EVALUATION OF WATER QUALITY INDEX FOR ASSESSMENT OF (original) (raw)
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Pollution Research, 2014
The environmental quality is greatly focused on water because of its importance in maintaining the human health and health of the ecosystem. The Water Quality Index (WQI) is an arithmetic tool used to transform large water quality data into a single number which represents the water quality level for human consumption. In the present study (April 2012 to March 2013), surface water samples in summer, monsoon and winter seasons were collected at three sampling sites in the Budhi Gandak River near Khagaria for assessment of river water quality. The water quality variables analyzed for assessment of river water quality included temperature, pH, turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), conductivity, total hardness (TH), dissolved oxygen (DO), total alkalinity (TA), phosphate (PO¯), nitrate (NO¯) and chloride (Cl¯). The results indicated that most of the physico-chemical parameters were within the WHO limits (1998) and BIS: 10500(2004-2005) for drinking water except turbidity values which exceeded (18.55-58.37 NTU) the maximum permissible limit of Indian standards at all the three sites in all the three seasons (except site II value during winter). The seasonal water quality data showed the pH in the range of 6.9-7.3, DO in the range of 4.9-8.71 mg/L and total hardness in the range of 187.5-246.0 mg/L. A water quality index was calculated considering relative weights of 9 water quality parameters following the calculation method prescribed by Ramakrishnaiah et al., 2009 and Gebrehiwot et al., 2011. WQI were in the range of good category (63.45-87.35) in summer and winter seasons at each site and in the range of poor category in monsoon season almost at all the three sites.
The environmental quality is greatly focused on water because of its importance in maintaining the human health and health of the ecosystems. The Water Quality Index (WQI) is an arithmetic tool used to transform large water quality data into a single number which represents the water quality level for human consumption. In the present study (April 2012 to March 2013), surface water samples in summer, monsoon and winter seasons were collected at three sampling sites in the Budhi Gandak River near Khagaria for assessment of river water quality. The water quality variables analyzed for assessment of river water quality included temperature, pH, turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), conductivity, total hardness (TH), dissolved oxygen (DO ), total alkalinity (TA), phosphate (PO4-P), nitrate (NO3-N) and chloride (Cl¯). The results indicated that most of the physico-chemical parameters were within the WHO limits (1998) and BIS: 10500(2004-2005) for drinking water except turbidity values which exceeded (18.55- 58.37 NTU) the maximum permissible limit of Indian standards at all the three sites in all the three seasons (except site II value during winter). The seasonal water quality data showed the pH in the range of 6.9-7.3, DO in the range of 4.9-8.71 mg/L and total hardness in the range of 187.5-246.0 mg/L. A water quality index was calculated considering relative weights of 9 water quality parameters following the calculation method prescribed by Ramakrishnaiah et al., 2009 and Gebrehiwot et al., 2011. WQI were in the range of good category (63.45-87.35) in summer and winter seasons at each site and in the range of poor category in monsoon season almost at all the three sites. KEY WORDS : River Budhi Gandak, Water Quality, WQI
Water Quality Evaluation in Term of WQI River Tungabhadra, Karnataka, India.
International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering , 2019
The study reports the Weighted Arithmetic Water Quality Index (WQI a) value obtained for River Tungabhadra, a major tributary of Krishna River basin. A WQI a delivers a unique rating that gives whole water quality at a specific stretch and period depending upon some water quality constraints. The principle point of a WQI a is to give complex water quality insights into data that is clear and useable by the community. Some of most critical water quality parameters such as pH, Total dissolved solids (TDS), Total alkalinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), Total hardness (TH), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and electrical conductivity (EC) were Used for evaluating the WQI a. The WQI a esteems for the Tungabhadra River oscillate from 40 to 156. The estimations of WQI a exhibited that the stream water was free of any impurities at the examining sites aside from 2-3 months where its qualities were under good condtion. On every occasion there are anthropogenic influence viz industrial effluent, agricultural runoff and domestic sewage which is directly discharge into stream water gets contaminated to some level and hence of WQI declines. It is opinioned that WQI a can be used as a device in relating the water-quality of different sources. It delivers the community a overall awareness of the thinkable glitches with water in a specific stretch. The WQI are among the best approaches to convey the data on water-quality pattern to the public community or to the water quality policy-makers and which is help full to drive suitable mitigative measure. Rundown phrases-water-quality parameter, weighted arithmetic water quality index (WQI), Tungabhadra River.
Water quality categorization using WQI in rural areas of Haridwar, India
The present study was carried out for assessment of ground water quality in rural areas of district Haridwar. This study would provide baseline data for ground water management. For this purpose, Groundwater is indispensable for continuity of life and sustainability of environment. It is needed in almost every sphere of human activity. Hence, this study is aimed to assessing the ground water quality in Haridwar district, Uttarakhand, India, with respect to drinking and irrigation uses. Ground water samples were collected from 6 different sites to evaluate the ground water quality. Overall, the physico-chemical parameters of groundwater in the study area were found under permissible limit proposed by WHO and BIS. In order to assist the interpretation of the water status of hydric resource, the Water Quality Index (WQI) was considered. This index depict the technical information in description of the water quality status, highlighting the effectiveness of its use and guiding the decision-making process when necessary. Water Quality Index (WQI) values for all sites indicates that the water quality of ground water is in excellent class (WQI<50) and suitable for drinking and irrigation purposes. This research offered the need of an effective evaluation of the ground water quality and its utility for human health.
