Geospatial approach towards enumerative analysis of suspended sediment concentration for Ganges–Brahmaputra Bay (original) (raw)
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International Journal of Environmental Research, 2013
This study presents an empirical relationship of suspended sediment concentrations (SSCs) in the coastal waters, which is derived from the conventional methods, to radiometer remote sensing reflectance values (Rrs) and satellite data in coastal waters of Kerala. An algorithm is then developed to utilize both in situ SSCs measured from conventional methods and Rrs values. This algorithm is validated with the SSCs retrieved from Oceansat-2 Ocean Colour Monitor (OCM) data. A significant coefficient of determination (R2=0.62) is observed between the SSCs measured in situ and satellite derived SSCs. Reflectance values from more than two spectral wavelength bands are also employed to test the accuracy of results. Satellite derived SSCs range from 1- 40 mg/L in the coastal waters off Cochin, southwest India. The regional algorithm developed for the study area gives better results than Tassan’s algorithm, and this algorithm can be used in estimation of SSC for coastal waters of western India.
Indonesian Journal of Geography
The decrease of coastal-water quality in the Surabaya coastal region can be recognized from the conceentration of Total Suspended Sediment(TSS ) . As a result we need a system for monitoring sediment concentration in the coastal region of Surabaya which regularly measures TSS. The principle to model and monitor TSSconcentration using remote sensing methods is by the integration of Landsat-8OLI satellites image processing using some ofTSS-models then those are analyzed for looking its suitability with TSS value direcly measured in the field ( in-situ measurement). The TSS value modeled from all algorithms validated usingcorrelation analysis and linear regression . The result shows that TSS model with the highest correlation value is TSS algorithm by Budiman (2004)with r value 0.991. Hence this algorithm can be used to investigate TSS-distribution which represent the coastal water quality of Surabaya with TSS value between 75 mg/L to 125 mg/L.
Ocean Science
Studies on suspended sediment concentrations at a seasonal scale play a vital role in understanding coastal hydrodynamic processes in an area. Assessment of spatiotemporal changes in suspended sediments in nearshore areas has gained complexity due to the utilization of conventional methods; this issue can be successfully solved nowadays using multi-temporal remotely sensed images with the help of advanced image processing techniques. The present study is an attempt to demonstrate the model algorithm used to extract suspended sediment concentrations using Landsat 8 OLI (Operational Land Imager) sensor images. The study was executed in a near-offshore area of the Thiruvananthapuram coast, southern India, and focused on the extraction of suspended sediment concentrations and their seasonal variability during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon periods. The OLI images were pre-processed to obtain the actual reflectance using the FLASSH module of the ENVI v5.5 software. The generic model developed herein is designed to compute the spectral reflectance variability between coastal water and suspended sediments and to differentiate the spatial accumulation of the suspended sediment concentrations from the coastal water at the pixel scale. Maximum (0.8 % in near-infrared bands) and minimum (0.6 % in blue bands) spectral reflectance indicates the occurrence of suspended sediments in the coastal water. The model-derived results revealed that the suspended sediment concentration gradually decreased with increasing depth and distance from the shoreline. Higher sediment concentrations accumulated at lower depths in coastal water due to wave and current action that seasonally circulated the sediments. This higher concentration of the suspended sediment load was estimated to be 0.92 mg L −1 at the shallow depths (< 10 m) of the coastal waters and 0.30 mg L −1 at a depth of 30 m. Seasonal variability of suspended sediments was observed in a north-south direction during the pre-monsoon; the reverse was noted during the post-monsoon period. The spatial variability of suspended sediments was indirectly proportional to the depth and distance from the shoreline, and directly proportional to offshore wave and littoral current activity. This study proves that the developed model coupled with the provided computational algorithm can be used as an effective tool for the estimation of suspended sediment concentrations using multitemporal OLI images; furthermore, the output may be helpful for coastal zone management and conservation planning and development.
Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing, 2006
Indian Remote Sensing Satellite (IRS) -P4 Ocean Colour Monitor (OCM) data were used to estimate Suspended Sediment Concentration (SSC) in the coastal waters offChennai and to study the distribution along the coast. Surface water samples were collected during May and October 2000 synchronized with satellite overpass, and quantitative estimates of Suspended Sediment Concentration (SSC) were done. OCM -Data Analysis System (DAS) software developed by the Space Applications Centre, Ahmedabad was used for OCM data processing and analysis. The field data and OCM derived SSC showed a correlation of r = 0.85 and r = 0.95 for the months of May and October respectively.
