Molecular interactions of formamide with 2-dimethylaminoethanol and 2-diethylaminoethanol: Physico-chemical study (original) (raw)
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The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 2012
The ultrasonic velocity (u) and density (q) of binary mixtures of formamide (FA) with 2-methoxyethanol (2-ME) and 2-ethoxyethanol (2-EE) have been measured over the entire composition range at temperatures (303.15, 313.15, and 323.15) K. The experimental values of ultrasonic velocities and densities have been used to determine the adiabatic compressibility (b S), intermolecular free length (L f), molar sound velocity (R), molar compressibility (B), and specific acoustic impedance (Z). The excess values of ultrasonic velocity (u E), adiabatic compressibility (b E S), acoustic impedance (Z E), and molar volume (V E m) were also calculated. The observed variations of these parameters, with composition and temperature, are discussed in terms of the molecular interactions due to physical, chemical, and structural effects between the unlike molecules of the binary mixtures. Further, the infrared spectra of both the systems, (FA + 2-ME) and (FA + 2-EE), have also been recorded at room temperature and found to be useful for understanding the presence of extensive hydrogen bonding between oxygen atom of C@O group of formamide and hydrogen atoms of the H-O group of 2-alkoxyethanol molecules in these binary liquid mixtures.
Physics and Chemistry of Liquids, 2013
The ultrasonic velocity (u) and density (ρ) of ternary mixture of formamide (FA) + N-methylformamide (NMF) + 2-chloroethanol (2-CletOH) have been measured at temperatures 298.15, 308.15 and 318.15 K, over the entire composition range. From the experimental values of ultrasonic velocity and density, adiabatic compressibility (β S), intermolecular free length (L f), molar sound velocity (R), molar compressibility (B) and specific acoustic impedance (Z) have been calculated. The excess values of ultrasonic velocity (u E), adiabatic compressibility (β E S) and molar volume (V E m) were also calculated. Further, the infrared spectra have been recorded at room temperature (298.15 K) and found to be useful for understanding the presence of extensive hydrogen bonding between oxygen atom of C=O group of FA and NMF molecules and hydrogen atom of the H-O group of 2-CletOH molecule in the present liquid mixture.
Molecular Interactions in Formamide + Isomeric Butanols: An Ultrasonic and Volumetric Study
Journal of Solution Chemistry, 2003
Densities, ρ, ultrasonic speeds, u and viscosities, η of the binary mixtures of formamide (FA) with 1-butanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol, and 2-methyl-2-propanol, including those of pure liquids, were measured over the whole composition range at 35°C. Using the experimental values of ρ, u and η, the deviations in isentropic compressibility, Δκ s , excess volume, V E, viscosity, Δ η, and excess Gibbs energy of activation of viscous flow, G*E , were calculated from the linear dependence of these parameters on composition of mixtures. The apparent molar isentropic compressibility, K φ,2 and apparent molar volume, V φ,2 of alcohols in FA were also calculated. The variations of these parameters with composition are discussed from the point of view of intermolecular interactions in these mixtures. The V E data have also been analyzed using Prigogine–Flory–Patterson theory. An analysis of each of the three contributions, viz., interactional, free volume, and P* effect to V E shows that P*, the internal pressure parameter of the theory, plays a dominant role in deciding the sign and magnitude of V E.
Chinese Journal of Chemistry, 2007
Excess volumes (V E), ultrasonic velocities (u), isentropic compressibility (∆K s) and viscosities (η) for the binary mixtures of dimethyl formamide (DMF) with 1,2-dichlorobenzene, 1,3-dichlorobenzene, 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, o-chlorotoluene, m-chlorotoluene, p-chlorotoluene, o-nitrotoluene and m-nitrotoluene at 303.15 K were studied. Excess volume data exhibit an inversion in sign for the mixtures of dimethyl formamide with 1,2-and 1,3-dichlorobenzenes and the property is completely positive over the entire composition range for the mixtures of dimethyl formamide with 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, o-nitrotoluene and m-nitrotoluene. On the other hand, the quantity is negative for the mixtures of dimethyl formamide with chlorotoluenes. Isentropic compressibility (K s) has been computed for the same systems from precise sound velocity and density data. Further, deviation of isentropic compressibility (∆K s) from ideal behavior was also calculated. ∆K s values are negative over the entire volume fraction range in all the binary mixtures. The experimental sound velocity data were analysed in terms of Free Length Theory (FLT) and Collision Factor Theory (CFT). The viscosity data were analysed on the basis of corresponding state approach. The measured data were discussed on the basis of intermolecular interactions between unlike molecules.
