Determination Medical Parameter and the Most Effective Antihypertensive (original) (raw)
Related papers
Indian Research Journal of Pharmacy and Science, 2018
Background: Hypertension is the continuous increased arterial blood pressure. More than 25 antihypertensive agents are present for therapy according to patient factors. Administration of agents depends on the scale of therapy according to degree of hypertension. Aim: To follow up the model use of antihypertensive agents in hypertensive Jordanian subjects for hypertension control. Methods: This prospective and double blind investigation included 211 outpatient adult hypertensive participants having or not other Comorbid diseases , aged 30-70 years, of both sexes and who visited the general medicine clinic at Prince Hashim military hospital, Zarqa, JORDAN, during the period Apr 2016-Feb 2018. The data's for use of antihypertensive agents were collected from patient's medical files. The antihypertensive agents included were: Beta Blockers (BBs), Diuretics, Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACEI), Calcium Channel Blockers (CCBs), and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) .Antihypertensive agents use prevalence and percentage as single or multiple therapy was evaluated. Z test was used to record the P value of age difference between two sexes. P value was considered statistically significant if it was less than 0.05. Results: The most commonly single used antihypertensive agents were Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACEI) (28.3%). In decreasing order come: Calcium Channel Blockers (CCBs) (23.3%), BBs (Beta Blockers)(18.3%), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) (18.3%) and diuretics(11.7%). Multiple therapies was administered more in 71.6% (151) of patients than single therapy which was administered in 28.4% (60) of patients. Hypertension was more in men with increasing age than women. Conclusion: Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors were the commonest antihypertensive used agents whether in single or multiple therapies.
ANTI HYPERTENSIVE MEDICATION PRESCRIBING PATTERNS IN A UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITAL IN SOUTH DELHI
To investigate the use of antihypertensive drugs in hypertensive patients and to identify whether such pattern of prescription is appropriate in accordance with international guidelines for management of hypertension. Methods: This was a prospective analysis. A prescription based survey among patients with established hypertension was conducted at the Medicine Out-Patient Department of University Teaching Hospital in South Delhi, India. Data were collected from patients' medical records as well as patients' interviews. Results: A total of 192 hypertensive patients fulfilled the criteria for inclusion in the study analysis. Combination therapy was used more commonly than monotherapy (54.6% vs 45.4). Among the monotherapy category, the various classes of drugs used were as follows: beta-blockers (28.8%), diuretics (24.1%), calcium channel blockers (21.8%), ACE inhibitors (18.4%), angiotensin II receptor blockers (5.7%) and α 1-blocker (1.1%). With respect to overall utilization pattern, diuretics (42.2%) were the most frequently prescribed class, beta-blockers (41.2%) ranked second followed by calcium channel blockers (39.1%), ACE inhibitors (26.0%), angiotensin II receptor blockers (23.4%) and α 1-blocker (9.4%). As for individual medicines, amlodipine (35.4%) was the most commonly prescribed antihypertensive drug followed by atenolol (17.8%), ramipril (17.2 %) and furosemide (13.0 %). Among the combination therapies, 2-drug treatment was preferred for 75% of the hypertensive patients with CCB and β-blocker being the most frequent drug combination (22.4%). Conclusion: The general pattern of antihypertensive utilization seems to be in accordance with the international guidelines for management of hypertension.
International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2016
Objective: To study the prescribing patterns of antihypertensive (AHT) drugs in hypertensive (HTN) patients and hypertension with diabetes mellitus (HTN with DM) patients in tertiary care hospital, to assess the rationality of prescribing patterns, to compare the hypertension management with Joint National Committee-7 guidelines (JNC-7). Methods: A prospective study was conducted over a period of 6 mo in the medicine department of Bharati Hospital and Research Centre, Pune. HTN and (HTN with DM patients. Who met the study criteria were enrolled in the study. The pattern of antihypertensive medications prescribed was studied and analyzed using Microsoft excel 2010 and Statistical. The rational prescribing pattern was assessed by using JNC 7 guidelines and World Health Organization (WHO) indicators. Results: Total of 60 patients included in this study, 43 (71.7 %) were HTN patients, and 17 (28.3 %) were HTN with DM patients. There were 29 (48.33 %) males and 31 (51.66 %) female patients were involved. 45 % of patients had pre-hypertension, 33.33 % had stage-1 hypertension, 8.4 % had stage-2 hypertension other 13.33 % patients are on Antihypertensive medications and whose Blood Pressure (BP) were normal according to JNC-7. In hypertensive 47.05 % patient had prescribed Calcium Channel Blockers (CCBs) as monotherapy along with 87.5 % Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs) with diuretics as combination therapy. In HTN with DM 46.15 % patients had prescribed Angiotensin Converting Enzymes (ACEs) as monotherapy along with 62.5 % CCBs with BBs were prescribed according to JNC-7. As per WHO indicators, average no. of medicines prescribed per prescription was 2.91 and all antihypertensive medicines in the study population were prescribed rationally. Conclusion: The present study represents the current prescribing trend for antihypertensive agents. It implies that. In hypertensive patients ARBs are the leading group of antihypertensive agents as monotherapy and ARBs with diuretics as a combination therapy according to JNC 7.