The Ecoscan 10(1&2), 2016
The present work deals with the assessment of the Water Quality Index (WQI) of the ground water (hand pumps) as well as surface water (Budhi Gandak River) in Khagaria town, Bihar in order to ascertain the quality of water for public consumption, recreation and other purposes. In this study, WQI was determined on the basis of seasonal variations in important water quality parameters such as pH, temperature, total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), total hardness (TH), bicarbonate (HCO3-), phosphate (PO4-P), nitrate (NO3-N ), chloride (Cl-) and turbidity. The results in the present study indicated that most of the water quality parameters analyzed were within the WHO and BIS limits for drinking water except turbidity values that exceeded permissible limit in surface water and some samples of ground water. WQI values of surface water at all the three sites in all the three seasons were categorized in Excellent (40.09-42.35), Good (52.09-99.13) and Poor (103.67-126.76) categories whereas ground water samples in Excellent (42.9249.85) and Good (51.23-73.79) categories. WQI was in good correlation with phosphate and turbidity in all the three seasons at all the three sites. The study suggests that river water is not suitable for human consumption during monsoon months. Ground water is suitable for drinking in all the three seasons at all the three sites.
Drinking Water Quality Assessment Using WQI in Bhokardan Area of Jalna District, Maharashtra State
Applied Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2021
The quality of surface and ground water resources is deteriorating with time due to numerous natural and anthropogenic sources of pollution. As surface and ground water is major source of drinking water in rural area in the study area, made essential to monitor its quality regularly. Water Quality Index (WQI) show a significant role and a useful tool for evaluating the overall quality of water aimed for drinking purpose. This method converts the complex and large data on water quality trends to a single value which can be easily understandable to the common public, local governing bodies and policymakers. In the present research work an attempt was made to check suitability of surface and ground water for drinking purpose using Water Quality Index method. The water quality was estimated by analyzing selected physico-chemical parameters which play significant role in determining water quality such as pH, Alkalinity, Electrical Conductivity, Fluoride, Chloride, Nitrate, Sulphate, Potassium, Total Hardness, E. Coli, Turbidity, Total Dissolved Solids, Dissolved Oxygen and Biochemical Oxygen Demand. Total 32 surface and 35 ground water samples were collected from different selected locations in the study area during pre and post-monsoon seasons respectively. The overall results revealed that almost all the surface water sources from the Bhokardan area, Jalna District, India was found unsuitable for drinking purposes. The application of WQI method to evaluate sequential variations in surface as well as ground water quality was therefore found suitable and effective tool for monitoring and proper management of drinking water resources.
Water Quality Assessment of Six Water Bodies of River Godavari using WAWQI and NSFWQI
2019
Water bodies such as rivers, lakes and ponds act like big reservoirs for water supply and at the same time they act as dumping pools for waste discharges. The key step for the supervision of water systems is to obtain information on the changes of quality data with respect to time and place. Water Quality Index (WQI) is a statistical precise tool that converts large water quality data into a distinct and unique number that is easily understood by the public. In the present study, commonly used WQI’s say Weighted Average Water Quality Index (WAWQI) and National Sanitation Foundation Water Quality Index (NSFWQI) were calculated for six streams of River Godavari. The values of WQI calculated for six streams in three seasons were relatively poor and require well-organized treatment before the water from these bodies is used for any purpose.
Assessment of water quality index for ground water of industrialized area of Surat city, Gujarat, India have been done by calculating Water quality Index value. The physicochemical analysis of 09 ground water samples namely Pandesara housing colony, Pandesara gam, Bhatpor, Bhestan, Udhna Gam., Limbayat, Damka, Sachin GIDC, Sachin gam were done by using APHA standard methods of analysis. The results of the analysis when compared with desirable limits of Indian standards for Drinking Water (IS: 10500.1993), in all the 09 sampling stations, most of the selected water quality parameters were observed above desirable limit. The WQI values of 09 ground water samples located nearer to industrialized area were found in the range of 179.82-1257.2 in winter season, 219.2-1290.11 in summer season, 167.42-1244.6 in post monsoon season. Based on average value of WQI, highest WQI was found in ground water sample of Udhna Gam (1263.97). Udhna Gam is very nearer to the Udhna GIDC (which are having 700 large scale and 6000 small scale industries of textile, chemical, pharmaceutical and metal industries) and the Udhna Khadi is 1.0-1.5 km away from the sampling point into which effluents of industries are discharged. The higher values of WQI was found (for all 09 ground water samples) in summer season may be due to the lowering of water table, while the values of WQI in winter and post monsoon season is comparatively lower due to recharging of bore wells in the rainy season. All 09 ground water samples of industrialized area were having high WQI values, from these results, it is concluded that none of the studied 09 sources can be used for drinking, domestic or for industrial purposes.