Dynamic of Components Leachate from Experimental Fertilizers in Leaching Test (original) (raw)
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Applied Sciences
This study follows a circular economy approach through the preliminary implementation of a coated porous inorganic material (PIM), studied as sustainable controlled release fertilizer, and its application for lettuce Lactuca sativa L. cultivar Chiara growth. The PIM was made of pumice scraps that partially replaced clay as a natural raw material, spent coffee grounds as a porous agent, bovine bone ash and potassium carbonate to provide phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) nutrients, respectively. A coating made with defatted black soldier fly prepupae biomass was used as a nitrogen (N) source. Most of the ingredients used were industrial residues, with the aim of valorizing the raw waste materials present locally. The suitability of PIMs as a fertilizer was investigated with an interdisciplinary approach, which included the first chemical and physical characterization of the material, the evaluation of its antibacterial properties and of its use in horticulture through lettuce growth te...
The Study of Liquid Fertilizer from Ground Coffee
2021
Nowadays, coffee is one of needs among metropolitan people. This lifestyle impact to increasing waste along coffee production, one of them is spent coffee grounds. Spent coffee grounds has toxic properties to the environment such as caffeine, tannins, and polyphenols. While other chemicals contain on spent coffee grounds are 2.28% nitrogen, 0.06% phosphorus, 0.6% potassium, which means has a good impact to the soil. In existing condition, spent coffee grounds is commonly used to, biodiesel and bioethanol or by direct used to the soil. The processing of spent coffee grounds to be liquid organic fertilizer by using bio-activator are considered to substitute the direct used, it will improve the quality of soil. Objectives: The objective of this research is to study of liquid fertilizer from spent coffee grounds, whether comply or not to the standard regulation Ministerial Decree of Agriculture of the Republic of Indonesia Number 261/2019. Method and results: This research use a spent coffee grounds from arabica and robusta coffee and applied 2(two) different dilution by repeated 2x2 on one time by using EM4 as bio-activator. The pH and temperature for 4 experiments measured daily and has an average on 4.8 and 31-degree celcius for 10 days. Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and phosphor measured in the end of experiment has average results on 0.18, 0.17, 0.04, sequentially. Conclusion: The result for chemical parameter; Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and phosphor has not comply to the standard of liquid organic fertilizer by Indonesia Government.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY, 2018
The challenge of many researchers today is sustainable development. So when we talk about food waste management, there are several ways to apply it. One of them is the production of compost fertilizers by home composting as the most sustainable option for managing organic food waste by natural decomposition process at atmospheric pressure and at room temperature. The physical parameters were tested for pH value and the chemical parameters such as organic matter, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium. In this work we have investigated 2 different samples under the name goat manure fertilizer and organic compost. We wanted to compare the quality of those different fertilizers. The experimental results showed that the organic fertilizer contain 1,5 times higher concentration of Phosphorus, comparable concentration of Nitrogen and 1,5 times lower concentration of Potassium than goat manure fertilizer.
Production of suspension fertilizers as a potential way of managing industrial waste
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology, 2007
Research on the possibilities of utilizing several waste substances for the production of suspension fertilizers has been carried out. The substances were: sludge from the ALWERNIA S.A. Chemical Plant-a potential source of phosphorous (~20% by wt. P 2 O 5) and waste sludge from the production of magnesium sulphates and nitrates in the Z³otniki S.A. Chemical Plant-a substance aiding the stability of suspension and magnesite (a source of magnesium). The possibility of chemical activation of clayey minerals through ion exchange was investigated. Na 2 CO 3 was used for this purpose. Fertilizer samples PK and NPK were found to be highly stable (syneresis < 25%). The NPK +3% MgO sample was found to have particularly good properties. The activation of the clayey materials by Na 2 CO 3 resulted in an increase in the stability coefficient in the case of bentonite SN and clay TIK by 0.88964 and 0.516304, respectively.
Prospects for processing wastes into products used in agriculture*
The authors have proposed their own newly developed universal procedure for assessing waste and selecting methods of processing the waste for agricultural purposes. Increasingly more rigorous environmental legal regulations, especially pertaining to sustainability in agricultural and chemical production, were the most convincing motivation for such approach. The procedure is based on technological and environmental safety criteria. Special attention is devoted to the chemical processing of hazardous wastes into fertilizer products and the underlying reasons for such methodology. As opposed to physical and biochemical processes, in chemical processes the agents used completely change the chemical structure of the waste materials or at least that of some of their components. As a result, new phases are formed and the harmful properties of the initial material are eliminated. Prospects for the chemical processing of hazardous wastes are demonstrated using as an example the utilization of asbestos wastes. There are vast amounts of asbestos materials installed in industrial, communal, and service facilities. Landfill asbestos waste disposal is the common practice, but this does not solve properly the problem of environmental hazard. The proposed utilization concept consists in destroying asbestos with a phosphoric acid solution in a two-stage process. The obtained suspension is then filtered, and the solution of phosphates containing an excess of phosphoric acid is subsequently neutralized with lime and processed into phosphate fertilizers of TSP (triple superphosphate) or DCP (dicalcium phosphate) type. Experiments showed that the process yielded asbestos-free products which did not contain any respirable fibers. Comparative immunological tests showed that the products did not cause any degeneration of human lung cells exposed to them, as opposed to the original asbestos, which had a highly damaging effect on the cells.
Organic residues are an important factor that directly affects fruiting tree seedlings' health at earlier stages. It provides a suitable environment for seedling growth by providing better nutrient ions, water, and aeration. However, low organic contents and high shrinkage of most organic materials mostly deteriorate ideal potting media characteristics. Low aeration, high water, and nutrients leaching decrease seedling growth and cause a significant loss of valuable resources. That is why the current study was conducted to screen out the best indigenous materials based on particle size to produce good characteristics bearing potting media. For that, eight different ingredients, i.e., ''sugarcane", ''coconut coir", ''wheat straw", ''rice straw", ''corn cob", ''leaf litter", ''farmyard manure", and ''sunflower heads" were collected. Initially, all the materials were air-dried and processes as per requirement. After grinding, three particles size (fine = < 2 mm, medium = 3 mm and coarse = 5 mm) were separated by sieving. Results showed that decreasing particle size in ''rice straw", ''corn cob", ''farmyard manure," and ''sunflower head" decreased leachate pH. Higher EC in leachates was negatively correlated with particle size in all potting media ingredients. Except for farmyard manure, fine particle size increases the water-holding ability of potting media ingredients. However, air-filled porosity was associated with a decrease in particle size of potting media in gradients. In conclusion, farmyard manure, ''sunflower heads", ''leaf litter" and ''sugarcane" should be incorporated while making a combination for potting media. More investigations are suggested by mixing different particle size ingredients to prepare potting media.
Journal of Ecological Engineering, 2019
produced in large quantities because of the considerable coffee consumption. The annual coffee consumption in Poland is constantly increasing and today it amounts to 3 kg/person. However, this number, is a few times smaller than in the Scandinavian countries, where the consumption reaches up to 12 kg/person/a (Ciesielczuk et al. 2015). In households, these wastes are discarded to containers with mixed wastes or directed to the containers with biodegradable fraction. Extracted coffee (CSG) contains a wide range of valuable organic compounds, including for example tannin, cellulose, hemicelluloses, polyphenols and organic acids; therefore, it is often used for