Prescribing Trend of Antihypertensive Drugs in Sri Ganganagar District: A Retrospective Study
Objective: The choice of drug for the treatment of hypertension changes at short intervals. Drug utilization studies conducted at regular intervals help to guide the physician in prescribing drugs rationally. The present study was done to analyze the prescribing patterns of antihypertensive drugs in a North Indian hospital. Material & method: A retrospective, cross sectional analysis of prescriptions of antihypertensive cases admitted in Medicine in-patient wards of civil hospital of Sri Ganganagar was conducted. All the prescription files with diagnosis of essential hypertension were analyzed. Prescriptions for hypertension with other co-morbid conditions were also included. Frequency and proportions of utilization of antihypertensive medications were charted and figured. Result: During the study period, there were 435 prescriptions for essential hypertension. The most frequently prescribed antihypertensive medications were: monotherapy (42.06%), (57.94%) of patients were on multiple drug therapy, the most favored fixed drug combination being diuretics with angiotensin receptor blockers (31.74%). Conclusion: The present study revealed that Angiotensin receptor blockers are the drugs of choice as monotherapy and as combination therapy for hypertensives. This pattern of prescription is also supported by the current JNC VIII guidelines for the treatment of hypertension.
Pattern of drugs prescribed for treatment of hypertensive patients: Bangladesh
African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 2016
The exponential increase in patients with hypertension puts an enormous burden on healthcare providers. To describe the trends in the prescription of antihypertensive medication in a tertiary care hospital, Bangladesh is the objective of the study. This is a hospital based descriptive cross sectional study conducted at the Medicine outpatient Department in Dhaka Medical College Hospital. Patients more than 20 years of age suffering from Hypertension were included in the study. Data was collected by interviewing using a semi-structured questionnaire and analysed by computer with the help of SPSS 16. A total hundred patients were included in the study and 61.6% patients were prescribed on single drug and 38.4% patients were prescribed on combined therapy. Among the prescriptions having single anti-hypertensive medication most commonly used drugs are Angiotensin Receptor Antagonist (37.3%), Calcium Channel Blocker (32.8%), and ACE Inhibitor (17.9%), Beta Blocker (6%), Alpha Blocker (3%), Thiazide and non-Thiazide Diuretics 1.5% each. Among the prescriptions having combined drug therapy Angiotensin Receptor Blocker along with Calcium Channel Blocker and Calcium Channel Blocker along with Beta Blocker were equally (28.1%) chosen by the physicians and use of Angiotensin Receptor Blocker along with Diuretics was 25%, ACE Inhibitor with Calcium Channel Blocker 3.1%, ACE Inhibitor with Diuretics 3.1%, Thiazide and Non Thiazide Diuretics was 3.1% and other drugs were used for 9.5%. Pattern of using antihypertensive medications varies according to presence of co-morbidities and duration but does not vary significantly between male and female patients.
Effectiveness of Antihypertensive Agents Among Hypertensive Patients of Nepal
International Research Journal of Pharmacy, 2014
These investigations compare the effectiveness of antihypertensive agents among hypertensive patients. It was an open label, prospective and comparative study carried out in the Outpatient department at BPKIHS, Dharan, Sunsari, Nepal. Patients of either sex aged between 25-80 years suffering from mild to moderate hypertension were randomly selected. In this study indicate various types of antihypertensive drugs for the management of hypertension like Calcium channel blockers (amlodipine), Angiotensin Converting enzyme inhibitors (Enalpril), beta adrenergic blocker (metoprolol, propranolol, atenolol), Angiotension receptor blocker (Losartan), Diuretics (Spironolactone, Furesomide). In this study, out of 40 patients of stage 1 hypertension: 18 % patients were treated with ARBs, 30 % patients were treated with CCBs, 15 % patients with CCBs + diuretics, 8 % patients with β-blockers + ARBs, 10 % with ACE inhibitors and 12.5 % patients were treated with β-blockers + CCBs. Similarly, out of 15 patients of stage 2 hypertensive patients, 6 % patients were treated with ARBs + diuretics, 13 % patients with ARBs + β blockers, 20 % with CCBs + diuretics, 20 % with β blockers + ACE inhibitors and 40 % patients were treated with CCBs + ARBs. Three drug combined therapy is more effective as compared to two drug combined therapy and mono therapy. In this study, male hypertensive patients were observed more susceptible with severe hypertension as compared to female hypertensive patients. The reason corresponding to this statement might be more stressful life style and frequent smoking habit as well as more alcohol consumption habit of male as compared to female.
