Hospitalized pandemic influenza A (H1N1) patients in a university hospital (original) (raw)
Related papers
Journal of tropical pediatrics, 2011
The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of pandemic influenza in hospitalized children. A total of 114 patients with suspected H1N1 virus infection were hospitalized, and nasal swabs were sent to National Influenza Reference Laboratory for confirmation of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection by rRT-PCR assay. Forty-six female and 68 male patients were included in the study. Age of the patients ranged from 40 days to 16 years. Clinical and/or radiological pneumonia were detected in 96% of all. Sixteen patients required mechanical ventilation due to hypoxemia. Previously healthy children required mechanical ventilation and oxygen therapy more than patients with chronic diseases. Elevated levels of CRP and LDH in patients with respiratory distress and patients who required mechanical ventilation were statistically significant. Our study showed that progress of pandemic influenza infection in previously healthy children is as severe ...
TURKISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, 2015
Background/aim: The 2009 influenza A (H 1 N 1) pandemic caused mild to severe illnesses and led to death in some cases. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between the serum D-dimer levels, CURB-65 scores, and the severity of pneumonia among patients with H 1 N 1 infections. Materials and methods: Sixty-eight patients who had probable H 1 N 1 infections were evaluated by clinical, radiological, and laboratory methods. The H 1 N 1 strain was specified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Of 55 patients diagnosed with pneumonia, 18 exhibited H 1 N 1 positivity and 37 patients did not. Results: CURB-65 scores of pneumonia patients with H 1 N 1 (group 1) were higher than those of patients without H 1 N 1 (group 2) (P = 0.02). The D-dimer levels of group 1 were higher than those of group 2 (P = 0.001). Moreover, there was a positive correlation between D-dimer levels and CURB-65 scores in patients with H 1 N 1-associated pneumonia (P = 0.001; r = 0.89). Conclusion: Increased D-dimer levels were observed in pneumonia patients with H 1 N 1 infection, which predicted the severity of pneumonia.
2012
To describe the demographic characteristics and clinical features in children with influenza A (H1N1) virus infection and to identify risk factors for severe disease or poor prognosis. Following the first tourist-imported case in Turkey on 16 May 2009, the influenza A (H1N1) virus has spread throughout the country. Materials and methods: Children under 18 years of age who were hospitalized for at least 24 h with an influenza-like illness and who had confirmed influenza A (H1N1) virus infection were included in the study. Demographic factors, clinical signs and symptoms, laboratory results, radiographic findings, treatments, and follow-up periods were noted. Results: During the period of October to December 2009, 126 [63.5% males, median age: 3 years (range: 0.1-9 years)] children with cases of influenza A (H1N1) virus infection were hospitalized. Fever (95.2%), cough (84.1%), rhinorrhea (70%), and dyspnea (63.5%) were the most common presenting symptoms. A total of 46 patients (36.4...
2015
Background: Pandemic H1N1 influenza virus is a cause of a wide spread out break of febrile respiratory infection in Turkey and worldwide. We describe the characteristics of patients who were hospitalized with H1N1/A influenza in Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey from October 2009 to mid-November 2009. Methods: We collected data of 36 patients who were hospitalized for at least 3 days for influenza-like illness and who were positive for the H1N1/A virus using by real-time reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction assay. Results: Of the 36 patients we studied, 17% were admitted to an intensive care unit and 8% died. Seventeen percent of the patients were children under the age of 18 years, but never were 45 years of age or older. Eighty percent of the patients had at least one underlying medical condition; these conditions included asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; diabetes; lung, heart, and neurologic diseases; and pregnancy. All of the patients who underwent chest radiography on admission, 28 (78%) had findings consistent with pneumonia. Three (8%) of the patient were died. The median age of patients who died (29.6 years) was not significantly higher than that of the non-fatal cases (26.5 years, p > 0.05). Of the 36 patients for whom data were available regarding the use of antiviral drugs, such therapy was initiated in 26 patients (72%) at a median of 3 days after the onset of illness. Conclusions: During of the 45 daily period, H1N1/A influenza caused severe illness requiring hospitalization, including pneumonia and death. Nearly three quarters of the patients had one or more underlying medical conditions. One severe illnesses were reported among person with pregnancy. Patients seemed to benefit from antiviral therapy. Data suggest that the use of antiviral drugs was beneficial in hospitalized patients, especially when such therapy was initiated early.
