Snack consumption patterns and their associations with risk of incident metabolic syndrome: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (original) (raw)

Aim: Few studies considered the association between snack patterns and metabolic abnormalities. Here we aimed to characterize the major snack patterns among Iranian adults and determine their association with the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components.Methods: This study was conducted on 1713 MetS-free adults who participated in the third phase of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS). At baseline, dietary intake of snack was assessed using a validated 168-items food frequency questionnaire, and snack patterns were obtained by principal component analysis (PCA). Adjusted Hazard Ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for the association of incident MetS and its components with the extracted snack patterns.Results: PCA identified five major snack patterns, defined as "healthy pattern", "low-fructose pattern", "high-trans pattern", "high-caffeine pattern" and "high-fructose pattern". Participan...

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