Performance and bone quality of broilers fed diets containing different levels of phosphorus and supplemented with phytase (original) (raw)
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Egyptian Journal of Nutrition and Feeds, 2021
he aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding phytase enzyme in broiler diet with optimized nutrients content (standard) or with calcium and phosphorus deficiency on growth performance, bone quality, Carcass traits and economic efficiency. Total numbers of 180 one-day old broiler chicks of Cobb 500 were randomly distributed into 6 treatments with 10 chicks per replicate and 3 replicate per treatment. Chicks fed on 3 starter (0-21 d) and 3 grower diets (100, 75 and 50%) of calcium and phosphorus requirements according to the guidebook off Cobb 500 broilers. All the diets were without or with adding commercial and enzymatic product (phytase, 550 FTU) per kg diet. The main results obtained can be summarized as follows: There were insignificant difference in body weight, body weight gain, feed consumption and feed conversion between chicks fed different levels of calcium and phosphate with or without enzyme supplementation.Carcass traits (dressing percentage and ready to cook) were non-significantly different for all treatment groups except giblets percentage, liver percentage, gizzard percentage and heart percentage were significantly affected by calcium and phosphorus levels. In the same manner, tibia length tibia width and tibia seedor index weren't significantly affected by treatments. Whereas, tibia-brokering stress was significantly reduced only with chicks 100/50% diet and chicks fed (100/100%) diet give the significantly higher figure. Results of economic evaluation showed that supplementation phytase enzyme (100/75) calcium and phosphorus in broiler diet support and enhance economic efficiency. In conclusion, it could be recommended that using of (100/75) as a level of calcium and phosphorus according to the guidebook of Cobb 500 broiler diet with phytase enzyme could keep better utilization of both calcium and phosphorus to maintain performance, carcass and tibia as well as enhance economic efficiency.
Poultry Science, 2018
There has been discussion regarding microbial phytase replacing inorganic phosphorus (P) supplementation in broiler diets. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to examine the effect of phytase supplementation on diets low in inorganic P. Ross 308 broilers (n=288) were fed one of six experimental diets in four phases. The control diet had 16.20, 10.90, 9.40 and 6.10g/kg inorganic P in the Starter, Grower 1, Grower 2 and Finisher phase respectively. The remaining diets had 10.50g/kg inorganic P in the Starter phase. Two of the diets had graded reductions in inorganic P of 5.10, 3.60 and 0.60g/kg or 2.00, 0.50 and 0.60g/kg for the Grower 1, Grower 2 and Finisher phase respectively, plus 500 FTU phytase. Three of the diets had inorganic P levels of 0.40, 0.50 and 0.60g/kg for the Grower 1, Grower 2 and Finisher diets respectively and either 500, 750 or 1000 FTU phytase. Broiler performance was analyzed at d10, 20, 26 and 35. On d35 ileal calcium (Ca) and P digestibility and tibia bone strength, mineralization and mineral content were analyzed. There were no significant differences between the control diet and diet containing 1000 FTU phytase and low inorganic P in the grower or finisher diets based on bird performance, tibia strength and Ca and P digestibility. Birds fed the control diet had significantly higher BWG (P = 0.001), bone strength (P<0.001) and ash content (P<0.001) compared to birds fed the diets with 500 FTU or 750 FTU phytase and low inorganic P in the grower and finisher stages. This may be due to incomplete dephosphorylation of the inositol ring of phytate with these doses of phytase, but with 1000 FTU phytase there was almost complete phosphate hydrolysis of each phytate. This study showed that relying on phytase alone to ensure full supply of P in broiler diets is viable in finisher diets but is not recommended in grower diets unless phytase is supplied at doses of 1000 FTU or greater.
2005
A study was conducted with 576 mixed sex, Ross broiler chicks to evaluate the influence of different non-phytate phosphorus (NPP) levels(0.45, 0.38, and 0.31 % during starter and 0.43, 0.36, and 0.29 % during grower and finisher periods) with and without 500 FTU phytase (Ronezyme P) on performance. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design in 3×2 factorial arrangements (three replicate /each 32 chicks). The results showed that chicks fed with lower NPP diets had significantly lower body weight at 40 and 50d; lower daily gain during 20-40d and 0-50 d; and higher feed conversion ratio during 20-40d period. Phytase supplementation to the diets had only significantly increased feed intake during 21-40d period. The interactions between NPP levels and phytase supplementation on body weight at 40d and FCR during 0-20d was significant, in which the BW of the chicks fed lowest NPP diets was improved by phytase, whilst those of chicks fed high NPP diets was adversely affected by phytase supplementation.
