Parasite ecology of Carassius gibelio (Bloch, 1782) in Jandari Lake (Georgia) (original) (raw)
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The aim of this study was to detect the occurrence of parasites in Prussian carp, Carassius gibelio as the most important alien fish in Anzali international wetland. This undesirable fish was introduced accidentally to Iran with Chinese carp fries which imported to the country during the last decades and then acceded to Anzali wetland. Today this fish has significant stocks in Anzali wetland; but there have been limited studies about the parasites of this fish in Anzali wetland. During this study a total of 90 Prussian carp were collected by electrofishing and gillnets from April through July 2012. After recording biometric characteristics, common necropsy and parasitology methods were used. A total of 2715 individuals out of 11 parasite species were recovered. Parasitofauna consisted of: two protozoans, Ichthyophthirius multifiliis and Trichodina sp.; one nematode, Raphidascaris acus; one trematode, Diplostomum spathaceum; six monogeneans, Dactylogyrus formosus, Dactylogyrus dulkeiti, Dactylogyrus baueri, Dactylogyrus arquatus, Dactylogyrus inexpectatus and Gyrodactylus kobayashii; and one crustacean, copepodid stage of Lernaea cyprinacea. The monogeneans had the highest prevalence values (88.89%). The occurrence of D. inexpectatus in C. gibelio is reported for the first time in Iran.
Metazoan parasites of fish species from Lake Gala (Edirne, Turkey)
Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 2014
A total of 366 specimens of 10 fish species inhabiting Lake Sığırcı were examined between April 2009 and February 2010. Inside or outside of these fish, 33 parasite species were identified. From these parasites, 18 monogenean, 5 digenean trematode, 3 cestode, 3 acanthocephalan, 3 nematode, and 1 Mollusca: Bivalvia (glochidia) species were recorded. Diplostomum spp., Tylodelphys clavata, glochidia-larvae, and monogenean species were found to be common parasites in all the fish species examined. The highest prevalence and mean infection intensity with Diplostomum spp. were found in Lepomis gibbosus (prevalence 91.6%, mean intensity 5.6 individuals per fish) and in Scardinius erythrophthalmus (prevalence 88.0%, mean intensity 73.0 individuals); Tylodelphys clavata occurred with the highest prevalence (98.2%) and mean infection intensity (181.3 individuals) in Perca fluviatilis. Carassius gibelio exhibited rich monogenean biodiversity, with 6 species.
2020
Over the years, fish cage culture system has become one of the economically viable methods of large-scale production of high-value food fishes. Although, cage farming has many economic advantages, diseases are one of the major limiting factors to the successful production. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of parasite fauna in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L. 1758) from fish cage farms on Tikvesh reservoir (N. Macedonia). A total of 206 specimens of common carp from this fish cage farms were examined for parasitological investigations. Infestation with parasite was determined in 121 specimens (58.74 %). In common carp from this reservoir, the presence of 5 parasite species was established: Trichodina sp., Dactylogyrus extensus, Eudiplozoon nipponicum, Bothriocephalus opsariichthydis and Ergasilus sieboldi. In confined conditions such as cages where the stocking density is very high and the resultant stress might act as conductive factor for pathogens to cause diseas...
2007
An experiment was carried out on the distribution, prevalence and intensity of infestation of protozoan and monogenean parasites of carp fingerlings in two selected areas of Bangladesh. Six hundred and forty fingerlings of seven species viz. Catla calla, Hypophthalmicthys molitrix, Labeo rohita, Ctenophalyngodon idella, Cyprinus carpio, Barbodes gonionotus and Cirrhinus cirrhosus from different nursery ponds of Shambhuganj, Mymensingh, and Santaher, Bogra were examined during this investigation. This study revealed that carp fingerlings carried a large number of protozoan and monogenean parasites. Different protozoan parasites viz Trichodina domerguei, Trichodina reticulata, Myxobolus koi, Chilodonella cyprini and monogenean parasites such as Dactylogyrus extensus, Dactylogyrus catlarius and Dactylogyroides tripathi were identified in the experimental fishes throughout the study period. It has been observed that distribution, prevalence and intensity of parasite in carp fingerlings ...
Notulae Scientia Biologicae
A total of 117 fish specimens were examined. The infestation prevalence and mean intensity levels for G. katharineri was 37.61%, respectivly 27.75±2.203 and for D. anchoratus was 24.78%, 4.69±1.730 per fish, respectively. The infestation prevalence and mean intensity levels were higher during spring and sumer, for the both parasites. No statistically significant preference for either sex of the fish was determined. In this study, we examined a total of 117 fish, out of which 44 (38%) were infested by 1221 G. katharineri, and 29 (25%) infested by a total of 136 D. anchoratus.
