Analysis of the effectiveness of transepithelial crosslinking in patients with keratoconus (original) (raw)
Related papers
Eye and Vision, 2021
Purpose To assess clinical results of the 9 mW/5.4 J/cm2 accelerated crosslinking (ACXL) in the treatment of progressive keratoconus (KC) over a span of 5 years. Methods The prospective open non-randomized interventional study (Siena Eye-Cross Study 2) included 156 eyes of 112 patients with early progressive KC undergoing the Epi-Off 9 mW/5.4 J/cm2 ACXL at the Siena Crosslinking Centre, Italy. The mean age was 18.05 ± 5.6 years. The 20-min treatments were performed using the New KXL I (Avedro, Waltham, USA), 10 min of 0.1% HPMC Riboflavin soaking (VibeX Rapid, Avedro, Waltham, USA) and 10 min of continuous-light UV-A irradiation. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), Kmax, coma, minimum corneal thickness (MCT), surface asymmetry index (SAI), endothelial cell count (ECC) were measured, and corneal OCT performed. Results UDVA and CDVA improved significantly at the 3rd (P = 0.028), Δ + 0.17 Snellen lines and 6th postoperative month, respect...
Pakistan journal of medical sciences
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of transepithelial corneal collagen cross linking (TE-CXL) with modified riboflavin and accelerated UVA irradiance in thin corneas with pachymetry less than 400 microns at thinnest point, untreatable by epithelium off corneal collagen cross linking (CXL) in adult Pakistani population with progressive keratoconus. This quasi experimental study included twenty six eyes of 26 patients with progressive keratoconus who underwent accelerated transepithelial CXL in Armed forced institute of ophthalmology with 12 months follow up. Modified riboflavin, ParaCel ((riboflavin 0.25%, Benzalkonium chloride, EDTA, Trometamol, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose) and vibeX Xtra (riboflavin 0.25%) (Avedro, USA)) were applied to cornea in two stages. Uncorrected and Corrected Distant Visual Acuities (UDVA, CDVA), spherical equivalent (SE), astigmatism, pachymetry at thinnest point (Pachy thin), apex keratometry (Kmax), simulated and steep ke...
Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology
Importance: Keratoconus is a debilitating condition with a disproportionately high impact on health resources and vision-specific quality of life. Background: This study aimed to compare 2-year outcomes of epithelium-off pulsed (p-ACXL) and epithelium-off continuous (c-ACXL) accelerated corneal crosslinking in progressive keratoconus. Design: Prospective, interventional case series. Participants: Eighty eyes of 80 patients were included. Methods: The visual, refractive and tomographic results of the two crosslinking protocols were compared. Main Outcome Measures: Uncorrected distance visual acuity, corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), manifest refraction spherical equivalent (MRSE) and maximum keratometry (K MAX) on corneal tomography assessment. Results: The mean patient age was 22.51 ± 6.12 years (SD) and 22.08 ± 5.72 years in the p-ACXL and c-ACXL groups, respectively. The mean CDVA significantly improved from 0.30 ± 0.16 logMAR at baseline to 0.23 ± 0.17 logMAR at 24 months (P = .04) in the p-ACXL group and from 0.36 ± 0.22 logMAR to 0.26 ± 0.27 logMAR (P = .02) in the c-ACXL group. The mean induced change in MRSE (+1.79 ± 2.30 D vs +0.27 ± 3.19 D, P = .04) and K MAX (−1.75 ± 1.80 D vs −0.39 ± 1.95 D, P = .04) were superior in the c-ACXL group compared to the p-ACXL group at 24 months. No complications were encountered. Conclusions and Relevance: In this prospective study, both p-ACXL and c-ACXL treatments were safe methods to halt the progression of keratoconus within a follow-up period of 24 months. c-ACXL appeared to offer superior refractive and tomographic outcomes when compared to p-ACXL but this did not translate into better visual outcomes.