2018
12 Studies on suspended sediment concentration at seasonal scale play a vital role for understanding coastal hydrodynamic 13 processes in an area. Assessment of spatio-temporal changes in suspended sediments along the near offshore has more 14 complexity using conventional method; this issues nowadays can successfully be solved using multi-temporal remotely 15 sensed images with the help of advanced image processing techniques. The present study is an attempt to demonstrate the 16 model algorithm used to extract suspended sediment concentration using Landsat 8 OLI (Operational Land Imager) sensor 17 image. The study has been executed along the near-offshore area of Thiruvananthapuram coast, South India for extraction of 18 suspended sediment and its seasonal variability during pre and post monsoon. The OLI images were pre-processed for 19 obtaining the actual reflectance using FLASSH module of ENVI v5.5 software. The generic model developed here in is 20 designed to compute the spec...
Suspended sediment is one of significant factors related to cause of erosion and deposition in coastal zone. Hence, monitoring and understanding of the suspended sediment dynamics are vital components to handle coastal problems. Despite numerous studies worldwide, it is still a challenge to estimate suspended sediment concentration and its siltation characteristics in the continental shelf of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh. In this study, we addressed this challenge using in situ measurements and satellite based techniques. In understanding the spatial variation of suspended sediment concentration, its spatial distribution and siltation, three different levels of experiment were done. Firstly, the in situ data were collected from two study areas and analyzed in the laboratory. Since satellite imagery has been found to be propitious for providing information on suspended sediment concentration (SSC), secondly, we calibrated the in situ data of SSC to the contemporary Landsat 8OLI imagery spectral information and developed an algorithm based on the nearinfrared (NIR) band and in situ measurements to derive SSC spatial distribution maps over the whole northern part of the shelf zone. Thirdly, we used eco-sounding based bathymetry charts of two different years (i.e. 1982 and 2007 AD) developed by the Bangladesh Internal Water Transport Authority (BIWTA) to assess spatial variation of sediment deposition in the shelf zone and resulting bottom topography change over from 1982 to 2007 AD. Results revealed that, maximum and minimum SSC were found near the Meghna estuary (1.9gml-1) and near the head of the Swatch of no Ground (SNG) (0.22 gml-1), respectively. Maximum turbidity zone was found near the shore within the 5meter water depth contour line but may exceed during the monsoon season. During the season of low water discharge from the river network this turbidity is mainly triggered by the bottom sediment re-suspension induced by the action of tide and wave energy. The SSC maps revealed a high magnitude of SSC (≈ 2 gml-1) found in the estuary near the shore, which is not significant (<0.3 gml-1) beyond the 10 meter water depth contour line.
Remote Sensing of suspended sediments along the Tamil Nadu coastal waters
Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing, 1996
Indian Remote Sensing satellite (IRS) IA &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp; IB digital data in combination with field measurement were used to map distribution and concentration of suspended sediments along the Tamil Nadu coastal waters for monsoon and non-monsoon periods. Qualitative suspended sediment ...
IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, 2021
Monitoring of total suspended matter (TSM) concentration in the coastal waters is vital for water quality monitoring and coastal management. In this study, TSM over the highly dynamic Hooghly estuary region is derived using moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) surface reflectances at 645 nm and in situ TSM observations. MODIS TSM products show a correlation of 0.95, root-mean-square error of 24.72 g/m 3 , and mean absolute and percentage errors of 18.25 g/m 3 and 23.2%, respectively, when compared with in situ measurements. Subsequently, TSM variability in the Hooghly estuary from the derived TSM maps was analyzed during the period 2003-2018 on monthly and seasonal time scales. The annual cycle of TSM showed peak concentration (>250 g/m 3) during the southwest monsoon season that could be attributed to large-scale river discharge as compared with the northeast and intermonsoon seasons (∼100-150 g/m 3). Interannual variability showed higher TSM during the years 2004, 2012, and 2013 and low during 2005 and 2015. It could be concluded that the fine tuning of the existing TSM retrieval algorithm is essential based on the long-term earth observation data for monitoring the sediment distribution in the coastal and estuarine regions utilizing available satellite observations, particularly in the highly turbid estuaries, such as the Hooghly estuary.
Mapping of Total Suspended Solids on the Coastal of Bangkalan Madura Using Satellite Image Data
2019
Total suspended matters or often called total suspended solid (TSS) is a fine material that is spread in the main body of water in coastal areas and river flow. This material is a parameter that is widely used to detect sedimentation or erosion on the coast. The mapping of the distribution of suspended solids has been carried out by many researchers in various parts of the world, and on this research satellite technology will be used in mapping the suspended solids on the Bangkalan coast of Madura island. The method used in this study is the calculation of an algorithm of the reflectance values of satellite images with the TSS field data with reflectors at RGB(red, green,blue) wavelengths, and the satellite images used in this study are Aqua Modis images acquired on June 17, 2019. The results obtained indicate that Aqua Modis imagery can be used to map the distribution of the total value of suspended solids (TSS) with a high enough accuracy, both for linear algorithms and for expone...