Molecular sensitization pattern to house dust mites is formed from the first years of life and includes group 1, 2, Der p 23, Der p 5, Der p 7 and Der p 21 allergens (original) (raw)
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Multiple House Dust Mite Allergen- Sensitization Profiles in Children with Allergic Asthma
Journal of Allergy & Therapy, 2014
Background: Allergic asthma is a common chronic inflammatory disorder which affects populations, with increasing prevalence among children. The risk of developing asthma is uncertain but depends on the interaction of environmental and genetic factors. The role of house dust mite (HDM) allergen exposure in the development of sensitization and asthma remains unclear. Objective: This study determined the sensitization profiles of common HDM species in a population of asthmatic children, which is essential in the development of highly specific and accurate diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for asthma in children. Methods: The immunoglobulin E-binding activity of allergens from the HDM species Blomia tropicalis (Bt), Dermatophagoides farina (Df), and Dermatopahagoides pteronyssinus (Dp) were determined in 250 age-and sexmatched paediatric allergic asthma and non-atopic Filipino subjects using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blot analysis. Results: Majority of the allergic asthma patients tested were sensitized with multiple allergens from different HDM species where 33% exhibited sensitizations to any two HDM species and 26% were sensitized with allergens from three HDMs. HDM allergens of different molecular weights bind to IgE in allergic asthma patients tested. In addition a significant correlation was observed between total IgE and HDM-specific IgE level among allergic asthma patients (Bt p-value=0.038; Df p-value=0.045; Dp p-value=0.003), suggesting a significant contribution of dust mite allergens in the up-regulation of total serum IgE levels of allergic asthma patients. Conclusion: The results obtained in this study suggest that the HDM species Bt, Dp, and Df are important sources of allergens that trigger multiple sensitization in children with allergic asthma in the Filipino population. The incorporation of Bt, Dp, and Df allergens in the panel of diagnostic allergens for HDM allergy and allergic asthma is highly recommended.
Turkiye parazitolojii dergisi, 2017
To investigate the sensitivity of allergic asthma (AA) patients to house dust mites (HDM) by conducting skin tests, measuring total and specific IgE antibodies to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and D. farinae mites, and examining HDM fauna in patients' homes. The study included 25 patients with AA and 31 healthy controls, who were challenged with Der p and Der f allergens; serum levels of allergen-specific lgE and total IgE were measured. Dust samples were collected from the homes of all participants, and mite species and the number of mites per gram of dust were investigated. D. pteronyssinus was found in the homes of 94.7% patients with positive Der p reactions in the skin test (p<0.001). D. farinae was found in the homes of 22.2% patients with positive Der f reactions in the skin test (p>0.05). D. pteronyssinus-specific IgE was detected in 75% patients in whose homes D. pteronyssinus was also found, while D. farinae-specific IgE was detected in 16.6% patients in whose h...
Determinants of House Dust Mite Allergenicity
Allergy & Clinical Immunology International - Journal of the World Allergy Organization, 2006
Background: There has been considerable progress on the biochemical characterization of house dust mite allergens but the relative allergenicity of the individual allergen has not been systematically studied.
Respiratory allergy caused by house dust mites: What do we really know
The house dust mite (HDM) is a major perennial allergen source and a significant cause of allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma. However, awareness of the condition remains generally low. This review assesses the links between exposure to HDM, development of the allergic response, and pathologic consequences in patients with respiratory allergic diseases. We investigate the epidemiology of HDM allergy to explore the interaction between mites and human subjects at the population, individual, and molecular levels. Core and recent publications were identified by using ''house dust mite'' as a key search term to evaluate the current knowledge of HDM epidemiology and pathophysiology. Prevalence data for HDM allergen sensitization vary from 65 to 130 million persons in the general population worldwide to as many as 50% among asthmatic patients. Heterogeneity of populations, terminology, and end points in the literature confound estimates, indicating the need for greater standardization in epidemiologic research. Exposure to allergens depends on multiple ecological strata, including climate and mite microhabitats within the domestic environment, with the latter providing opportunity for intervention measures to reduce allergen load. Inhaled mite aeroallergens are unusually virulent: they are able to activate both the adaptive and innate immune responses, potentially offering new avenues for intervention. The role of HDM allergens is crucial in the development of allergic rhinitis and asthma, but the translation of silent sensitization into symptomatic disease is still incompletely understood. Improved understanding of HDMs, their allergens, and their microhabitats will enable development of more effective outcomes for patients with HDM allergy. (J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015;136:38-48.)