Journal of Ophthalmology
Purpose. To report predictive factors of outcome of conventional epithelium-off corneal crosslinking (CXL) in the treatment of progressive keratoconus. Methods. This is a monocentric observational retrospective study conducted at Eye and Ear International Hospital, Lebanon. All patients with progressive keratoconus who underwent CXL between January 2008 and January 2016, with minimal 3-years follow-up were included. Primary treatment outcomes were maximum keratometry (K max), best-corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), and failure. Failure was defined as an increase of 1.00 diopters (D) or more in K max and/or an increase of 0.1 logMAR or more in CDVA and conversion to corneal transplantation. Statistical analysis was done to identify predictors of treatment success. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the correlations between baseline parameters and outcomes, and an equation for predicting K max and CDVA was created. Results. 156 eyes of 102 patients ...
Pakistan Journal of Ophthalmology, 2020
Purpose: To compare the safety and efficacy of Accelerated Corneal Cross Linking (AXL) protocols ,9mW/cm2 for 10 min with 18mW/cm2 for 5 min in terms of refractive and topographic keratometric indices in patients with progressive keratoconus over 3, 6, 12 and 18 months follow-up. Study Design: Quasi experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Ophthalmology Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Nov 2016 to Jun 2018. Material and Methods: Sixty eyes, 30 in each group, of 55 consecutive patients diagnosed with progressive keratoconus were enrolled through convenience sampling and were subjected to AXL with irradiance protocols of 18 watt/cm2 for 5 minutes in group 1 and 9mwatt/cm2 for 10 minutes in group 2. All patients underwent a comprehensive ophthalmic examination at baseline and postoperative follow up visits at 3, 6, 12 and 18 months. Primary outcome parameter was disease stability defined as increase in maximum keratometry over baseline K max of no more th...
Long-term results of accelerated and conventional corneal cross-linking
International Ophthalmology, 2020
The aim of this study is to compare the long-term follow-up outcomes of traditional and accelerated corneal cross-linking (CXL) for keratoconus. Methods This retrospective comparative cohort study included patients with keratoconus who underwent corneal cross-linking (CXL) between August 2008 and December 2016. Patients treated before August 2013 underwent the traditional Dresden protocol, and those treated subsequently received the accelerated protocol, i.e., 0.1% riboflavin soaking for 10 min, followed by pulsed UV-A irradiation at 30 mW/cm 2 for 8 min, and a total irradiation power of 7.2 J/cm 2. The primary outcome was the success rate in halting the disease progression. The postoperative changes in visual acuity, keratometry readings, endothelial cell count and complications following accelerated CXL and conventional CXL were compared. Results This study evaluated 113 eyes over a mean follow-up period of 37.61 ± 16.34 months. It was found that 89.6% and 95.7% of the eyes were successfully treated with the traditional and accelerated protocols, respectively (p = 0.239). The corrected-distance visual acuity improved in both groups, but it was significantly better following the accelerated protocol (p = 0.037). Traditional protocol group had more postoperative complications than the accelerated group (8.9% versus 2%), although not reaching statistically significant difference (p = 0.142). There were no significant differences in the topographic (p = 0.122) and refractive (p = 0.570) outcomes. Conclusion Accelerated CXL and conventional CXL are both safe and effective, and the long-term follow-up showed that the accelerated protocol was similar to the standard one in terms of halting keratoconus and achieving visual outcomes. Because of its potential benefits, the accelerated protocol may be considered for the treatment of progressive keratoconus.
Clinical Ophthalmology, 2014
To evaluate the outcome of collagen cross-linking (CXL) without corneal epithelial debridement in patients treated for progressive keratoconus for whom the standard epitheliumoff treatment cannot be applied, as their central corneal thickness (CCT) is less than 400 µm. Patients and methods: This was a prospective, uncontrolled, interventional study involving 32 eyes of 30 patients with progressive keratoconus and CCT of less than 400 µm. All patients received CXL treatment with application of riboflavin and exposure to ultraviolet light A for 30 minutes without corneal epithelial debridement. Patients were followed up to 12 months postoperatively. The main outcomes were changes in maximum-K reading, manifest refractive spherical equivalent, CCT, and best-corrected visual acuity (logarithm of minimum angle of resolution). Patients were also asked to report any pain or discomfort during the procedure. Results: At the end of the 12-month follow-up, CCT showed no significant change: from 392±5.17 µm preoperatively to 390±4.45 µm (P=0.102). Maximum-K reading decreased significantly, from 49.19±2.30 D preoperatively to 46.96±6.03 D postoperatively (P,0.05). The mean manifest spherical equivalent showed no significant change: from 4.04±1.51 D preoperatively to 4.17±1.63 D postoperatively (P=0.110). Mean best-corrected visual acuity showed no significant change: from 0.29±0.12 preoperatively to 0.31±0.11 postoperatively (P=0.110). Conclusion: Epithelium-on CXL exhibits potential as a method for treating patients with progressive keratoconus and CCT of less than 400 µm, in which the standard epithelium-off CXL cannot be applied. Over 12 months of follow-up, the epithelium-on CXL was safe and effective, with results comparable to that achieved with the epithelium-off technique in thicker corneas, and reduced rates of operative and postoperative discomfort.
