Lecturers’ Politeness Strategies and Students’ Compliance in English for Foreign Language (Efl) Class (original) (raw)
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This research discusses politeness strategies in illocutions uttered by the lecturers. The reason is that the researcher wants to find out how to teach well by using politeness strategies in order to save the hearer's face or respect another person's self-image when the conversation is going. The objective of this research is to find out the used of politeness strategies in lecturers' illocution in teaching English at the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education at Lambung Mangkurat University. This research used a descriptive qualitative method. The subjects of this research were three lecturers of English department in teaching English for non-English department students. The instrument used was a human instrument supported by observation sheet, recorder, and interview sheet. Findings of the research show that the researcher found the illocution consistently used in pre-activity was directive with politeness strategies: notice to the hearer, include both speaker and hearer inactivity and assume or assert reciprocity. In while-activity, the researcher found the illocution consistently used was representative with politeness strategies: notice attends to the hearer, seek agreement, and give gifts to the hearer. In post-activity, the researcher found the illocution consistently used was expressive with politeness strategies: notice attends to the hearer and gives gifts to the hearer. It means that politeness strategies in illocutions can be found in the lecturers' utterance in every activity of the teaching and learning process.
IREELL: Indonesian Review of English Education, Linguistics, and Literature
Politeness is a vital component in communication as it assists in preventing misunderstandings, reducing conflict, and building harmony between interlocutors, such as communication between the educator and learners in the educational setting. This descriptive qualitative study attempts to explore the types and preferred politeness techniques employed by both educators and learners in an English class. An English teacher and 40 students of class 7 G SMPN 1 Mojo Kediri were the participants of this research. The research's primary instrument was an observation by video recording and documentation, which was afterward examined by the researchers through data reduction, display of data, conclusion drawing, and triangular validation. The data was evaluated employing Leech's politeness theory, involving the following maxims: tact maxim, generosity maxim, approbation maxim, modesty maxim, agreement maxim, and sympathy maxim. The findings revealed that the instructor employed all si...
Pragmatic Politeness of the Imperative Speech Used by the Elementary School Language Teachers
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As a means of communication, the politeness aspect of language always comes together with interpersonal communication. People can reflect politeness in communication activities through their verbal language. This research aims to analyze and describe the elementary school language teachers' imperative speech focusing on the form, meaning, and imperative pragmatic politeness. This study is descriptive qualitative research. The data were teachers' speeches during the teaching-learning process. The data were collected by using the observation method with observing, recording, and note-taking techniques. The imperative pragmatic meaning of the prohibition and interrogative speech describes the pragmatic meaning of imperative commands widely used by SD Integral Lukman al-Hakim Sumenep language teachers. Meanwhile, according to Leech's politeness principles, the teachers use six maxims categories; tact maxim, generosity maxim, approbation maxim, modesty maxim, agreement maxim,...
2013
The objectives of this research are to find out: 1) the politeness strategies of request used by Indonesian and Libyan students in the given situations, 2) the politeness strategies of request mostly used by Indonesian and Libyan students in the given situations, and 3) the factors that influence the use of the strategies by Indonesian and Libyan students in the given situations. This research is a descriptive qualitative research using Oral Discourse Completion Test (DCT), also known as closed role play. Oral DCT is the typical instrument used in pragmatics and was originally developed for comparing the speech act realization patterns of native speakers and learners (Blum-Kulka, 1982). Each of the eight controlled scenarios in the Oral DCT used in this study varies according to power and social distance. The results of this research show: first, that the subjects utilized certain strategies which contained politeness values. Some of the nine strategies were found in their requests....
