Preferences, Interests, and Regional Integration: The Development of the ASEAN Industrial Cooperation Arrangement (original) (raw)

Regional Integration and Benefits from Foreign Direct Investment in ASEAN Economies: The Case of Viet Nam

2004

In recent years Viet Nam has been pursuing the twin goals of promoting inward foreign direct investment (FDI) and regional development in the context of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). The paper surveys transnational corporations (TNCs) with operations in ASEAN, and finds that Viet Nam has now largely achieved its initial objective of being a major FDI recipient. The regional aspect is especially manifest in consumer electronics, although most subsidiaries in Viet Nam still perform assembly- type operations oriented toward the local market. This has to change if Viet Nam is to maintain its development momentum. Under the threat of international competition and in order to maximize the dynamic gains from FDI, Viet Nam has to reorient its policies and emphasize a shift toward targeting efficiency-seeking investments and developing more advanced links with TNC regional and global value chains. This new approach would benefit from a full-scale development of the ASEA...

RESEARCH NOTES ASEAN's Bilateral Preferential Trade and Economic Cooperation Agreements Implications for Asian Economic Integration

The phenomenon of proliferation of preferential trade agreements, bilaterally and regionally, was particularly more pronounced both in the aftermath of the regional financial and economic crisis that affected East Asia in 1997-98 and in the inability of the WTO to yield any substantial outcome to improve growth prospects of the Asian economies. This paper analyses the implications of ASEAN's ongoing FTAs and examines its role in fostering deeper economic integration within ASEAN and in Asia. It analyses the evolution and characteristics of FTA proliferation in ASEAN, identifying major trends. The paper argues that in their present state, if not properly designed and managed, there are valid concerns that these FTAs could end up becoming a stumbling block towards integration efforts. Implementation integrity among FTA members therefore remains a key to its success, and empirical and policy research needs to be much more forthcoming in this area in order to fully understand the economic ramifications of these FTAs.

Regional integration and business interest: understanding the role of the ASEAN business advisory council

Asian Journal of Political Science , 2022

This article examines the role of the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) Business Advisory Council (ASEAN-BAC) as a region-wide business representative in strengthening the implementation of ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) 2025. Despite the importance of ASEAN-BAC in regional governance, there is a dearth of literature that systematically discusses ASEAN-BAC and how it contributes to the process. To further understand the Council's role, we interrogate official documents and reports as well as conduct interviews with officials involved with ASEAN-BAC activities. In this article, we argue that ASEAN-BAC contributes to raising the private sector's concerns in regional processes through numerous platforms that engage ASEAN policymakers nationally and regionally. However, given its structure as a regional network, ASEAN-BAC suffers from internal incoherence in voicing its interest, given the different economic agendas of its members. Such internal incoherence reiterates the conceptualization of ASEAN regional economic integration as a fragmented regionalization.

The integraton by trade and FDI of emerging economies: The ASEAN example*

2015

The paper investigates the role of regionalization and regional identity in the endeavours of emerging economies to connect successfully to the global world economy. It addresses the question of whether the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), with its loose institutional integration framework, has contributed to the global integration of its very heterogenous members in the first decade of the 21st century – and, if so, what are the drivers behind this. The paper summarizes connecting theories, using a multidisciplinary approach, and uses descriptive statistical analysis to identify the achievements of the ASEAN-6 countries within global trade and foreign direct invesment (FDI) flows in the given time period. We suggest that ASEAN countries, with their efforts to initiate interconnecting regional organizations in Asia, most specifically the ASEAN+3 (APT) construction, did contribute to greater integratedness of member countries; and they have created a regional image wit...

The New Regionalism in Southeast Asian Trade Policy and Issues in Market Access and Industrial Development: An Analysis of the ASEAN-China Free Trade Agreement

This paper argues that the recent bilateral free trade initiatives of ASEAN members and, in particular, the ASEAN-China free trade agreement (ACFTA), are driven by ASEAN's desire to maintain its export growth based on the regional production networks promoted by multinational corporations. The paper undertakes an empirical analysis of ASEAN-China bilateral trade and the tariff preferences under the ACFTA to understand the actual prospects for Southeast Asian countries to expand their market access. It is concluded that without effective strategies for industrial upgradation and restructuring at the national levels, ASEAN's attempts to obtain increased investment and export market access based on FTAs will fail to be effective.

Theorizing ASEAN Integration

This article proposes a theory that the strategic preferences of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) members should be a key variable in explaining the ASEAN integration process over the last four decades. ASEAN integration will not progress as rapidly and substantially as many of its leaders claim unless there are re­ markable developments in factors that affect the underlying pref­ erences of ASEAN states, such as a significant increase in intra­ ASEAN trade and investment. a much stronger pressure from do­ mestic businesses for deeper integration or external shocks that threaten the region's economic growth. While the progressive path of European integration illustrates that an independent and strong supranational institution is necessary to handle the complex processes of regional integration the strategic-preference theory of ASEAN integration presented here predicts that this will not be the top policy priority of its leaders in the near future.

The ASEAN Economic Community: An Economic and Strategic Project

The ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) is both an economic and strategic initiative. As an economic project, the AEC is expected to achieve its objective of a single market by end-2015. Although ASEAN has achieved 82.1 per cent of its targets, it has not yet reached its end-goal since both border and beyond-the-border restrictions continue to prevail in the region. The elimination of such restrictions is likely to be the most important task if ASEAN intends to move towards a single market space in the future. As a strategic project, the AEC is conceived to help member states pursue their national interests. Economic cohesion is expected to help the 10 small economies during times of economic vulnerabilities, to deliver on a bigger market space of 600 million people to attract FDI, and to play the role of a ‘hub’ in the larger Asian region. In addition, economic coherence is likely to strengthen the member states’ bargaining power in the WTO and in their collective negotiating position for FTAs and other strategic matters. The AEC’s achievement as a strategic project can be observed in ASEAN states’ increasing level of FDI; cooperative stance during the 2008 crisis; positive behaviour in dealing with the international community; and increasing belief in maintaining centrality. Going forward, the AEC process will continue, not just for its economic benefits of lowering trade and investment costs in the region, but also for managing ongoing economic and geopolitical uncertainties.