Treatment of Depression From a Self-Regulation Perspective: Basic Concepts and Applied Strategies in Self-System Therapy (original) (raw)
Related papers
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 2006
Self-system therapy (SST) is a new therapy based on regulatory focus theory (E. T. Higgins, 1997) for depressed individuals unable to pursue promotion goals effectively. The authors conducted a randomized trial comparing SST with cognitive therapy (CT) in a sample of 45 patients with a range of depressive symptoms to test 2 hypotheses: that SST would be more efficacious for depressed individuals characterized by inadequate socialization toward pursuing promotion goals and that SST would lead to greater reduction in dysphoric responses to priming of promotion goals. There was no overall difference in efficacy between treatments, but patients whose socialization history lacked an emphasis on promotion goals showed significantly greater improvement with SST. In addition, SST patients showed a greater reduction in dysphoric responses to promotion goal priming than did CT patients. The results illustrate the value of a theory-based translational approach to treatment design and selection.
The effects of treatments for depression on perceived failure in self-regulation
Cognitive therapy and …, 2001
Two studies examined the effect of treatments for depression on perceived failure in self-regulation, operationalized as within-self discrepancy. In Study 1, patients received group cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT); in Study 2, patients received either individual CBT, interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT), or medication. Treatments showed equivalent efficacy, but only psychotherapy was associated with decreased self-discrepancy and priming reactivity. Highly self-discrepant patients showed less improvement than other patients in all treatments, even after controlling for initial severity. The findings suggest that treatments differ in their impact on self-regulatory cognition, and that highly self-discrepant patients may require longer or alternative treatment.
Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 2015
A randomized trial compared the time course and differential predictors of symptom improvement in 2 treatments for depression. Forty-nine adults (84% female) who were not taking antidepressant medications and met diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder or dysthymia were randomly assigned either to cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) or self-system therapy (SST), a treatment that targets problems in self-regulation, the ongoing process of evaluating progress toward personal goals. Self-regulatory variables (promotion and prevention focus and goal disengagement and reengagement) were assessed as potential moderators of efficacy. At intake, most participants reported depression in the moderate to severe range and had histories of recurrent episodes and previous treatment attempts. Self-reported symptoms of depression and anxiety were assessed at each therapy session. Multilevel modeling was used to examine (a) differences in change associated with the treatment conditions and ...
SELF-REGULATION HERALDING PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING: A CORRELATIONAL STUDY
Shodhsamhita, 2022
India is one of the youngest countries in the world. A very large amount of people in India are enrolled in higher education. These people face a lot of difficulties in their life as this is the time in life when they have many responsibilities and challenges. Due to these problems and challenges their physical and mental health are at stake. So there is a need to find out those factors which help in making them feel better and would help them in fighting back these stressors of life. Having this purpose in mind, the current study tries to find out the relationship between self-regulation and psychological well-being because these variables have been found to have a great impact on the lives of individuals and on their physical and mental health. The results show that these two variables are positively correlated with each other.
Putting Self‐Regulation Theory Into Practice: A User's Manual
Applied psychology, 2006
propose that theories of personality architecture may provide an integrative theoretical framework for self-regulation research. Building further on this argument, the present paper considers one comprehensive modern approach to personality architecture, personality systems interactions (PSI) theory. The authors provide a brief overview of PSI theory and discuss a simple, three-step "user's manual" that has guided applications of the theory to real-life behavior. Work on PSI theory highlights some of the integrative potential of personality science in the field of self-regulation. The authors conclude that theories of personality architecture may improve the quality and precision of the counselling, coaching, and training that psychologists in many diverse areas provide.
The role of self-regulation in health and illness
Psychology, health & medicine, 2015
Self-regulation is an increasingly important topic within Psychology, Health & Medicine. Generally, self-regulation emphasizes the active role that individuals can play to enhance health, and prevent or ameliorate the effects of illness. For this special section, we selected four empirical studies that address the impact of self-regulation on health and disease from two perspectives. One approaches self-regulation as an individual characteristic, a personal resource that enables the individual to act in goal-directed behaviors that, in turn, influence health. The other perspective approaches self-regulation as behaviors or skills that can be taught and practiced to improve health and well-being by people who are confronted with an existing illness. The longitudinal study by deBlois and Kubzansky (2015, this section) illustrates the first perspective. It analyzes data obtained from a cohort of over 1700 children from the United States, ranging from 6 to14 years of age in order to determine if parents' assessments of their children's self-regulatory behaviors predict trying cigarettes or becoming a regular smoker 5 years later. The ability to regulate behaviors such as 'waiting one's turn' was associated with reduced likelihood of trying cigarettes. This ability, together with the ability to regulate emotions (e.g. getting over being upset), attention (e.g. being able to concentrate), and social interactions (getting along with peers) further decreased the risk of becoming a regular smoker. Interestingly, these findings were most pronounced among girls and among those with non-smoking caregivers. Similarly, Hampson et al. (2015, this section) focus on childhood trait-related regulatory processes, using the Big Five approach to personality (Goldberg, 2001), to examine predictors of self-rated and objective measures of health trajectories into middle age. In their analyses of data from more than 2400 elementary school children in the Hawaii longitudinal study of personality and health, they identified high childhood conscientiousness as an important individual asset that was associated with stable good health over a period of 40 years. Conscientiousness in this study encompasses similar self-regulatory behaviors as assessed by deBlois and Kubzansky (2015, this section), such as being selfdisciplined and goal directed, manifested in planful and organized actions, which require the ability to control impulses and delay gratification. Thus, both studies point to the importance of individual or personality characteristics as influencing self-regulatory processes that are related to enhanced health in later life. To cite Hampson et al.,
Frontiers in Psychology
The aim of this paper is to demonstrate how Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory (1986) influenced the development of several complementary models of the construct of Self-Regulation. Building on the foundation of Self-Determination Theory, SDT (2000), and Zimmerman's Self-Regulation Theory, SR (2001), with their assumptions, contributions, goddesses, and limitations, we come to the Self- vs. External Regulatory Theory, SR-ER (2021). Finally, we integrate recent evidence demonstrating the explanatory adequacy of the SR vs. ER model for different psychological constructions in different settings related to education, health, clinical practice and social work. Complementary, a new theoretical and empirical research agenda is presented, to continue testing the adequacy of SR vs. ER assumptions, and to better understand the behavioral variability of the different constructs studied.
Depression, Regulatory Focus, and Motivation
Personality and Individual Differences, 2007
The present study examined relationships between chronic regulatory focus and motivation to improve upon academic outcomes in a sample of individuals varying in degree of hopelessness depression (HD) symptoms. Participants recalled a recent negative academic outcome, completed a measure of regulatory focus, reported their subsequent motivation to improve upon future academic outcomes, and then indicated whether their grades on examinations, assignments, and their GPAs had improved or worsened since the described outcome. Results indicate that degree of HD symptoms positively relates to prevention focus and negatively relates to promotion focus, and the negative relationships between HD symptoms and both motivation and performance outcomes are mediated by (lack of) promotion focus.