Volumetric behaviour and isentropic compressibility of formamide with 2-dialkylaminoethanols
Thermochimica Acta, 2018
Highlights: 1. Hydrogen bonding occurs between FA+2-DMAE /2-DEAE molecules 2. Molecular association follows: FA + 2-DEAE > FA + 2-DMAE 2 , ,), at infinite dilution, over the entire composition range are also calculated. The knowledge of the volumetric properties and molar compression aids to understand specific molecular interactions existing between the FA and 2-DMAE/ 2-DEAE molecules of the binary system. The strength of intermolecular interactions in these mixtures follows the order: FA+ 2-DEAE > FA + 2-DMAE. The required experimental data are used from our earlier work on the volumetric and acoustic study published in J. Mol. Liqs. 219 186 (2016).
Physics and Chemistry of Liquids, 2020
The pseudo-Gruneisen parameter Γ, effective Debye temperatureθ D , acoustic nonlinearity parameter B=A, internal pressure P in and isobaric thermal expansion coefficient α have been evaluated for binary liquid mixtures of formamide (FA) and N-methylformamide (NMF) with 2-chloroethanol (2Cl-OH) at 298.15 K, 308.15 K and 318.15 K, over the entire concentration range. The excess pseudo-Gruneisen parameter Γ E , excess effective Debye temperature θ E D , excess nonlinearity parameterðB=AÞ E , excess internal pressure P E in and excess isobaric thermal expansion coefficient α E were also calculated. The calculated values are reasonably satisfactory with the experimental results on sound propagation data of liquid mixtures. These physicochemical parameters play an important role in understanding of the significance of anharmonic and nonlinear behaviour with regard to intermolecular interactions in the liquid mixtures.
Journal of Chemical & …, 2007
Densities and viscosities of binary liquid mixtures of formamide with 2-methoxyethanol, acetophenone, acetonitrile, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, and dimethylsulfoxide have been measured at (298.15, 308.15, and 318.15) K and over the entire composition range at p) 0.1 MPa. Ultrasonic speeds of these binary liquid mixtures have also been measured at 298.15 K and the same pressure. From the experimental data, values of excess molar volume V m E , viscosity deviation ∆η, and deviation in isentropic compressibility ∆K S have been determined. These results were fitted to the Redlich-Kister-type polynomial equation. The density and viscosity data have been analyzed in terms of some semiempirical viscosity models.
Molecular interaction studies on thermophysical and excess properties of formamide with n-propanol
Static dielectric constants at (293.15, 298.15, 303.15 K), densities and refractive indices at (293.15 K) of binary mixtures of formamide with n-propanol have been measured over the entire range of mole fractions. The variation in measured parameters with respect to temperature and composition are discussed in detail. Excess dielectric constants, Kirkwood and Bruggeman factors were estimated from experimental dielectric data to confirm molecular structure, orientation of electric dipoles, intermolecular interaction and hydrogen bonding in the binary mixtures. Excess molar volume VE, deviation in molar refraction ΔR, related thermophysical parameters, excess properties have also been estimated and analyzed. The nonlinear variation in dielectric constants, deviation in linear relation in Bruggeman factor, negative VE and ΔR suggest the presence of molecular interaction and formation of hydrogen bonds between formamide and n-propanol molecules.
Asian Journal of Chemistry, 2018
Theoretical values of speed of sound in binary liquid mixtures of fomamide with N,N-dimethylaniline have been evaluated at 303.15, 308.15 and 313.15 K. The experimentally determined values of speed of sound have been used to check the applicability of different speed of sound models of Nomoto (NOM), impedance (IMP), ideal mixing relation (IMR), Vandael and Vangeel (VDV), Junjie (JUN) and Rao's specific velocity (RAO) relation. The validity of these theories was checked by applying chi-square test (χ) for goodness of fit and by calculating the average percentage error. Further viscosity data have been used to test the applicability of standard viscosity models of Hind, Grunberg and Nissan, Katti and Chaudhri, Wiki, Tamura and Kurata, after that corresponding interaction terms and standard deviation (σ) of these theories are calculated at various temperatures for the binary liquid systems. The results are interpreted in terms of molecular interaction between the components of the binary mixtures.