Drug Utilisation Study in the Treatment of Hypertension in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare, 2017
BACKGROUND Hypertension, a common clinical problem is considered as an 'iceberg disease' because its unknown morbidity far exceeds the known morbidity. In terms of attributable deaths, it is one of the leading behavioural and physiological risk factors amounting to 13% of global deaths. Drug selection is based on efficacy in lowering BP (blood pressure) and in reducing Cardiovascular (CV) endpoints like stroke, myocardial infarction and heart failure. This study was carried out to evaluate the pattern, extent, rationality and frequency of the use of antihypertensive drugs in the treatment of hypertension. The aim of the study is to analyse drug utilisation in the treatment of hypertension in a tertiary care hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was conducted during January 2014 to December 2015 in Medicine OPD (Outpatient Department) in a tertiary care hospital. The sample size was selected as per the WHO recommendations on conducting Drug Utilisation Studies (DUS). Statistical Analysis-The collected data was numerically coded and entered in Microsoft Excel 2007 and analysed by SPSS version 16. Settings and Design-Prospective, cross-sectional, observational study. RESULTS Out of 612 patients, 262 (42.81%) were in the age group of 60 and above. Considering gender distribution, 328 (53.59%) were males and 284 (46.41%) were females. Of these, 274 (44.78%) were prescribed monotherapy, 256 (41.83%) were prescribed two-drug therapy, 72 (11.76%) were prescribed three-drug therapy and 10 (1.63%) were prescribed four-drug therapy. Among 274 (44.78%) patients prescribed with monotherapy, 112 (40.87%) were prescribed with CCB (calcium channel blocker), 76 (27.73%) were given BB (B-blocker), 45 (16.42%) were prescribed ACEI (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor), 35 (12.77%) were prescribed with ARB (angiotensin receptor blocker) and 6 (2.18%) were prescribed with Diuretics (D). Of the total antihypertensive drugs prescribed, 68.30% were prescribed by generic name, while 25.98% were prescribed as FDCs (fixed drug combination) and 39.05% of antihypertensive drugs were from NLEM (national list of essential medicine). Average number of drugs prescribed per encounter in our study was 2.42, while number of antihypertensive drugs per encounter were 1.34. CONCLUSION The findings of our study suggest that majority of prescriptions had generic names of the drugs. Improving practitioners' knowledge and attitude in rational prescribing can prove to be a cornerstone in achieving rational use of antihypertensive drugs.
To investigate which antihypertensive drug is the most popular prescription amongst Physicians
Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, 2021
Background:Globally, hypertension has been recognized as a main health problem for under developed as well as developed countries. It can also be defined as a non- transmittable illness due to its high rate of death and delay in early diagnosis, it is called “silent killer”. There are limited research findings available in Pakistan forassessing it’sprevalenceand no latest researches are carried out. Objective: The main goal of current research is to investigate which antihypertensive drug is the most popular prescription amongst Physicians. Material and Methods:It was a cross sectional descriptive studyperformed at the pharmacologysection, Lahore Medical and Dental College (LMDC). All adult participants (20 ≥ 50 ≤ years) for the period of11thto 20th April 2017.After taking informed permission from all the participants were enrolled. A questionnaire was used to collect the dataand analyzed by using SPSS 20. A comparative test was used to compute results. Results:50 participants were ...
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research Journal, 2022
Objectives: The objective of the study is to study the antihypertensive drug utilization pattern, demographic profile, and associated comorbid conditions of hypertensive patients in the rural population of Southern India. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional, community-based, door-to-door survey of hypertensive patients. The details of the patients which include age, sex, body mass index (BMI), past medical history, usage of drugs for hypertension (HTN), any other related drugs, and comorbid conditions were collected in this study. Results: As per the results, the mean age of study participants was 54.68 years, men were 62.31% women were 37.68%, mean BMI was 30.48 kg/m 2. In associated comorbidities with HTN, Diabetes was the most common with 19.4%. As per usage of antihypertensive drugs, In Monotherapy, angiotensinconverting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) occupy 16.4% followed by beta-blockers (BB) 13.4%.In 2+ drug therapy, Diuretics were 26.8% followed by BB 22.7% and in drug combinations, the combination of ACE/ARB + Diuretics were 11.5% followed by ACE/ARB + calcium channel blocker at 8.2%. Conclusion: HTN was more common in Men and the BMI was also on the higher side in hypertensive patients. In associated comorbidities with HTN, Diabetes was the most common disease. Antihypertensive drugs usage pattern shows that in monotherapy, ACE inhibitors/ARBs were the most commonly used drugs. In 2+ therapy, the most common add-on drugs were diuretics. In combination therapy, the most common combination was ACE/ARB + Diuretics.
Review on Current Trends in Hypertension
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, 2021
Hypertension is one of the serious medical condition that has risk factor for developing cardiovascular diseases. Around 33% of individuals having hypertension are undiagnosed and those who are diagnosed are not taking proper treatment. One of the significant reason for hypertension is premature death. In this review, we focused on modern directions of hypertension management with an attention on screening, diagnosis and drug selection. In urban areas of India hypertension incidence is estimated upto 20 to 40% and in rural area it is upto 12 to 17%. Hypertension shows no symptoms and during routine checkups we can diagnose it. For management of hypertension the guidelines were developed by ministry of health. Various threats were identified regarding management of hypertension.