Allergen variability and house dust mite sensitivity in pre-school children with allergic complaints
The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics
The increase in the prevalence of allergic diseases in preschool children who are often at home may be due to an increase in house dust mite sensitivity, which is rarely expected in this age group. In our study, it was aimed to investigate allergen sensitivities, especially house dust mite sensitivity in preschool children with allergic disease complaints by skin prick test (SPT). Two hundred and twenty children admitted to the Pediatric Allergy and Asthma Clinic of Balıkesir University between October 2015 and October 2016 diagnosed with asthma, allergic rhinitis, food allergy, atopic dermatitis or urticaria were involved in the retrospective cross-sectional study. Allergen groups used in SPT were Dermatophagoides farina (Derf), Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p), Alternaria alternata, cat epithelium, pollen mixture and food mixture. Average age of the 220 patients was 2.98 years (2.75-3.21). SPT was positive in 55.9% of patients. Sixteen percent were monosensitized and 73.8% were polysensitized. Seventy two children (32.7%) were sensitive to Der f and 67 (30.4%) were sensitive to Der p. There was no difference between SPT positivity and gender (p>0.05). Ninty-five children were diagnosed with asthma, 38 with asthma and allergic rhinitis, 63 with food allergy and 24 with urticaria and/or atopic dermatitis. SPT positivity was significantly higher in the asthma and allergic rhinitis group than other groups. As the age increased, significant increases in the sensitivities of Der f (p<0.01), Der p (P<0.01) and A. alternata (p<0.05) and a significant decrease for food panel sensitivity (p<0.01) were detected. Even though skin and food allergies were included in our study, house dust mite sensitivity was found much higher than other studies reporting ranges between 3.5-23% in children of the same age group with mainly respiratory complaints. It is concluded that the probable reasons for this increase, especially geographical features, should be investigated in different areas and in larger number of studies.
The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, 2016
The evolution of the IgE response to the numerous allergen molecules of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus is still unknown. We sought to characterize the evolutionary patterns of the IgE response to 12 molecules of D pteronyssinus from birth to adulthood and to investigate their determinants and clinical relevance. We investigated the clinical data and sera of 722 participants in the German Multicenter Allergy Study, a birth cohort started in 1990. Diagnoses of current allergic rhinitis (AR) related to mite allergy and asthma were based on yearly interviews at the ages of 1 to 13 years and 20 years. IgE to the extract and 12 molecules of D pteronyssinus were tested by means of ImmunoCAP and microarray technology, respectively, in sera collected at ages 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 10, 13, and 20 years. Exposure to mites at age 6 and 18 months was assessed by measuring Der p 1 weight/weight concentration in house dust. One hundred ninety-one (26.5%) of 722 participants ever had IgE to D pteronyssi...
Exposure to house dust mite allergens and the clinical activity of asthma
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 1996
Background: House dust mite allergens play an important role in inducing IgE-mediated sensitization and the development of bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) and asthma. This study investigated the relationship between mite allergen exposure and the clinical activity and severity of asthma. Methods: Nonsmoking adult patients with asthma (n = 53) were randomly recruited from the asthma registry of two large family practitioner surgeries. Each participant underwent skin testing with common inhalant allergens, a methacholine bronchoprovocation test, and pulmonary function testing on up to 3 separate occasions over a 4-week period. BHR was expressed both as PDeo and dose-response ratio (DRR), and the patients with PD2o of less than 12.25/xmol methacholine were classified as methacholine reactors. Patients were also asked to record peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) values at 2-hour intervals during waking hours for 1 month. Daily PEFR variability was calculated as amplitude percent mean. Dust samples were collected by vacuuming bedding, bedroom carpets and mattresses. In addition, in the homes of 32 subjects with positive skin test responses to mites, airborne samples were taken overnight for 8 hours with a personal sampler attached to each subject's pillow. Der p 1 and Der p 2 levels were determined by a two-site monoclonal antibody-based ELISA. Results: No difference in mite allergen exposure was found between subjects who were sensitive to mites and those who were not. However, mite-sensitive methacholine reactors were exposed to significantly higher concentrations of Der p 1 in beds than mite-sensitive methacholine nonreactors (13.2/xg/gm and 1.45/xg/gm, respectively," p < 0.02). Der p 1 and Der p 2 were undetectable in 30 of 32 airborne samples. In mite-sensitive patients both Der p 1 and Der p 2 in beds significantly correlated with BHR (PDeo: r = -0.49, DRR, r = 0.49; PD2o: r = -0.46, DRR: r = 0.43) and amplitudepercent mean PEFR (r = 0.38, r = 0.41)for Derp 1 and Derp 2, respectively. There was a significant negative correlation between exposure to Der p I and percent predicted FEV 1 (r = -0.43). The correlation between Der p 2 and percent predicted FEV z just failed to reach a significant level but showed a clear trend (r = -0.35, p = 0.068). Conclusions: Clinical activity and severity of asthma (measured by the level of BHR, PEFR variability, and percent predicted FEV1) in mite-sensitive patients is related to exposure to mite allergens in the dust reservoir, with levels in bed being an important indicator that correlated with disease activity. (J Allergy Clin Immunol 1996;98:64-72.) Evidence strongly suggests that the prevalence and severity of asthma is increasing, especially in children, in spite of the availability of effective treatment. 1 House dust mite allergens are a major cause of asthma worldwide, and 45% to 85% of patients with asthma in the United Kingdom show skin test reactivity to mites, as compared with 5% to 30% in the general population. 2 The importance of early exposure to mite allergen in primary sensitization has been suggested by recent studies. Household exposure to levels of Der p 1 greater than 2 Ixg/gm of dust J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUNOL Custovic et al. 65 VOLUME 98, NUMBER 1 Abbreviations used BHR: Bronchial hyperresponsiveness CL: Confidence limits DRR: Dose-response ratio GM: Geometric mean PEFR: Peak expiratory flow rate