Solid Contact Nitrate Ion-Selective Electrode Based on Ionic Liquid with Stable and Reproducible Potential (original) (raw)
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Applications of ionic liquids in electrochemical sensors
Analytica Chimica Acta, 2008
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Recent advances in the use of ionic liquids for electrochemical sensing
Ionic Liquids are salts that are liquid at (or just above) room temperature. They possess several advantageous properties (e.g. high intrinsic conductivity, wide electrochemical windows, low volatility, high thermal stability and good solvating ability), which make them ideal as non-volatile electrolytes in electrochemical sensors. This mini-review article describes the recent uses of ionic liquids in electrochemical sensing applications (covering the last 3 years) in the context of voltammetric sensing at solid/liquid, liquid/liquid interfaces and carbon paste electrodes, as well as their use in gas sensing, ion- selective electrodes, and for detecting biological molecules, explosives and chemical warfare agents. A comment on the future direction and challenges in this field is also presented.
Characterisation and application of carbon film electrodes in room temperature ionic liquid media
Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 2008
Carbon film electrodes have been characterised in the room temperature ionic liquids, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide (BmimNTF 2), 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide, (BpyrNTF 2) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate (BmimNO 3), by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The electrochemical behaviour of the ionic liquids depended on both cation and anion of these electrolytes. Oxygen reduction is clearly visible at carbon film electrodes-after oxygen removal the potential window was wider, that of BpyrNTF 2 being the widest. These room temperature ionic liquids were used in the electrochemical investigation of two ferrocene derivatives, benzoyl-and acetyl-ferrocene, that are both insoluble in water and cannot be investigated in aqueous solutions. They were also applied in the investigation of two sensor and biosensor mediators, copper hexacyanoferrate and poly(neutral red), with a view to using ionic liquids as electrolytes in electrochemical sensing and biosensing systems.
Ionic Liquid based polymer electrolytes for electrochemical sensors
Materials Science, 2015
Amperometric NO2 sensors with a new type of printed solid polymer electrolyte and printed carbon working electrodes were developed. The electrolytes consisted of the ionic liquids 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide [EMIM][N(Tf)2], 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate [BMIM][CF3SO3], and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [EMIM][BF4], which were immobilized in a poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) matrix. The analyte, gaseous nitrogen dioxide, was detected by reduction at-500 mV vs. the platinum pseudoreference electrode. The sensors showed linear behavior over the whole tested range, i.e., 0-5 ppm, and their sensitivities were in the order of hundreds of nanoamperes per one ppm of NO2. The sensor sensitivity was influenced by the electrical conductance of the electrolyte; the higher the conductance, the greater the sensor sensitivity. The rise/recovery times were of the order of tens of seconds. The use of screen printing technology for the preparation of the solid electrolyte and the carbon working electrode simplifies sensor fabrication without a negative effect on sensor performance.
BioNanoScience, 2013
Nanotechnology is playing an important role in the development of biosensors. The exclusive physical and chemical properties of nanomaterials make them exceptionally suitable for designing new and improved sensing devices, especially electrochemical sensors and biosensors. Room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) are salts that exist in the liquid phase at and around 298 K and are entirely composed of ions: a bulky, asymmetric organic cation and usually an inorganic anion but some ILs also has organic anion. ILs have received much attention as a replacement for traditional volatile organic solvents as they possess many attractive properties such as intrinsic ion conductivity, low volatility, high chemical and thermal stability, low combustibility, and wide electrochemical windows, etc. Due to negligible or nonzero volatility of these solvents, they are considered "greener" for the environment in comparison to volatile organic compounds. ILs have been widely used in electrodeposition, electrosynthesis, electrocatalysis, electrochemical capacitor, lubricants, plasticizers, solvent, lithium batteries, solvents to manufacture nanomaterials, extraction, gas absorption agents etc. [1-4]. This review discusses the electrochemical sensors and biosensors based on carbon nanotubes, metal oxide nanoparticles, and ionic liquid/composite modified electrodes. The main thrust of the review is to present an overview on the advantages of use of RTILs along with nanomaterials for electrochemical sensors and biosensors. Consequently, recent developments and major strategies for enhancing sensing performance have been thoroughly discussed.
Electroanalysis, 2008
Carbon film electrodes have been characterised in the room temperature ionic liquids, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide (BmimNTF 2), 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide, (BpyrNTF 2) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate (BmimNO 3), by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The electrochemical behaviour of the ionic liquids depended on both cation and anion of these electrolytes. Oxygen reduction is clearly visible at carbon film electrodes-after oxygen removal the potential window was wider, that of BpyrNTF 2 being the widest. These room temperature ionic liquids were used in the electrochemical investigation of two ferrocene derivatives, benzoyl-and acetyl-ferrocene, that are both insoluble in water and cannot be investigated in aqueous solutions. They were also applied in the investigation of two sensor and biosensor mediators, copper hexacyanoferrate and poly(neutral red), with a view to using ionic liquids as electrolytes in electrochemical sensing and biosensing systems.
2022
These days Ionic liquids (ILs) are getting more attention and catching more eyes based on numerous advantages they can offer, including low volatility, excellent thermal and chemical stability, easy handling, remarkable conductivity, and facile design. These riveting materials are formed via asymmetric cations and anions. They can mainly be found in a liquid state where temperatures are below 100 °C. Therefore, due to their unique features, they can be considered a perfect and desirable candidate in several fields, including electrochemical biosensors and detecting agents; they can play their roles as electrolytes. These unique features prompted us to present a precise and short review of the different fabrication methods of Ionic liquids. Herein, after a laconic description of ILs, a diverse range of fabrication methods was investigated, and a succinct description was given in each approach. Furthermore, where needed, some clear illustrations were used to boost apprehend. Perspectives, remarks, and challenges of different fabrication methods have been given, respectively
Platinum electrodeposition in an ionic liquid analogue. solvent stability monitoring
International journal of electrochemical science
The use of ionic liquid analogues as solvents has increased in order to substitute the aqueous solvents in some applications in which the side reactions are undesirable. However these solvents prepared from the mixture in the eutectic proportion of species establishing hydrogen bonds are susceptible of electrochemical reactions. The study of platinum deposition on vitreous carbon in an ionic liquid analogue (2 urea: choline chloride) is presented; the electrochemical study has permitted to interpret the sequence of the metal deposition process and simultaneously to analyze the behavior of the ionic liquid analogue along the process. Reduction reactions of the solvent related both to the electronation of choline and hydrogen formation have been detected. Different substrata have been used in order to test the possibility and the extent of these reactions depending on the nature of material. The results indicate that the feasible electrochemical window of the substrate/solvent is high...