Croatian Journal of Fisheries
In this survey 109 specimens of goldfish (Carassius auratus) were collected from Guilan fish ponds during 2012-13. After recording biometric characteristics, common parasitology methods were used. In the present study 11 parasite species were recovered from goldfish. Parasitofauna consisted of two protozoans: Ichthyophthirius multifiliis and Trichodina sp.; one digenean trematodes: Diplostomum spathaceum; six monogenean trematodes: Dactylogyrus vastator, Dactylogyrus formosus, Dactylogyrus baueri, Dactylogyrus anchoratus and Gyrodactylus sp.; one crustacean: copepodid stage of Lernaea cyprinacea and one nematodes larvae. All the monogeneans found during the current study are considered new locality records for goldfish in Guilan province, Iran. Mean intensity of infection and abundances of parasite species (with prevalences >10%) among seasons were tested by the Kruskal-Wallis test (KW, multiple comparisons) and Conover-Inman test. Results have shown that monogeneans had the high...
Thirty-six specimens of Carassius gibelio from the Srebarna Biosphere Reserve were examined for helminth parasites during the period May-June 2004. The fishes were collected by fishing-nets at six localities at the Srebarna Lake and examined for presence of parasites. Two trematode species (Posthodiplostomum cuticola and Diplostomum rutili) and two nematode species (Contracaecum microcephalum and Raphidascaris acus) were recovered and the parameters of the infection of C. gibelio were estimated on the basis of the prevalence and mean abundance. D. rutili, R. acus and C. microcephalum are reported for the first time for the fish helminth fauna of the Srebarna Lake. Together with P. cuticola, the four species represent new host records for the Prussian Carp from Bulgaria.
Parasite Diversity in a Freshwater Ecosystem
Microorganisms
Parasites are a significant component of biodiversity. They negatively affect fish appearance, growth, and reproduction. In this study, the prevalence of infection, diversity, and mean intensity of parasites were examined in 9 freshwater fish species (45 samples per fish species). Ecto-parasites were examined on the skin, gills, and fins with a hand lens. Wet mounts were prepared using mucosal scrapings from all the external and internal organs of the sampled fish. Microscopy, muscle compression, and the pepsin-HCL artificial digestion technique were also performed. In this study, 26 species of parasites were identified including three taxa belonging to 9 species of protozoan parasites, 11 treamtodes, and 6 monogenean parasites. The identified protozoan parasites were Entamoeba histolitica, Chilodonella sp., Coccidia sp., Costia sp., Cryptobia sp., Ichthyopthiris-multifilis, Microsporidia, Piscinoodinium sp., and Ichthyobodo necator. The identified trematode parasites were Fasciola ...
Protozoan parasites of freshwater ornamental fish
Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research, 2017
The ornamental fish aquaculture represents a consolidated market worldwide. In Brazil, the major volume of commercialized freshwater ornamental fish is originated from fish farms managed by small and midsized farmers. The aim of this study was to characterize the metazoan parasitic fauna associated with the main freshwater ornamental fish farmed in Southern Brazil. Between July 2014 and January 2015, 423 fishes belonging to nine freshwater species were examined: angelfish Pterophylum scalare, siamese fighting fish Betta splendens, telescope and comet goldfish Carassius auratus, zebrafish Danio rerio, blood red swordtail Xiphophorus helleri, caramel and wagtail platy fish Xiphophorus maculatus, black molly Poecilia sphenops, white cloud mountain minnow Tanichthys albonubes and goldfinned barb Puntius sachsii. Water quality was measured in fishponds from each facility. Specimens were obtained from three ornamental fish farms located in three micro-regions in the State of Santa Catarina (Biguaçu, Camboriú e Joinville). Parasitological indexes were obtained after parasitological analysis of mucus, gills, and eyes. Trichodinids, Piscinoodinium pillulare, and Ichthyophthirius multifiliis were found in all fish farms analyzed. However, P. pillulare showed the greatest prevalence and mean intensity, compared to the other protozoa analyzed. 75% prevalence and mean intensity 57.5 were observed in the gills of P. scalare from fish farm Araquari. This study showed that fish farm Biguaçu, was the facility presenting the greatest parasite diversity. P. scalare and C. auratus were the most parasitized fish species presenting the higher richness when compared to another species. These ornamental species are widely traded and require greater care in cultivation because it is essential to produce healthy fish with attractive features accepted by the market.
