A Comprehensive Review of the State-of-the-Art on Security and Privacy Issues in Healthcare (original) (raw)
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Cybersecurity Challenges in Healthcare
Studies in Health Technology and Informatics
Cyber security attacks evidence has shown that many sectors and industries are still at an insufficient level of readiness to counter these threats, including healthcare organizations and the entire healthcare industry. The COVID-19 pandemic has additionally launched the issue of cyber protection of healthcare systems and connected medical and other devices as well as modern IT components, which are often the entry point for attackers against healthcare organizations. With the aim of a systematic approach to cyber security in healthcare organizations, this article comprehensively presents cyber risks and possible consequences of attacks in the context of healthcare organization services, as well as identifies the five most important cyber security challenges and provides recommendations for establishing protection mechanisms in line with best practices.
IAEME PUBLICATION, 2020
The rapid digitization of healthcare services has significantly transformed the industry, bringing unprecedented efficiency but also exposing health information systems to evolving cyber threats. This research paper undertakes a comprehensive exploration of the intricate realm of Cyber Security in Health Information Technology (Health IT). Focused on investigating the latest trends and strategies, the study seeks to illuminate critical insights into enhancing the security of health information systems and safeguarding patient data from the escalating menace of cyber threats. The introduction contextualizes the urgency of cyber security in the healthcare sector, emphasizing the critical role of health IT in modern healthcare delivery. As healthcare systems increasingly rely on interconnected digital platforms, the need to protect patient data against a diverse range of cyber threats becomes paramount. The objectives and scope of this research are carefully outlined, setting the stage for an in-depth examination of the subject matter. The literature review provides a historical backdrop to cyber threats in healthcare, exploring the evolution of attacks and previous research endeavors in health IT security. Existing strategies are analyzed, offering a foundation for understanding their strengths and limitations. This section serves as a critical framework for evaluating emerging trends and innovative strategies highlighted in the subsequent sections. Current trends in Health IT cyber security are meticulously examined, delving into the latest threats and attack vectors. The paper identifies and analyzes trends that significantly impact the health IT security landscape, offering a snapshot of the dynamic challenges faced by healthcare organizations. Strategies for enhancing security form a pivotal segment, exploring a multifaceted approach to fortify health information systems. This involves the implementation of robust access controls, encryption techniques, advanced threat detection, and the integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning for proactive defense. Real-world case studies provide concrete examples of the impact of cyber threats on health information systems and underscore the need for resilient security measures. In essence, this research paper offers a comprehensive examination of the current state of Cyber Security in Health IT, providing valuable insights into effective strategies and trends crucial for preserving patient data integrity in an increasingly digitized and interconnected healthcare landscape
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This research paper aims to address the growing concern of cybersecurity threats in the healthcare industry. In order to achieve this, the study conducted an extensive literature review to identify the best practices and strategies for mitigating such risks. In the propose study, we proposed an algorithm that can help prevent unauthorized access to patient data. In order to implement our proposed algorithm, we developed strong authentication and access control measures using Python programming code. These measures include multi-factor authentication and role-based access control, which can help ensure that only authorized individuals have access to patient data. Finally, this research paper presents a comprehensive approach to mitigating cybersecurity risks in healthcare. The proposed algorithm and strong authentication and access control measures can serve as a useful guide for healthcare organizations to enhance their cybersecurity posture and protect patient data respectively.
E-Health Threat Intelligence Within Cyber-Defence Framework for E-Health Organizations
Advanced information and knowledge processing, 2021
In recent years, scholarly work on cybersecurity in smart health has gained substantial attention from both practitioners and scholars. This is primarily due to the rapid growth in the field of information, communications and technology, protocols, an important aspect of smart health communication infrastructure. The smart health communication infrastructure is solely developed to provide data communication for specific networks such as wireless body area network (WBAN) which is developed for the health sector. The modern healthcare service delivery eliminates the need for real-time inspection of elderly and attention-need patients; that is, medical experts can monitor such people from a remote location through e-health communication infrastructure. The developed communication infrastructure is used by e-health organizations to store, process or transfer patient's data which has high priority and requires confidentiality. The infrastructure used by e-health organizations must restrict unauthorized access to patient data against any intruder. e-health organizations are a major target for hackers as they hold a huge amount of private data as a source of wealth of information. The proposed security solutions for e-health organizations require specific policy developments and propose solutions for specific security layers. The smart, scalable and adaptable solutions are proposed by researchers to overcome several security challenges in e-health organizations. Some of the proposed solutions provide open use and sharing of critical e-health data without compromising patients' rights to privacy and confidentiality. The deployment of these solutions faces several problems since hackers targeting network layer of these models. Development of new attack methodologies and technological enhancements strengthens hackers to attack with different motivations and compromise e-health organizations' private data. For this reason, a new security framework is necessary for e-health organizations' communication infrastructure. The privacy of the patient's health data must be carefully addressed while developing a new framework. In order to maximize the healthcare quality and minimize the e-health cost, the ultimate goal of this chapter is
Survey: Cybersecurity Vulnerabilities, Attacks and Solutions in the Medical Domain
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Recently, an increasing number of cyber-attacks in the medical field has resulted in great losses in the health care industry, since medical information plays an essential role in human health. To introduce a comprehensive survey about possible cyber-attacks and solutions for these attacks, our paper first presents a brief overview of the necessary background of the dataflow in the medical domain and then identifies the vulnerabilities in each stage of the dataflow. Then, according to the weaknesses identified in the medical system, a classification of cyber-attacks is presented. Additionally, the paper presents research on previous work that focuses on solving these cyber-attacks and identifies the strengths and limitations of the solutions for each attack. More importantly, for data storage assurance, our paper discusses several cybersecurity architectures for the medical domain from the existing literature. The countermeasures from previous papers and architectures that are still weak in terms of resource depletion, attack reduction, applicability, etc. are addressed. Finally, the paper discusses and recommends solutions for future work to decrease cyber-attacks in the medical field so that human health can be guaranteed.
