacity of dye (100 mg L-1). Maxim...