Enzyme effect on intestinal viscosity in broilers (original) (raw)
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2013
The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of various types of enzymes, such as mono-enzymes represented by xylanase, betaglucanse or poly-enzymes complex on productive performances as well as on intestinal viscosity and on some biochemical indices of sanguine indices. This experiment was carried out on a group of 200 chickens distributed in four experimental groups (10 replicate with 5 chickens/cage) as follows: the experimental group EG1, fed with 600g of wheat/kg complete feed and 100 mg/kg of xylanase, the experimental group EG2 fed with 600g of wheat/kg complete feed and 250 mg/kg poly-enzymatic complex, the experimental group EG3, fed with 600g of wheat/kg complete feed and the experimental group EG4, fed with 600g of wheat/kg complete feed and 250 mg/kg of poly-enzymatic complex. Complete feed based on enzymes like wheat and barley increases feed consumption throughout the experimental period. Adding poly-enzymatic complex in complete feed based on barley leads to a...
Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences, 2017
In this study, we have evaluated the effect of three multi-enzymes nutrient matrix values and compared the results with that fed barley and the corn diets without enzyme. In entire period, addition of all enzymes to the barley-based diet significantly (p < 0.05) increased feed intake (FI) and the highest intake was for birds that fed enzyme A (p < 0.05). Overall, from 0 to 42 days, average daily gain (ADG) was significantly (p < 0.05) increased by enzyme and birds fed enzyme A had the highest body weight (p < 0.05). Generally, from 0 to 42 d of age, feed conversion ratio (FCR) was significantly (p < 0.05) improved when enzyme added to barley-based diet, but there were no significant differences among diets containing enzymes A and C and the corn-based diet. The carcass weight, and the relative weight of the abdominal fat were significantly increased by enzyme, while small intestine and cecum decreased with enzyme addition (p < 0.05). Enzyme significantly decreased jejunal viscosity at Day 23 (p < 0.05), whereas pH of jejunal digesta was not changed (p > 0.05). Litter moisture and water to feed ratio at 15, 25, and 33 days of age significantly decreased by addition of all enzymes (p < 0.05). In conclusion, considering nutrient matrix values for all used enzymes improved performance of broilers and can be used in formulating diets commercial broiler diets based on barley.
African Journal of Biotechnology
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of four commercial multi-enzymes on the performance, meat yield, water intake, litter moisture and jejunal digesta viscosity of chicks fed wheat/barley based diet. A total of 195 1-d-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were allocated to 5 treatment groups, with 3 replicates per treatment group and 13 birds per replicate pen and all data were analyzed in a randomized complete block design. During the starter period, feed conversion ratio (FCR) was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased by only enzymes A, B and D. Moreover, FCR was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased by all enzymes in grower and entire periods. The relative weight of the breast as proportion of live weight was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased by only enzyme A. The relative weight of the abdominal fat as proportion of live weight was also significantly (P < 0.05) increased by enzyme D. Enzyme supplementation decreased viscosity of jejunal contents of chicks at day 28, but only enzymes A and D reduced significantly (P < 0.05) the viscosity of jejunum compared to control diet. In conclusion, there were similar improvements on FCR of birds fed diets with enzyme supplementation and choice preference of enzyme supplementation has to be base on its economic value.
Poultry Science, 2008
We studied the influence of enzyme supplementation (ES) of the diet and heat processing (HP) of barley on digestive traits and productive performance of broilers from 1 to 42 d of age. There were 6 diets arranged factorially with 2 doses (0 and 500 ppm) of a fungal enzyme complex with β-glucanase and xylanase activity and 3 HP of barley (raw, micronized, and expanded). In addition, a control diet based on raw corn without ES was also included from 1 to 21 d of age. Enzymes reduced intestinal viscosity (IV) at all ages (P ≤ 0.001) and water intake at 21 d of age (P ≤ 0.01) and increased DM of the ileal contents at 28 d (P ≤ 0.001). Also, ES increased total tract apparent retention of nutrients and BW gain and feed conversion ratio from 1 to 42 d of age (P ≤ 0.001). Heat processing of barley increased
Poultry Science, 2014
The ileal energy contribution of protein, starch, and fat in response to 2 exogenous enzyme combinations was studied in 2 digestibility assays with 21-(experiment 1; 432 birds) and 42-d-old (experiment 2; 288 birds) Ross 308 broiler chickens. A 2 × 2 × 3 factorial arrangement of treatments with 2 base grains (corn or wheat), without or with high fiber ingredients (corn distillers dried grains with solubles and canola meal), and 3 enzyme treatments was implemented. Enzyme treatments, fed from 12 to 21 d or 32 to 42 d, were 1) without enzymes, 2) with xylanase from Trichoderma ressei (2,000 U/kg) and amylase from Bacillus licheniformis (200 U/kg; XA), or 3) with XA plus protease from Bacillus subtilis (4,000 U/kg; XAP). All diets contained Escherichia coli phytase (500 FTU/kg). Apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of protein, starch, and fat, as well as the apparent ileal digestible energy, were determined using titanium dioxide as inert marker. A generalized mixed model was used to test main effects and 2-way interactions at P < 0.05. An enzyme × grain interaction was detected for AID of starch at 21 and 42 d, and AID of fat at 21 d, with greater effects of enzymes in wheat-based compared with corn-based diets, but significant increments due to enzymes compared with controls in both diet types. Apparent ileal digestibility of fat at 42 d increased with enzyme supplementation compared with the control treatments. The XA and XAP treatments gradually (P < 0.05) increased AID of protein at 21 d, but only XAP increased AID of protein compared with the control at 42 d. Compared with the controls, XA increased AID energy by 52 or 87 kcal, and XAP by 104 or 152 kcal/kg of DM at 21 or 42 d, respectively. The caloric contribution of starch, fat, and protein were affected differentially by base grain and the presence of fibrous ingredients at 21 and 42 d of age.