Cybersecurity Challenges in Healthcare Institutions and Approaches for Addressing this Concern
Journal of Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Data Science, 2024
Background: Cybersecurity is the practice of safeguarding systems, networks, and data from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, interruption, modification, or destruction. In healthcare, the significance of cybersecurity cannot be overstated, as healthcare institutions store and transmit sensitive patient data. Breaches in healthcare can result in severe consequences for patients, including unauthorized access to personal information, manipulation of medical records, service disruption, and financial loss. Aim: This research aims to identify key cybersecurity challenges within healthcare organizations and propose comprehensive strategies to fortify cybersecurity measures. These measures are essential for safeguarding patient information and ensuring uninterrupted healthcare services in an increasingly digital healthcare landscape. Method: This study thoroughly examines the cybersecurity threat landscape in the healthcare industry. It relies on extensive analysis of desktop search data, government reports, and incorporates relevant case studies and expert opinions. Results: The research highlights the pressing need for healthcare organizations to possess a deep understanding of evolving cybersecurity risks. It underscores the importance of staying current with the latest healthcare cybersecurity solutions. Moreover, the study emphasizes that regular assessments of cybersecurity programs are imperative to ensure compliance with evolving risks and requirements. Conclusion: Healthcare businesses must continually adapt and fortify their cybersecurity measures to effectively protect patient data and maintain the integrity of healthcare services.
Cybersecurity in healthcare: A narrative review of trends, threats and ways forward
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Electronic healthcare technology is prevalent around the world and creates huge potential to improve clinical outcomes and transform care delivery. However, there are increasing concerns relating to the security of healthcare data and devices. Increased connectivity to existing computer networks has exposed medical devices to new cybersecurity vulnerabilities. Healthcare is an attractive target for cybercrime for two fundamental reasons: it is a rich source of valuable data and its defences are weak. Cybersecurity breaches include stealing health information, ransomware attacks on hospitals and potential attacks on implanted medical devices. Breaches can reduce patient trust, cripple health systems and threaten human life. Ultimately, cybersecurity is critical to patient safety, yet has historically been lax. New legislation and regulations are in place to facilitate change. This requires cybersecurity to become an integral part of patient safety. Changes are required to human behaviour, technology and processes as part of a holistic solution.
CYBERSECURITY IN HEALTHCARE INDUSTRY
Global Scientific Journals, 2024
Ensuring the security of health information has started as a significant obligation for healthcare organizations across the board. While medical equipment and applications are crucial to patient care, they have also become main targets for malicious actors. Attackers illegally target healthcare data, often aiming to install ransomware software once they breach the network, they lock and encrypt data until a ransom is paid. Consequently, organizations often find themselves forced to pay large amounts to regain access to and decrypt their data. While the theft of healthcare equipment may be less publicized, attackers may steal network-connected equipment for alternative purposes. Thus, there is an urgent need to implement robust cybersecurity measures within the healthcare sector to safeguard all information. Breaches in information security can be accomplished through various passages, including laboratory and hospital records, insurance documentation, and physical records, as well as electronic medical records and tracking systems. Cybersecurity measures can effectively protect these records against unauthorized access. This paper demonstrates different types of cybercrimes that occur in medical information and strategies to mitigate them, shedding light on numerous cybercrimes that have occurred over the past decade and what should be done to mitigate these crimes. Given the value of healthcare information, it has become a profitable target for cybercriminals.
Cybersecurity Framework in Healthcare Sector and Techniques to Mitigate and Detect Attacks
Journal of Xidian University, 2022
Digital healthcare technology is widely employed all over the world, and it has the ability to significantly enhance clinical benefits and transform quality care. However, there seems to be growing concerns about the privacy of medical information and devices. Healthcare systems are now vulnerable to new cybersecurity threats because of increased connectivity to existing networks. Medical care is a captivating target for cybercriminals for two prime reasons: it contains valuable information, and its defenses are porous. Health information theft, ransomware attacks on health facilities, and possible targets on implanted medical equipment are all examples of cybersecurity breaches. Intrusion can weaken patient trust, hinder health services, and adversely impact human life. Ultimately, cybersecurity is essential for safety of patients, it has traditionally been discouraged. To facilitate change, new regulations and laws have to be enacted. This prompts the incorporation of cybersecurity into patient safety. As part of a comprehensive solution, changes in human behavior, technology, and methods are required. It is critical to invest time and money in order to maintain and ensure the security of e-health and the confidentiality of patient data from illegitimate access. The purpose of this work is to explain why it is necessary to improve healthcare security and determine how to enhance effective infrastructure for healthcare. In this study, Bagging ensemble classifier is proposed for smart healthcare. Bagging ensemble classifier with Random Forest performed better in all.