Cornea, 2018
To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of combined epithelium-off cross-linking (CXL) with photorefractive keratectomy (CXL Plus) for correction of the myopic and astigmatic components of keratoconus. Seventy-nine eyes of 46 patients who underwent CXL Plus were enrolled in this retrospective, multicenter, noncomparative clinical study. Uncorrected distance visual acuity, corrected distance visual acuity, refraction, keratometry, and pachymetry measurements were recorded preoperatively and at 3, 6, 12, and 18 months during follow-up. The mean (±SD) preoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity and corrected distance visual acuity were 1.00 ± 0.22 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) and 0.62 ± 0.38 logMAR, respectively, and improved to 0.71 ± 0.36 logMAR and 0.32 ± 0.18 logMAR postoperatively. The mean k value, mean corneal thickness at the thinnest location, and mean myopic and astigmatic components decreased from 46.58 ± 0.97 D, 473 ± 29 μm, 3.65 ± 1.72 D, and ...
Acta Ophthalmologica
To compare the safety and efficacy of standard 30 min epithelium-off cross-linking (CXL) versus photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) combined with accelerated epithelium-off cross-linking (AXL) for the treatment of progressive keratoconus (CXL-Plus). Methods: This study was a prospective multicentre comparative clinical study. A total of 125 eyes of 75 patients with grade 1 keratoconus and documented progression were divided into two groups. Group A included 58 eyes treated with standard CXL. Group B included 67 eyes treated with combined PRK and AXL. The recorded data included UDVA, CDVA, subjective and objective refraction, keratometry and pachymetry using corneal topographies preoperatively and postoperatively at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months of follow-up. Results: In group A, at 24 months of UDVA and CDVA were improved from 1.12 AE 0.38 and 0.58 AE 0.42 to 0.66 AE 0.20 and 0.20 AE 0.12 (LogMARAESD). The spherical equivalent was reduced from 4.03 AE 1.18 to 1.78 AE 1.04 D. The cylinder reduction was 0.32 AE 0.19 D. In group B, at 24 months of UDVA and CDVA were improved from 1.26 AE 0.52 and 0.68 AE 0.36 to 0.58 AE 0.28 and 0.20 AE 0.16 (LogMAR AE SD). The spherical equivalent was reduced from 4.23 AE 0.95 to 1.92 AE 0.74 D. The cylinder reduction was AE1.76 D. Conclusion: Surprisingly, standard CXL showed close results to CXL-Plus at the 24th follow-up month. Standard CXL acted as a stabilizing procedure associated with a late myopic component reduction. CXL-Plus acted as a refractive and stabilizing procedure with an early effect on both the myopic and the astigmatic component but no later improvements. Standard CXL seems to be more powerful than AXL in its long-term effect. Therefore, in the future, we want to test the combination of PRK with standard CXL.
BMC ophthalmology, 2015
Corneal cross-linking is widely used to treat keratoconus. However, to date, only limited data from randomized trials support its efficacy. The efficacy and safety of corneal cross-linking for halting progression of keratoconus were investigated in a prospective, randomized, blinded, placebo controlled, multicentre trial. Twenty-nine keratoconus patients were randomized in three trial centres. The mean age at inclusion was 28 years. Longitudinal changes in corneal refraction were assessed by linear regression. The best corrected visual acuity, surface defects and corneal inflammation were also assessed. These data were analysed with a multifactorial linear regression model. A total of 15 eyes were randomized to the treatment and 14 to the control group. Follow-up averaged 1098 days. Corneal refractive power decreased on average (+/-standard deviation) by 0.35 +/- 0.58 dioptres/year in the treatment group. The controls showed an increase of 0.11 +/- 0.61 dioptres/year. This differenc...