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of phytase supplementation on the growth performance, nutrients utilization and bone mineralization in broiler chickens. Day-old broiler chicks (n=480) were equally devided into eight treatment groups and fed maize or wheat based isocaloric, isonitrogenous and isocalcium diets having two non phytate phosphorus (NPP) concentrations (0.50% and 0.30%) and two phytase levels (0 and 500 phytase units/kg diet) in a 42 days growth trial. Maize based dietary treatments were MC (NPP 0.50%, MN (NPP 0.30%), MNP (MN+500 units of phytase) and MCP (MC+500 units of phytase), whereas wheat based experimental diets were WC (NPP 0.50%), WN (NPP 0.30%), WNP (WN+500 units of phytase) and WCP (WC+500 units of phytase). The NPP levels were maintained by dicalcium phosphate. Reduction in dietary NPP depressed live weight gain and feed intake and increased feed conversion ratio (FCR). Phytase supplementation to low NPP (0.30%) diets significantly (p<0.05) improved the growth performances of broilers. The supplementation to low NPP diets allowed complete, safe and economic replacement of dietary inorganic P (dicalcium phosphate) to reduce feed cost per kg live weight gain of broilers. Reduction in dietary NPP did not affect retention of nutrients except phosphorus (P) but had a significant (p<0.05) depression in tibia ash and minerals (Ca, P) concentration in serum and tibia ash. Phytase supplementation at low NPP level was effective (p<0.05) in improving the retention of dry matter, Ca and P and Ca and P concentration in serum and tibia ash. However, the supplementation was not effective at high level of NPP (0.50%). There were no significant (p>0.05) differences in carcass quality among dietary treatments. The response of phytase was greater in low NPP and maize based diets as compared with high NPP and wheat based diets, respectively. The results show that phytase supplementation to low NPP (0.30%) diets improved the growth performance, relative retention of nutrients (N, Ca and P) and minerals (Ca, P) status of blood and bone in broiler chickens, with a better efficacy in maize based diets. (Asian-Aust.
Effects of calcium and nonphytate phosphorus concentrations on phytase efficacy in broiler chicks
Poultry Science, 2005
Phytase supplementation over a range of different levels of dietary Ca and nonphytate phosphorus (NPP) was investigated by comparing surface response curves from regression equations generated with (experiment 1) and without (experiment 2) phytase using various performance and bone quality parameters. Cobb × Cobb broiler chicks were raised from 0 to 16 d in 2 experiments using corn-soybean meal based diets. Experiment 1 used a 4 × 4 factorial arrangement with diets formulated to contain combinations of 4 levels of Ca: 0.38, 0.58, 0.78, and 0.98% and 4 levels of NPP: 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5%. Experiment 2 used a composite rotatable design in which rations were formulated to contain dietary Ca levels of 0.38, 0.47, 0.68, 0.89, and 0.98% and NPP levels of 0.20, 0.24, 0.35, 0.46, and 0.50%. An extra point was included in the design to contain the lowest Ca and lowest NPP levels (0.38% Ca and 0.20% NPP). All combinations of Ca
Journal of Applied Animal Research, 2009
Gürbüz, Y., Cetin, M. and Sengul, T. 2009. Effect of phytase supplementation on performance, tibia ash and serum P in broilers fed diets with different levels of phosphorus. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 36: 137–140.In order to determine the optimal concentration of phytase and available phosphorus (aP) supplementation in broiler diets; 0.13%, 0.26% and 0.40% aP contents, each supplemented with 400, 800 and 1200 IU/kg phytase respectively, were tested against a control diet of 0.49% aP with no enzyme addition. Birds performed significantly better with control diet with sufficient phosphors concentration. The diet of 0.13% available aP with 400 IU/kg enzyme concentration (A) had lowest serum phosphorus level and tibia ash content in broiler chicken. No remarkable difference, available was observed in feed utilization efficiency among the experimental diets. However, costly aP could be saved by feeding it at the lowest level with highest level of phosphatase.
