Quality Analysis of Liquid Waste at the Blood Transfusion Unit of South Sulawesi (original) (raw)
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Quality of Liquid Waste and Hospital WWTP Management Strategy in Kendari
Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Health Research (ISHR 2019), 2020
Based on annual reports the Southeast Sulawesi Provincial Health Office in 2017, out of 12 hospitals in the city of Kendari, only 8 hospitals have wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). Aims: to find out the quality of liquid waste at the inlet and outlet of the hospital WWTP, in terms of decreasing the test parameters and formulating management strategies. Method: liquid waste samples were taken at the inlet and outlet at the WWTP, then were analysed in a laboratory with key parameters that have been set, such as BOD5, COD, and total coliform. Result: Laboratory test results showed that the COD and BOD test parameters that meet the quality standards was found at one hospital, and one hospital met the quality standards that have been set. While the total coliform parameters in hospital wastewater showed that there were two hospitals that exceeded the quality standard. The main problems were the lack of sanitarian, the absence of SOP and lack of budget for maintenance. Conclusion: Management of wastewater through WWTP Hospital has not been carried out properly and correctly. Management strategy, technical strategy and monitoring strategy are needed to optimize the performance and supervision of WWTP in reducing the pollutant.
International Journal of Health Sciences, 2023
Introduction: Apart from being a health service facility, hospitals are also a medium for disease transmission for patients, employees, visitors and the community around the hospital. Many activities in hospitals have the potential to increase environmental pollution because every activity produces waste. The aim of this research is to obtain an overview of liquid waste management in preventing environmental pollution in hospitals. Material and Methods: This research uses the literature study method (literature review). The population is 4 journals and journals published are limited to the last 5 (five) years. Analysis used with PICO. Results: The results of this research are that liquid waste produced by hospitals includes waste water originating from the canteen and nutrition kitchen, waste water originating from inpatient rooms, waste water originating from central operating/surgery rooms, waste water originating from isolation rooms, waste water originating from outpatient rooms/polyclinics, waste water originating from pharmacy rooms, waste water originating from obstetrics rooms, and waste water originating from laboratories. All waste water is channeled to the IPAL, except for waste water that comes from nutritional kitchens, laundry and laboratories, because it must betreatment especially before heading to IPA. Conclusion: concluded that liquid waste processing in hospitals still does not meet hospital liquid waste quality standards, so supervision and monitoring by the government needs to be improved.
IAEME PUBLICATION, 2020
The management of hospital waste in health facilities is of vital importance as this waste poses a real public health problem. The management of medical waste is the process of ensuring the hygiene of health facilities, the safety of health care personnel and communities, from their production, treatment to disposal Tests were conducted from August to December 2019; the wastewater was taken from the various compartments of the system, stored in refrigerated coolers and brought back to the laboratory to monitor physicochemical and bacteriological parameters according to standard protocols. The results obtained show that untreated wastewater from the friendship hospital (system entrance) has high levels of physicochemical and bacteriological pollution. The mean values obtained are: 7.59, 30.43°C, 16.16ms/cm, 8.39 NTU, 23.25mg/L, 28.98mg/L, 554.3mg/L, Respectively : pH, Temperature, Conductivity, MES, COD and BOD5
Analysis of the Quality of Hospital Waste in Bengkulu City
Proceedings of the 3rd KOBI Congress, International and National Conferences (KOBICINC 2020), 2021
Hospital wastewater can contain pathogenic microorganisms and harmful chemicals that could affect the environment and the organism around. Testing the quality of wastewater is necessary to determine the level of pathogenic microorganisms or organic and inorganic compounds by testing with physics, chemistry, and biologcal parameters. These tests are performed to identify the quality of wastewater and the factors that influence it, as well as to know the techniques and parameters used in the quality analysis of wastewater. The quality analysis of wastewater using three test of parameters, which include temperature test and TSS (Total Suspended Solid) wich contitudes the physics parameter (14 mg/L), an inorganic chemical parameter that consist the test of Ph (7.51), iron (Fe)(0.018 mg/L), manganese (Mn)( 0.013 mg/L), copper (Cu) (2 mg/L), nitrite (NO2) (0.008 mg/L), sulfide (S) (0.005 mg/L), BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) (25 mg/L), COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) (55 mg/L), oils and fat...
Clinical Liquid Waste Management (CLWM) has become a huge task for the authorities of health care facilities in Ghana. It is therefore a necessity to ascertain the managerial strategies currently being used in managing this type of waste. The study objectives were to identify the clinical liquid waste management techniques presently being used by the hospitals, estimate their generation rate and to determine the efficiency of their clinical liquid waste treatment system(s). The study employed experimental research method as well as quantitative method involving structured interview and participatory observation triangulated with documentary analysis. The results found different levels of clinical liquid waste generation in sampled health care facilities. From the results, the study revealed that clinical liquid waste is managed using strategies such as segregation, collection, handling, transportation, treatment and disposal.. The Regional Hospital (RH) uses on-site conventional wastewater treatment system located in the hospital premises whilst the Municipal Hospital and S.D.A uses off-site Waste Stabilization Pond (WSP). The results found that different treatment methods employed by sampled hospitals affect the quality of treatment. The results show revealed inefficiency in both treatments facilities. These findings were revealed from results obtained from the microbial analysis of Total Coliform bacteria; Feacal coliform bacteria and heterotrophic bacteria of sampled hospitals; as the results do not meet both the EPA-Ghana and WHO standards. Factors such as unreliable power supply, lack of maintenance, lack of enforcement and effective monitoring from statutory bodies and apathy from health officials were identified as factors that affect proper treatment of liquid waste in the municipality. The findings results suggest an environment problem due to the contamination of treated effluent from the sampled hospitals which is used for agricultural irrigational purposes, drinking and cooking. The study recommend; an urgent remedial measure to prevent outbreak of communicable disease through creation of awareness to educate communities downstream on the need to apply local methods such as boiling.
Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection, 2022
The untreated effluents generated by hospital activities contribute to the dissemination of pathogenic germs and multi-resistant bacteria, thus presenting a great potential danger for health and the environment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological and physico-chemical quality of the effluents of the Yaoundé University Hospital Centre and their impact on the environment. It was a prospective and analytical study on three sites where hospital effluents from the intensive care unit (Station A), the upstream of the wastewater treatment plant (Station B), and the gynaecology, surgery and hospitalisation departments (Station C) were sampled. Samples were collected in sterile glass bottles for bacteriological analyses and polyethylene bottles for physico-chemical analyses. The bacteriological parameters measured showed that the density of the bacterial species sought was very high at Station B with a predominance of the species Escherichia coli (57.36%). At Station A, total coliforms were very abundant (50.12%) and at Station C, the genus Pseudomonas was predominant (14.69%). Bacteria of the genus Streptococcus were represented by three species, namely: Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus faecalis, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The Pseudomonas genus was also How to cite this paper:
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN, 2022
Introduction: Hospitals are institutions that produce liquid waste that may pollute the environment and have a dangerous impact on health. Hospital waste has the potential to contain hazardous chemicals, pharmaceutical waste, radioactivity and microbiological pathogens in liquid waste that can pollute the environment and disrupt the balance of the ecosystem. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) and the quality of the liquid waste at the Dr. Soetomo General Hospital. Methods: This research was a quantitative descriptive study using secondary data from laboratory analysis of wastewater inlet and outlet of The Central Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital for the January-December 2020 period. Effectiveness was obtained by calculating the difference between the inlet and outlet values of each parameter divided by the inlet value multiplied by 100%. Results and Discussion: WWTP in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital ...
Journal of Blood Medicine, 2019
Aim and objective: To assess the quality of blood stored for transfusion at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital (MRRH) regarding bacterial contamination, malaria infection, and laboratory audit status. Materials and methods: Whole blood and packed red blood cells at MRRH were critically inspected for visual anomalies, and a portion of this blood was aseptically collected and analyzed for Plasmodium species and bacterial contamination using culture methods. For culture positive samples, drug susceptibility testing (DST) was done using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. An audit using Stepwise Laboratory quality Improvement Process Towards Accreditation (SLIPTA) quality checklist was conducted. The obtained data were analyzed as frequencies and proportions at 95% confidence interval (CI), and significance levels of relatedness were set at p-values<0.05. Results: Of the 202 samples analyzed, 6 (3%) had bacteria while 3 (1.5%) had Plasmodium falciparum trophozoites. The bacterial isolates were Staphylococcus aureus (N=4, 66.7%); Corynebacterium spp (N=1, 16.7%) and Micrococcus spp (N=1, 16.7%). Staphylococcus aureus showed sensitivity to chloramphenicol, oxacillin, amikacin, and gentamycin. Thirty (14.9%) of these units had visually detectable anomalies, and the laboratory audit score was 53.8%. Conclusion: The quality of some blood stored for transfusion at MRRH was inadequate, and the laboratory quality standard based on SLIPTA was low. Based on this, it is crucial to always insist on aseptic measures at all stages (phlebotomy, processing, transporting, and blood storage) and consider more assessment of the donor risk to minimize transfusiontransmitted malaria. It is plausible to standardize the hospital blood transfusion laboratory and revive hemovigilance by the hospital transfusion committee.
Study of Liquid Waste Management in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Paripex Indian Journal Of Research, 2018
Biomedical waste (BMW) management in hospitals and health care institutions is an important ethical and legal issue due to its potential to disseminate infectious agents. Biomedical waste generated in a hospital includes human anatomical waste, solid waste, soiled waste, waste sharps and liquid waste among others 1 In a hospital liquid waste is generated in all patient care areas areas such the wards, operation theatres (OT) and OPDs. Liquid waste is categorized as a yellow category waste in the BMW 1 guidelines 2016. Among the different categories of biomedical waste, liquid waste is one of the least studied aspects. A need was therefore felt to perform a liquid waste audit to evaluate the need for providing a separate effluent treatment plant (ETP). Materials & Methods: The study carried out over a period of 2 months under two components. First was the evaluation of various types of chemicals, reagents and disinfectants used in all patient care areas including laboratories, their consumption on a monthly basis and their treatment before discharge in drains, if any. Second was the evaluation of the quality of effluent draining out of the hospital through various hospital drains. The site visits covered all patient cares areas such as wards, operation OTs, ICUs and OPDs. Site visit was also done to places such as labs, Blood Bank, Mortuary, Laundry, Eye Bank, Nephrology Department, Radiology Department, Pre and Paraclinical departments. Samples of effluent were collected from 6 drains (Table 1)in the morning half since the water consumption and hence its discharge is maximum during this period. Table 1: (*The main hospital building includes majority of wards and O.T.s, Artificial Kidney Dialysis (AKD) unit, MRI and CT scan sections, Intensive care unit etc.) (** all these areas drain into a common drain 5) They were tested at the Municipal Corporation Laboratory for sewage water.Various parameters such as pH, Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Oil and Grease content, Total suspended Solids (TSS), Chloride content and Ammonia content. In addition, the overall water consumption of the hospital was also recorded. Result Overall, 61 patient care areas were evaluated which included 36 wards, 12 OTs, 12 laboratories, a separate building which houses all OPDs and departmental buildings of pre and para-clinical departments. A total of 12 disinfectants, 74 different chemicals