A Preliminary Feasibility Study Of A Fuel Cell Based Combined Cooling Heating and Power System (original) (raw)
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2014
A fuel cell is a device that produces an electric and heat from the oxidation of a fuel, usually uses hydrogen by oxygen. The main purpose of this paper is to estimate primary energy savings and CO2 reduction potentials applied to the installation of fuel cell systems. Based on the measured data of electricity and heating demand required for the liquid desiccant and evaporative cooling-assisted-100% outdoor air system (LD-IDECOAS), applicability of fuel cell system which provides electric power and hot water simultaneously is evaluated by detailed simulation. Using the measured load profile of the pilot system, the required electric capacity of the fuel cell system was designed at 10 kW. The performance of the previous systems using conventional gas-fired boiler and purchased electricity are compared with that of the proposed system to evaluate energy saving potential. The results show that the designed fuel cell provides electricity and heating energy recovered from stack at 34.4% ...
Science and Technology for the Built Environment, 2019
This paper presents an energy and exergy analysis of a desiccant cooling system integrated with an air-based thermal energy storage (TES) unit using phase change materials (PCMs) and a photovoltaic/thermal-solar air collector (PV/T-SAC). The PV/T-SAC was used to generate thermal energy for desiccant wheel regeneration and space heating, and the TES was used to solve the mismatch between thermal energy supply and demand. The performance of this system was evaluated using a simulation system developed using TRNSYS. The effects of several key parameters on solar thermal contribution, specific net electricity generation, and the exergy destructions of individual components and overall system were investigated. It was found that the system exergy destruction was mainly resulted by the PV/T-SAC. Both the exergy performance and energy performance of this system were significantly influenced by the length and PV factor of the PV/T-SAC used. The results obtained from this study could be potentially used to guide the optimal design of desiccant cooling systems integrated with thermal energy storage and solar energy systems.
An overview on use of renewable solar energy in desiccant based thermal cooling systems
2020
The use of thermal energy produced by renewable solar heat is an interesting option for desiccant regeneration in comfort space cooling system. Various options available for collecting the solar radiations to provide reactivation heat for desiccant regeneration in desiccant assisted dehumidification and cooling system. This means of thermal cooling is economically viable as well as environment friendly. The integration of different solar collectors with the desiccant cooling cycle is resulted to the green cooling as it eliminates the use of CFC based ozone depleting refrigerants and CO<sub>2</sub> as green house gases which is responsible for global warming. An overview is presented to introduce different configurations of the combined system and performance evaluation of the same under different climatic situations.
Renewable Energy, 2012
Since July 2008, a Solar Desiccant Evaporative Cooling (DEC) system has been operating as a test plant at the solar laboratory of the Dipartimento di Energia (ex DREAM) of the University of Palermo. The system is composed of an air handling unit (AHU) designed for ventilation of the laboratory coupled with a radiant ceiling that provides most of the required sensible cooling/heating energy. Flat plate collectors deliver part of the regeneration heat of the desiccant wheel during the summertime and are used for space heating during the wintertime.
Heat recovery options for onboard fuel cell systems
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2011
Environment Marine a b s t r a c t Solid oxide fuel cell fuelled by methanol is an attractive option to limit the environmental impact of the marine sector. In this publication, a study on heat-recovery has been made for a 250 kW SOFC atmospheric system fuelled by methanol, to satisfy the auxiliary demand onboard of a commercial vessel. Feasible heat-recovery systems were investigated, taking into account efficiency, costs, and space requirements. The heat-recovery possibilities taken into account are electricity production using an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC), steam/hot water production, air-conditioning obtained using an Absorption Chiller, and demineralised water recovery. The software WTEMP, developed by the TPG (Thermochemical Power Group) of the University of Genoa, was used for the analysis; models of bottoming cycle, desalination unit, and absorption chiller were developed for this work.
Energy, Exergy and Anergy Analysis of a Solar Desiccant Cooling System
Some alternative and cost effective approaches are needed for space cooling of buildings in order to resolve environmental and economic issues. Desiccant cooling is one of the alternative to conventional air conditioning systems which can solve many problems related to air conditioning. In this paper a method is developed for energy, exergy and anergy analysis of the desiccant cooling system operating on ventilation cycle. Both exergy and energy analysis are usually applied in parallel in order to find the rational use of energy and to determine the individual performances of each component. The transport of exergy between the system components and destructions of exergy accompanied with each component of the system are determined using average parameters calculated from theoretical analysis. The effect of ratio between regeneration to process air flow rate and temperature of regeneration on system performance has been studied too. The results shows that desiccant wheel and solar collector shares the major part of the exergy destruction (about 65%). The upper theoretical limit of system performance can be determined by carrying both exergy and energy analysis which cannot be determined by carrying energy analysis alone. The analysis shows the direction for exergy destruction/anergy minimization by identifying and quantifying the sites with exergy losses.
Building air conditioning system using fuel cell: Case study for Kuwait
Applied Thermal Engineering, 2007
Air conditioning machines in Kuwait consume more than 75% of electric energy generated at peak load time. It is in the national interest of Kuwait to decelerate the continuous increase of peak electric power demand. One way to do this is to install for new complexes or high-rise apartments buildings distributed utilities (isolated small power plants), mainly for air conditioning A/C systems. Fuel cells are among the alternatives considered for distributed utilities.
Desiccant cooling with solar energy
2001
Desiccant cooling systems combine sorptive dehumidification, heat recovery, evaporation and heating to create a cooling process which can offer energy savings compared to conventional air conditioning systems. Waste heat or solar energy can be used for the required regeneration of the sorbens in the dehumidifier, leading to further energy savings. A desiccant cooling plant with solar air collectors has been installed and parametric studies, particularly of the dehumidifier, have been undertaken. These show that it is possible to reduce the regeneration air flow with only a small reduction in the dehumidification efficiency, enabling desiccant cooling systems to run with high COPs. The results of the measurements were used as input parameters to a new dynamic simulation program, which was specifically developed for the purpose of assessing the potential for desiccant cooling under different climatic conditions. The program predicts the hourly performance of a desiccant cooling system and the associated building. With this new simulation tool it is possible to optimise desiccant cooling systems with solar components. The simulations were executed for a desiccant cooling system with solar air collectors connected to a test building and using climatic data of Stuttgart,