Pragmatics has been a great deal of interests ‘politeness’ or politeness theory is part of pragmatics in the past twenty-five years (Thomas: 1995). Much has been written, theories and paradigm have emerged. People are using the same utterance for initiating many contexts in conversation, and are talking with different definition of politeness in very different ways. People interact each other with various ways of interaction and politeness to social distance and closeness. Yule (1996: 59) people communicate to the social distance and power have external factors which involve the relative status of participants. Power and age are the relative status of the participants which support the action of interaction. Yule (1996: 60) explained type of factors which influence what we say and how we interpreted externally and internally. The action of communication involves people to persuade or give information and request in different way of politeness. There are no fix theories which explain politeness, as an idea of polite social behavior, because every country has different culture and behavior. This thesis concerned in politeness strategies in English for young learners’ request in bilingual school Cirebon. This thesis explains the realization of second language acquisition in bilingual school and daily interaction between teachers and students. Kindergarten students in bilingual school were as a focus of the study which was being explanation of linguistics acquisition in English for young learners’ request. Much studies had been done by linguists to find the answer of linguistics acquisition in children’ language acquisition. Such as, the study from Bates (1976), Zaslow (1981), Wolfson and Judd (1983) who concerned on request, speech act and the acquisition of politeness formulae and strategies (Brown and Levinson, 1987: 36-37). This study investigated students’ behavior to acquire politeness formulae through bilingual system with teachers who give initiating in English as second language. There are some utterances in this study which show turn-taking system of conversations which are invested with meaning by the users. The users are teachers and students in bilingual system with different power, age, and personality who was observed in this thesis.
Requesting and Refusing Politeness Expression Teacher’s Instruction in Teaching Learning Process
SALTeL Journal (Southeast Asia Language Teaching and Learning)
This research conducted to describe the request and refusal polite expression when teacher instruct students. The writer has chosen English teacher and the object is 1 teacher. The writer joins in the class and records the activities when teachers teach students. The data analyzed by using qualitative method. The types of politeness are based on the Brown and Levinson’s theory about politeness strategy that should people use when they instruct others. There are 24 male students and 30 female students who are follow this research. The research instrument to collect the data is through observation the conversation during learning and teaching process. All the utterances relate to politeness strategy produced by the students and teacher write down and 2 conversations are chose to be analyzed based on politeness strategies The result of this research shows that there are three types of instructional activities; motivating students (1 expression), informing students of objective (1 exp...
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Recent years have witnessed the rise in the number of English learners with the sole aim of communicative English, which led to the bloom of English communicative programs and communicative English centers in Hanoi. Since there are many centers, the quality of teachers in the centers is questioned. In particular, incidents about teachers’ manners and attitude in the classroom has been a widely discussed topic, ever since the news about a teacher calling her students names. To give an insight in to teachers’ language in the classroom, specifically politeness, this research particularly focuses on the use of politeness strategies by teachers in a communicative English center. This aims to look at whether the teachers are aware of pragmatics knowledge of politeness, and the actual use of politeness strategies they used in the classroom, which shows the quality of English education in the center. The study used a mix of qualitative and quantitative approach, in which semi-constructed in...
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The objectives of this research were to find out the kinds of polite expressions used by teachers in teaching English in the classroom and effects of polite expressions used by teachers to students. The researcher applied descriptive qualitative research and used purposive sampling in getting the data. The subject of this research was one English teacher of SMP 24 Makassar. The researcher did classroom observation by recording the teacher’s activities and analyzed it through Brown and Levinson’s theory of politeness strategies. The researcher found that some polite expressions of strategies that the teacher used is divided into two types. First, Positive Politeness (PP) such as greetings, notice and attend the hearer, exaggerate, intensify interest of hearer, use in-group identity makers, seeking agreement, presuppose/ raise/ assert common ground, include both speaker and hearer in the activity, giving or asking reasons, assum...
2022
The purpose of this study is to investigate the types of politeness and impoliteness used by Lecturer and Students in English Education Classroom. This study employed textual analysis design. This analysis applied Brown and Levison (1987) and Culpeper (1996). The sources of data were taken from 70 utterances which spoken by lecturer and students in classroom interaction at STKIP Budidaya Binjai. The findings revealed that there are four types of politeness strategies used by Lecturer and Students in classroom interaction. The Lecturer and Students used 30 Bald on Record, 8 Negative Politeness, 13 Positive Politeness and 7 Off Record. The findings also described that there are two types of impoliteness strategies used by Lecturer and Students in classroom interaction. The Lecturer and Students used 11 Positive Impoliteness, and 1 Negative Impoliteness.