Genetic improvement and registration of naturally coloured Gossypium hirsutum cotton genotypes suitable for textile industry (original) (raw)
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Evaluation of Brown Coloured Cotton Genotypes by Genetic Studies (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2020
The present study was conducted on genetic variability, correlation coefficient analysis for seed cotton yield and its component traits in 18 brown coloured cotton genotypes collected from CICR, Nagpur, which was carried out during kharif2018 at the Main Agricultural Research Station, UAS, Raichur, Karnataka. Observations on traits viz., plant height at harvest, number of sympodia, number of monopodia, sympodial length at ground level, sympodial length at 50% plant height, number of bolls per plant, lint index, boll weight, internodal distance, seed index, seed cotton yield per plant, ginning out turn, fibre length, fibre strength and micronaire were recorded. The results showed that highest GCV for number of monopoodia per plant and sympodial length at 50% plant height. Highest heritability was observed for number of sympodia, plant height, fibre length ginning out turn and seed index. Plant height at harvest, number of monopodia per plant, number of sympodia per plant, sympodial length at ground level, intermodal distance were positively correlated with seed cotton yield and the traits viz., seed index and fibre length exhibited negative correlation.
Association analysis among agronomic and fiber quality traits in color-cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2019
Improvement in the seed cotton yield with stable natural Color is an important goal in Color-cotton breeding. Seed cotton yield being a complex quantitative trait is affected by both genetic and environmental factors. Correlation studies pave a role in selection of yield influencing traits and gives an idea how traits are associated with it. We evaluated 240 Color-cotton genotypes with five white genotypes as checks during kharif 2016 at the Agricultural Research Station (ARS), Dharwad farm, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad using an augmented design. Analysis of variance indicated that there was significant variation in the experimental material. Seed cotton yield had highly significant and positive correlation with its component traits viz., plant height, number of monopodia per plant, number of sympodia per plant, number of bolls per plant, ginning outturn and boll weight. These traits can be used as surrogate traits for improvement of yield. Fiber color was negatively associated with upper half mean length of fibre, fiber strength, uniformity index and elongation value. It thus seems that improvement of fiber quality traits and improving intensity of pigmentation simultaneously is challenging. Intensity of pigmentation was directly associated with fiber fineness and maturity ratio. Thus, improvement of fiber color retaining other fiber quality traits should be the priority breeding approach in Color-cotton.
Summary Cotton is an important agricultural commodity, providing income to millions of farmers in industrial and developing countries. Technological changes in the textile industry mean that priorities concerning fibre properties have also changed and cotton breeders have concentrated on improvement in fibre traits to meet the demands of industry. Because of adoption of rotor spinning that converts raw fibre into yarns at a speed of 150 mmin-1 as compared to 20m min-1 of ring spinning, the requirements of textile industries of raw cotton have changed. According to these new norms, fibre strength is a greater determinant of yarn quality. India is the only country where all four of the cultivated species of cotton are grown for commerce. Gossypium hirsutum cultivars and hybrids have been grown to meet the demands of medium to superior medium staple cotton requirement followed by diploid desi cottons, G.arboreum and G.herbaceum, for medium to short staple cotton, while the demand for l...
Journal of Plant Production, 2023
This study was conducted at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Cotton Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt, during two growing seasons (2021 and 2022). Six Egyptian cotton varieties were used as lines with five genotypes as testers, using line x tester analysis. Genotypes, parents, crosses and parents vs. crosses mean squares were extremely significant for all the studied characters, except for micronaire reading in the crosses. Giza 94 x 10229 exhibited significant useful heterosis (BP) for all the studied characters. Lines Giza 86 and Giza 76 recorded significantly and positive desirable general combining ability effects (GCA) for most traits while, Giza 96 was significant desirable general combining ability effects for fiber quality characters. In this respect, testers showed that Uzbekistan had significant and positive desirable for most yield characters while, BBB had significant desirable general combining ability effects for most studied characters. Crosses Giza 96 x Australy13, Giza 86 x 10229 and Giza 75 x C.B.58 were significant desirable specific combining ability effects (SCA) for some yield traits. Generally, Giza 86 could be used for improving high yielding cotton varieties in plant breeding programs, while Giza 96 considered as beneficial parent for breeding programs to produce new varieties characterized with best fiber quality.
Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research, 2017
A three year study with the objective of exploring the possible role of different sowing dates and cotton genotypes on seed cotton yield, fiber quality and virus attack was conducted at the Cotton Research Station (CRS), Multan, Pakistan during three consecutive years (2006, 2007 and 2008). Two cotton genotypes namely: MNH-6070 and CIM-496 were sown on five different sowing dates (15th April, 1st May, 15th May, 1st June and 15th June) during the three consecutive years (2006, 2007 and 2008). The analyzed data indicated that early sown cotton (15th April) resulted in low virus attack (21.06%) and enhanced seed cotton yield (1575%), together with yield components (number of bolls per plant and boll weight), and improved fiber quality (staple length and micronaire) during all the three years as compared with late sown crop (15th June). Likewise, MNH-6070 also resulted in low virus attack (45.79%) and higher seed cotton yield (117.19%), as well as yield components. Regarding fiber quality, MNH-6070 resulted in higher micronarie, while CIM-496 resulted in higher staple length. Early sowing and cotton genotype MNH-6070 also resulted in maximum ginning out turn (GOT). Nonetheless, seed cotton yield and fiber quality were both negatively affected due to late sowing (1st and 15th of June) in both cotton genotypes. In crux, early sowing enhanced seed cotton yield due to increased number of bolls per plant, boll weight and low virus attack. Similarly, cotton genotype MNH-6070 also resulted to higher seed cotton yield, GOT and more resistance against virus attack due to its better genetic makeup. In summary, cotton genotype MNH-6070 should be sown on 15th April in order to obtain maximum seed cotton yield under agro-climatic conditions of Multan, Pakistan.
Genetic Parameters of Economic and Fibre Characters in Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences
Cotton popularly known as 'king of fibre', for its value on Indian economy and textile industries. Synthetic fibres like linen, nylon have dominated the cotton production in the past decade. Now the attention of people has diverted towards the use of natural fibre, especially cotton due to their positive impacts on the environment (Lokeshkumar et al.,
Genetics of fibre quality traits in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
2008
Five upland cotton varieties were crossed in a complete diallel mating system to assess the genetics of fibre length (FL), fibre strength (FS), fibre fineness (FF), fibre uniformity (FU) and fibre elongation (FE) utilizing Mather and Jinks approach. Differences were found to be significant (P<0.01) for all the characters. Adequacy tests revealed that data of all the characters were partially adequate for genetic interpretation except FE. Additive component (D) was significant in all the traits and was lower in magnitude than dominant components (H1 and H2) of variation for FS and FU which was firmly supported by the value of H1/D 0.5. Dominant genes were in excess than recessive genes in the parents for all the traits except for FF. Asymmetrical distribution of dominant and recessive genes in parents for all characters was confirmed, and soundly sustained by the value of H 2 /4H 1. The h 2 value was insignificant for all the characters except FS. Moderately high narrow sense heritability (h 2 n.s) was exhibited by FF, FU and FE, while SL and FS possessed low heritability. Graphical representation demonstrated additive gene action for SL, FF, and FE whereas; FS and FU were controlled by overdominance effects. Full sib or half sib family selection, pedigree and progeny test would probably be necessary to achieve the genetic progress for SL, FF, and FE while hetrosis breeding could be fruitful for improvement of FS and FU.
Genetic Analysis Of Fibre Characters Of Upland Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.)
ABSTRACT A complete diallel analysis that involved 2 indigenous and 2 exotic genotypes was conducted to study the inheritance of lint yield, ginning outturn %, staple length and fibre fineness. Differences among the genotypes were found to be significant (P<0.01) for all the characters. The Wr/Vr graphs revealed that the characters such as lint yield, staple length and fibre fineness were governed by additive type of gene action. Among the varieties Chandi-95 and 8631-20 possessed most of the dominant genes. High narrow sense heritability further revealed that selection could be very effective to improve the traits via selecting segregating generations. Key words: Combining ability, components of variation, fibre quality, gene action, Gossypium hirsutum L.
2018
The genetic components, genetic variability, correlation and path analysis between yield, fiber quality and earliness traits were evaluated in 18 advance lines of cotton along with two checks. The values of heritability were higher for yield and quality parameters, but for earliness traits heritability was moderate. The results of correlation coefficients for days to flower initiation, boll weight, GOT%, sympodia branches and boll number per plant showed significant positive genotypic and phenotypic associations with seed cotton yield. Maximum values of direct effects on yield were also observed for these traits. The results of principal component analysis revealed that 4 four components contributed 78% of total variation. Cluster analysis showed that genotypes in cluster-II viz: FH-488, FH-490, FH-142, FH-451, FH-452, FH-453, FH-455 are exploitable not only for hybridization purpose but also some of the genotypes in this cluster may be recommended for testing in national and provin...
2010
Field experiment was conducted during 2004-09 at New Delhi to develop recombinant inbred lines for fibre strength and other important fibre quality traits in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Most of the presently developed G hirsutum cottons have low fibre strength. There is an urgent need to breed for high fibre strength to meet the demands of modem textile industry. High fibre strength line 'Pusa 56-4' was crossed with low fibre strength variety 'RS 2013' during 2004. Wide variation was observed in F 2 , F 3 and F 4 generations for fibre quality traits, especially fibre strength and also for seed cotton yield and important yield components. Transgressive segregation was observed for fibre strength, length and other traits. Ninety-three plants evaluated during 2008-09 in F 4 generation showed more than 26 g/tex fibre strength and 30 plants out of these showed high yield ranging from 204.1 to 459.2 g/plant. All the 297 plants in F 4 generation are being advanced to F ...