Asian-Australasian journal of animal sciences, 2013
Phytate is not only an unavailable source of phosphorus (P) for broilers but it also acts as an anti-nutrient, reducing protein and mineral absorption, increasing endogenous losses and reducing broiler performance. The objective of this study was to investigate the anti-nutritional effects of phytate by including high levels of phytase in diets not severely limited in available P. A total of 768 male Arbor Acres broilers were distributed in six treatments of eight replicate pens of 16 birds each consisting of a positive control diet (PC), positive control with 500 FTU/kg phytase, negative control (NC) diet with lower available P and calcium (Ca) levels and the same NC diet with 500, 1,000 or 1,500 FTU/kg phytase. Body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and mortality were determined at 21 and 35 d of age while foot ash was determined in four birds per pen at 21 d of age. FI, FCR and foot ash where not affected by the lower mineral diets at 21 d of age no...
Effect of non-phytate phosphorus levels and phytase sources on performance in broiler chicks
2005
This study was carried out to investigate the effects of formulating diets varying in nonphytate phosphorus levels (0.45, 0.38 and 0.31 % during the starter and 0.43, 0.36 and 0.29 % during the grower and finisher periods, respectively) with 500 F.T.U of either Natuphos or Ronozyme-P phytase on performance in broiler chicks. Ross straight-run broiler chicks (n=576) were allocated to six dietary treatments, each replicated three times (32 chicks per pen) in a completely randomized design in a 3×2 factorial arrangements. The results indicated that the chicks fed diet containing lower NPP levels had significantly lower body weight at 40 and 50 d; lower daily gain during 21-40d; and higher feed conversion ratio during 21-40d period. The broiler performance was not affected by either source of phytase or the interaction between phytase source and NPP levels.
Indian Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2017
A feeding trial was conducted to assess the effect of super dosing of phytase in either normal or low phosphorus or low calcium corn-soy based diets of broiler chicken. A total of 112 healthy, day-old, Cobb chicks were distributed randomly to 4 treatments with 4 replicates each having 7 chicks. In the first two groups, normal recommended P diet (0.45% available P during starter and 0.40% during finisher phase) was fed without phytase supplementation (control) or supplemented with phytase (@ 2500 FTU; phytase unit/kg diet). The third group was supplemented with phytase (@ 2500 FTU/kg diet) to a low P (0.31% available P during starter and 0.15% during finisher phase) diet with normal Ca (1% Ca in diet). In the fourth group, it was similar to third diet but with lower (0.8%) level of Ca. The inorganic P was not added to third and fourth groups during finisher phase. The body weight gain and feed intake of chicks were similar during starter, finisher and overall phase. The feed conversion ratio was lower in the third group during finisher phase as compared to other 3 groups, however, it was similar when compared during overall phase. The bone morphology and mineralization was not affected either by normal or lower P levels in diet supplemented with super dosing of phytase. The results indicated that super dosing of phytase on low P and Ca diets were beneficial than the normal standard dose of phytase in diet of broiler chicken.
The effectiveness of phytase in broiler diets in improving production performances and bone features
Acta veterinaria, 2012
The possibilities of use of microbial phytase in maize/soybean meal diets for broilers from 21 to 42 days of age with different dietary total and available phosphorus (TP and AP) levels were investigated. A 22-day experiment was carried out on 240 Arbor Acres broilers of both sexes divided into six groups. The broilers were given diets with 0.43%, 0.23% or 0.10% AP, with or without phytase supplementation. During the experiment, health status and mortality, physical, chemical and morphological bone characteristics were investigated. Reduction of the mineral source of P from the diet increased mortality and health problems. Addition of phytase decreased mortality and alleviated negative effects of dicalcium phosphate exclusion. Histological, physical and chemical analysis of broiler tibia indicates that the extent and significance of changes depend on P deficiency and phytase addition. Phytase efficacy was greater in diets with a reduced level of dicalcium phosphate.