Antioxidant capacities, phenolic, flavonoid and carotenoid content of various polarities extracts from three organs of Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz (original) (raw)
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Bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of fruit on Sechium edule
2010
Vegetables and fruits contain bioactive compounds with antioxidant activity such as phenols and flavonoids, carotenoids, ascorbate, alimentary fiber, selenium and many substances with antiatherogenics and anticarcinogenics properties. The purpose of this work is to assess some bioactive constituents and the antioxidant activity of the Sechium edule (Jacq) Swartz (Cucurbitaceae) fruit. Total phenol content was higher (p <0,001) in pulp (Sep):124.83mg/100g than seed (Ses): 86.36mg/100g. The antioxidant activity were estimated by: nitric oxide scavenging activity (NO), DPPH radicalscavenging activity (DPPH) and β-carotene bleaching method (β-carotene). The values expressed as percentage (%) corresponds to Ses and Sep respectively: NO 47.51 ± 1.9 and 55.62 ± 1.3; DPPH: 88.87 ± 1.1 and 89.13 ± 1.5 and β-carotene, 63.32 ± 1.5 and 53.15 ± 1.4. The studied samples have important radical scavenging activity and inhibited lipid peroxidation in vitro. We concluded that the present study pro...
Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacognosy Research, 2018
Context: The Sechium edule fruit is grown and consumed because of their nutritional values in different countries of Latin America. Costa Rica is one of the most important producers and exporters. It is consumed as an antioxidant because its flavonoid content suggests such activity; however, the selection of varieties to crop does not involve the phytochemical profile of them. Aims: To characterize the phytochemical and antioxidant profile of the S. edule varieties grown in Costa Rica. Methods: The in vitro radical scavenging activity of different S. edule extracts were measured using DPPH and ORAC assays, as well as their inhibition of lipid peroxidation in rat liver and their redox potential by cyclic voltammetry. Flavonoids glycosides were isolated by HPLC and their structures were determined by NMR.Results: The S. edule varieties grown in Costa Rica showed a good radical scavenging activity and inhibition of lipid peroxidation; there were significant differences between varieties. In addition, the redox potential determined by electrochemical methods suggested the presence of flavonoids, which was confirmed by the isolation of apigenin 7-O-rutinoside and luteolin 7-O-rutinoside. Conclusions: The antioxidant potential of varieties of S. edule grown in Costa Rica was confirmed, identifying the 845 variety as the best antioxidant profile.
Molecules
In addition to their own antioxidants, human cells feed on external antioxidants, such as the phenolic compounds of fruits and vegetables, which work together to keep oxidative stress in check. Sechium edule, an edible species of chayote, has phenolic compounds with antioxidant activity and antineoplastic activity. A Sechium hybrid shows one thousand times greater antineoplastic activity than edible species, but its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities and the content of phenolic compounds are unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity of the extract of fruits of the Sechium hybrid in vitro and in vivo. Phytochemical analysis using HPLC showed that the extract of the Sechium hybrid has at least 16 phenolic compounds; galangin, naringenin, phloretin and chlorogenic acid are the most abundant. In an in vitro assay, this extract inhibited 2,2-diphenyl-L-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) activity and protected the dimyristoylphosphatidylet...
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 2016
Objectives: The aim of this research were to determine antioxidant activity from various fruit extracts of chayote from three different sites using two antioxidant methods which were 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and phosphomolybdenum methods, correlation of total phenolic, flavonoid, and carotenoid content in various extracts of chayote with their IC 50 of DPPH antioxidant activities and EC 50 of phosphomolybdenum capacity. Methods: An extraction was carried out by reflux using various polarity solvents. The extracts were evaporated using rotary evaporator. Antioxidant activities using DPPH and phosphomolybdenum assays, determination of total phenolic, flavonoid, and carotenoid content were conducted by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry and its correlation with IC Results: The lowest IC 50 50 of DPPH and EC 50 of phosphomolybdenum were analyzed by Pearson’s method. of DPPH scavenging activity was given by n-hexane fruit extract of chayote from Lembang (9.32 µg/ml), while...