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The objective of this experiment was to determine the main intestine dimension changes generated by the NSP content of the combined forage and by beta glucanase utilization in concordance with barley and wheat proportion in the structure of the combined forage for broilers. In this viewpoint, we carried out an experiment consisted of 5 experimental variants, as follows: EG1-fed with a combined forage without barley, EG2-fed with a combined forage including 60% barley in its structure in the first and second growth periods as well, EG3-fed with a combined forage similar with the one offered in EG2, but with addition of beta glucanase 75 ppm, EG4-with the enzyme in a quantity of 100 ppm and EG5-50 % of the barley amount was replaced with wheat and we also added beta glucanase 75 ppm. At the end of the experiment, successive to chicken killing, we determined the main changes at intestine dimension level and muscle stomach. By incorporating barley in proportion of 60 % in the combined forage structure, the intestinal dimensions (length, diameter) get changed, and also the width of the muscle stomach. The incorporation of enzymes in the combined forage structure reduces the differences available between the intestinal dimensions in the group fed with enzyme and the one that was not fed with enzyme: there are significant differences (p<0.05) between the length of duodenum, cecum and ileonum of the chickens fed with forage including beta glucanase 75 ppm and the chickens fed with forage including barley without beta glucanase, of up to 20 %. There are also significant differences in the case of the muscle stomach diameter, of up to 25 %.
2010
In plant products such as sorghum and wheat, 50-70% of total phosphorus is bound in the form of phytin-P, which is unavailable to poultry due to the lack of significant endogenous production of the enzyme phytase. As a consequence, nitrogen retention and amino acid utilisation are reduced due to the reduction in protein digestibility. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of a commercial xylanase and phytase alone and in combination on the apparent amino acid digestibility of wheat and sorghum. The experimental diets were fed in mash form to three replicate pens (6 male birds per pen) for 5 days. On day 42, all birds were euthanatised by an intracardial injection of sodium pentabarbitone solution, and the contents of the lower half of the ileum were collected. Amino acid concentration of ileal digesta samples was determined. The enzymes used were: natuphos phytase (5,000 FTU/g), xylanase (55,000 EXU/g) and b-glucanase (1,200 BGU/g) as well as several side- ac...
The effects of restricting enzyme supplementation in wheat-based diets to broilers
Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2012
The performance of broilers fed on xylanase supplemented diets for part or all of the production cycle was evaluated in two experiments. In a preliminary experiment, 1-day-old chicks were fed a wheat-based diet supplemented with a commercial xylanase for the entire duration of the experiment of 28 days, or during the last 21, 14, or 7 days of the trial. In experiment 2, the growth period was extended to 36 days, and birds were fed xylanase supplemented diets for the entire duration of the experiment, or during the last 27, 18, or 9 days of the trial. In both experiments, an additional group was fed a non-supplemented control diet. Xylanase-supplemented broilers outperformed non-supplemented birds. Significant differences in body weight emerged at 21-28 days of age, suggesting that the response to xylanase supplementation occurs primarily during the latter stages of broiler growth. Broilers fed xylanase-supplemented diets for the entire experiment presented similar growth performance, intestinal viscosity, gastrointestinal enzyme activity and organ sizes when compared with birds supplemented with the exogenous xylanase for the last 14 (experiment 1) or the last 18 days (experiment 2) of the trials. Birds exposed to exogenous xylanase for the entire duration of the experiment showed, however, a non-significant trend (P<0.1) towards an improved final body weight and feed conversion ratio. Nevertheless, it appears that an early exposure to the exogenous xylanase is of marginal importance in obtaining a significant response to xylanase supplementation by broilers fed wheat-based diets.
Science & Technologies , 2016
VARIABILITY BETWEEN WHEAT DRY DISTILLERS GRAINS WITH SOLUBLES SAMPLES INFLUENCE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF EXOGENOUS ENZYMES WHEN FED TO BROILER CHICKENS V. Pirgozliev*, I. Whiting*, S. P. Rose*, S. G. Ivanova1, G. Staykova1, A. M. Amerah A study was conducted to investigate the effects of supplementary enzyme on growth performance, N-corrected metabolisable energy (AMEn) and total tract dry matter (DMR) and nitrogen (NR) retention in broilers fed diets containing two different wheat dry distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) samples. A total of 40 male Ross 308 broilers were allocated to 4 dietary treatments in a randomized block design with 5 replicates per treatment, from 7 to 21 d post hatching. The experiment consisted of a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments with 2 DDGS samples at 2 dietary levels (0 or 150 g/kg) and 2 dietary levels of supplementary enzyme (0 or 100 g/tonne, providing 1220 units xylanase and 152 units of β-glucanase /kg diet). Titanium dioxide was included in the diets as an indigestible marker. Growth was measured throughout the experiment and excreta were collected on the last day of the study at 21d age. Feeding DDGS did not influence (P>0.05) AMEn, AMEn intake, DMR and NR. However, enzyme supplementation improved (P<0.05) AMEn, AMEn intake, DMR and NR. There was a DDGS × enzyme interaction (P<0.05) on weight gain, feed conversion and energy conversion ratios, with greater enzyme effect in the DDGS sample that had a higher polysaccharide content. Thus the composition of DDGS should be considered when evaluating the use of fibre degrading enzymes for broiler diets.