A Preliminary Study on Prevalence of Parasites in Ornamental Fish, Carassius auratus (Gold Fish
Ornamental fishes usually mean attractive colorful fishes of various characteristics that are kept as pets in confined space of an aquarium or a garden pool for fun and fancy. In India, about 600 fresh water and marine ornamental fishes are available, which have been identified with ornamental value. However, the success of ornamental fish culture or breeding depends on the good health status of the candidate species, failure to which cause a huge loss of socked fish. Among various diseases parasitic infection is one of the most common causes of depletion of ornamental fishes and has become a threat to fresh water ornamental fish industries throughout the world in the last decade. In this connection, the present study aimed to find out the variety of parasites present in different body parts of ornamental fishes collected at random from different local fish markets in Kolkata, West Bengal, India and also to calculate the intensity, abundance and density of different parasites. The results revealed high prevalence of parasitic infection on the most common and economically important ornamental fish, gold fish (Carassius auratus). Further results demonstrated that gold fishes were vulnerable to nine protozoan and two helminthic groups of parasites. Among them, protozoans were most susceptible to gills, skin and gut. High intensity, relative abundance and density of infection were noticed for Cryptobia sp. and Trichodina sp. Other ciliates and helminth parasites manifested moderatedegree of infection. Moreover, comparing the health and water quality it can be said that temperature and poor water quality are the limiting factor for spreading of disease to these delicate ornamental fish. 1. Introduction Ornamental fish or living jewels became largest hobby worldwide due to their attractive colourful shape, generally tiny size, peaceful behaviour and ability to be accommodated in confined spaces. In recent past, 20 th century onwards, aquarium keeping and rearing of ornamental fish got worldwide recognition [1, 2]. However, in present days this technique had developed in to an extensive and global component of international trade worth millions of dollars. Considering the diversity of ornamental fishes, India is not much behind from the other countries. A variety of fresh water and marine ornamental fishes are available of which about 600 species had been identified as potential fishes with ornamental value. In India, the culture of ornamental fish for the aquaria is a good economic activity which has not so far been popularized yet. Since, ornamental fish trade plays an important role for socioeconomic upliftment of the farmers and also a very profitable economic activity, the trade deserves scientific study and development [3]. Nevertheless, the success of ornamental fish culture or breeding depends on the health status of the candidate species. In spite of being a lucrative business, the ornamental fish culture in India is experiencing huge loss due to invasion of parasitic organisms [4]. Parasitism is one of the most impacting problems with predominant signs of weight loss, disruption of reproduction or impotency, blindness, abnormal behavior, epithelial lesions, deformities of gills and other symptoms that result in economic loss in ornamental fish industry [5]. Since, some of the districts in West Bengal played pioneer role in aquarium fish production in the country, the business in the state is not exempted from this serious problem. Therefore, eradication parasitic infection is necessary for running this trade commercially and successfully. Scanty informations are available from number of discrete studies around the world that protozoan, helminth and crustacean parasites cause severe diseases to the fishes [6]. Infections are evident in the skin and gill causing loss of mucus and hemorrhage at the base of the dorsal, pectoral and caudal fin [7]. A review work from European countries revealed that while, the protozoan ectoparasites like Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, Ichthyobodo necatrix, Chilodonella cyprini, Oodinium limneticum, Trichodinids were found to infect the ornamental fishes of European countries; external worms Dactylogyrus extensus, Gyrodactylus bullutarudis; and crustaceans (parasitic copepods, Argulus japonicus, Argulus foliaceus, Lernaea cyprinacea) were the most common external arthropod parasites of aquarium fishes [8]. A number of studies were undertaken for identification of external parasites in some ornamental fish [9-11], Eimeria spp. Cryptosporidium spp in Iran. However, Tetrahymena corlissi, Thecamoeba spp., Giardia spp., Myxobolus spp. and two metazoan parasites consisting of Nematoda spp. and Benedenia monticelli were identified as endo-parasites from a histopathological study conducted in Iranian freshwater ornamental fishes. Moreover, heavy mortality in major carp fry and fingerling due to ciliate ectoparasites like Trichodina sp., Ichthyopthirius sp., Chilodonella sp. and fluke like Dactylogyrus sp. was reported in freash water fish of Srilanka during nursery operation [12]. In India, due to parasitic infestation with Trichodina sp., Myxobolus sp, and Dactylogyrus sp. mortality of fish was observed from the nursery pond [13]. Another comprehensive icthyoparasotological survey in some ornamental fish farms of different parts of India, had demonstrated prevalence of three trichodinid parasites from the gills of Oranda Gold Fish (Carassius auratus auratus L.) of which Trichodina sp. were the most prevalent parasite which infects the fish during the post-monsoon season. Another recent study had revealed intensified occurrence of morphological lesions in the gill, skin, and fin of goldfish exposed to myxsporiansis leading to respiratory insufficiency and caused mass mortality in severe cases of infected fish [3]. However, to our knowledge, no detailed study was undertaken to unearth the diversity of ecto-and endo-parasites in host specific manner. Therefore, the present study aimed to the present study aimed to find out the diversity of parasites present in different body parts of ornamental fishes collected at random from different local fish markets in Kolkata, West Bengal, India and also to calculate the intensity, abundance and density of different parasites.