Phenolic Acid and Flavonoid Patterns in Twelve Sechium edule Varieties
2021
Fruit pulp of twelve Sechium edule Indian accessions were analyzed for phenolic acid and flavonoid constituents. The quantitative evaluation was performed using liquid chromatography mass spectrophotometer method, which showed significant differences in the composition of phenolic acids and flavonoids among accessions. Vanillic acid was the predominant phenolic acid in most of the accessions ranging from 269.28 to 4080.82 μg/g. High amounts of vanillic acid in accession SEC-11 (4080.82 ± 130.92 μg/g) and SEC-06 (1825.46 ± 24.54 μg/g), protocatechuic acid (1736.59 ± 94.90 μg/g) in SEC-09 and syringic acid (1676.97 ± 70.35 μg/g) in SEC-20 was detected respectively. The highest amount of flavonoid present was catechin in the accessions SEC-36 (75.83 ± 4.37 μg/g) followed by SEC-20 (19.43 ± 0.64 μg/g). Data were analyzed using principal component analysis method and the obtained scoring plot showed that all nine accessions had formed one cluster. Discrimination of metabolic profiles of different S. edule accessions using principal component analysis showed that accessions grouping was consistent with the LC-MS results obtained. This method of estimation of metabolites can be successfully employed enabling genetic grouping of S. edule accessions in an effective manner for breeding studies.
Molecules
Chayote leaves are known for culinary and traditional medicine applications. This work intended to recover carotenoids and phenolic compounds from chayote leaves using the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE). A Box–Behnken design was employed to investigate the impact of extraction time, temperature, and ultrasonic power on the recovery of total carotenoids, total phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activities. For comparative purposes, chayote leaf extracts were prepared by maceration (ME) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), using the same time and temperature conditions optimized by UAE. Extraction at 50 °C and 170 Watts for 30 min provided the optimal UAE conditions. UAE showed better extraction efficacy than ME and MAE. The HPLC analysis of the extracts showed that the xanthophyll class was the main class of carotenoids, which constituted 42–85% of the total carotenoid content, followed by β-carotene and tocopherol. Moreover, 26 compounds, classified as phenolic acids, fla...
Chemical Constituents of Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz
Der Pharma Chemica, 2014
Chemical investigation of the dichloromethane extract of the leaves of Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz led to the isolation of a mixture of trans-cinnamic acid (1a) and phenylacetic acid (1b) in 3:2 ratio, 3-octadecenoic acid (2), trilinolenin (3), and α-linolenic acid (4). The structures of 1a, 1b and 2 were elucidated by extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. The structures of 3 and 4 were identified by comparison of their 1H and 13C NMR data with those reported in the literature.
Pharmaceutical biology, 2017
Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw. (Cucurbitaceae) is used in ethnomedicine, but the diversity of the varietal groups of this species has not often been considered. This is important because we previously reported that different variety of species exhibit different activities across different tumor cell lines. This study investigates the chemical composition and biological activities of extracts obtained from S. edule var. nigrum spinosum. The leukemia P388 cell line and mononuclear bone marrow cells (MNCBMs) were treated with the extract at a concentration ranging from 40 to 2370 μg/mL for cytotoxicity and viability assays. CD-1 mice were treated with 8-5000 mg/kg extract and monitored every hour for the first 24 h and subsequently for seven days for signs of toxicity (LD50). In addition, the chromatographic profile of the extract was determined by HPLC. The extract inhibits the proliferation of both P388 cells and MNCBMs, with IC50 values of 927 and 1911 μg/mL, respectively, but reduced th...
International journal of pharmaceutical sciences review and research, 2023
Sechium edule, known as Chayote, belongs to the Cucurbitaceae family. It is also grown worldwide in tropical and subtropical regions. Because of its medicinal benefits, Chayote is being used as a traditional medicine in different areas of the northeast. Chayote fruit and vegetables show practical components people use in their regular diet. The current review revealed that the plant's edible parts could be used to treat different illnesses due to the presence of other secondary metabolites. The plant has also been shown to possess several pharmacological properties. The toxicological report in the present review also documented that the plant Sechium edule does not contain any neurotoxic or genotoxic metabolites, which will contribute to the toxicological information. Different parts of the plant, such as young stems and seeds, are also consumed in various forms due to the presence of proteins and vitamins. The plant has also shown high contents in aspartic, glutamic acid, alanine, proline, serine and valine which recommends that the plant can offer medicinal benefits and be used in hospital diets.