Different features of influenza A H1N1pdm09 virus infection among adults in 2009/10 and 2010/11
The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, 2016
Introduction: Influenza A H1N1pdm09 virus infection causes an epidemiologically and clinically severe disease mostly characterized by pneumonia, resulting in a high mortality rate. The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare epidemiological and clinical characteristics of influenza A H1N1pdm09 virus infection in patients hospitalized during the pandemic (2009/10) and post-pandemic seasons (2010/11). Methodology: The data of patients with laboratory-confirmed influenza A H1N1pdm09 virus infection hospitalized and treated at the University Hospital for Infectious Diseases Dr. Fran Mihaljevic in Zagreb, Croatia in the first two seasons of appearance were analyzed. Results: Compared to the pandemic season, in the post-pandemic season, patients were hospitalized longer, had higher values of inflammatory parameters, and were more often treated with antibiotics. The total number of risk factors in patients did not vary significantly between the two seasons. In the pandemic sea...
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2012
In late March 2009, an outbreak of influenza A H1N1 virus infection was detected in Mexico. The virus then spread rapidly to many other regions of the world. 1,2 In late April, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced the emergence of a novel influenza A virus, and in June 2009, the WHO raised its pandemic alert level to the highest level. 3 More than 214 countries, including the countries and territories of the Middle East, reported laboratory-confirmed cases of pandemic H1N1 influenza A. 4 The pandemic was declared to be over in August 2010. 5 The first confirmed case of H1N1 in Oman was reported in June 2009, and the total number of confirmed cases detected by the beginning of January 2010 was 7040 with 31 deaths. 6 As of November 2009, the total number of confirmed cases in the Eastern Mediterranean region (to which Oman belongs) was 22 689, and 137 of these cases had died. 7 The spectrum of H1N1 influenza has been described to range from a non-febrile, mild upper respiratory tract illness to severe or fatal pneumonia. 8 The most commonly reported symptoms are cough, fever, sore throat, malaise, and headache. 8-10 The least commonly reported symptoms are nausea, vomiting and/or diarrhea. 8-10 The clinical diagnosis of an influenza infection is often elusive given its non-specific presentation. From a health perspective, differentiating between influenza and influenzalike illnesses (ILI) caused by other respiratory pathogens could be very valuable because of the availability of specific antiviral therapies, 11 the potential serious complications of this disease,
Lung India, 2011
were found in pigs in United States (US). Further on, it has been found that this new virus has gene segments from the swine, avian and human flu virus genes. The scientists call this a 'quadruple reassortant' virus and hence this new (novel) virus is christened "Influenza A (H1N1) virus". [1-3] The World Health Organization (WHO) raised the pandemic level from 5 to 6, the highest level after the documentation of human to human transmission of the virus in at least three countries in two of the six world regions defined by the WHO. [4,5] The first case of confirmed infection with the virus in India was documented in May, 2009, [6] but only few cases were reported up to August, 2009. After that large numbers of positive cases were reported throughout the Background: The first case of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection in India was reported in May, 2009 and in Saurashtra region in August, 2009. We describe the clinico-epidemiological characteristics of patients who were hospitalized with 2009 influenza A (H1N1) infection in Saurashtra region. Materials and Methods: From September, 2009 to February, 2010, we observed 274 persons infected with 2009 influenza A (H1N1) virus who were admitted in different hospitals in Rajkot city. Real-time reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) testing was used to confirm infection; the clinico-epidemiological features of the disease were closely monitored. Results: Of 274 patients, median age was 29.5 years, and 51.5% were males. Only 1.1% patients had recent travel history to infected region. Median time of five days was observed from onset of illness to influenza A (H1N1) diagnosis, while median time of six days reported for hospital stay. All admitted patients received oseltamivir drug, but only 16.1% received it within two days of onset of illness. One fourth of admitted patients were expired. The most common symptoms were cough (96.7%), fever (92%), sore throat and shortness of breathing, and coexisting conditions including diabetes mellitus (9.9%), hypertension (8.8%), chronic pulmonary diseases (5.5%) and pregnancy (5.5%) (P<0.05). Pneumonia was reported in 93% patients with chest radiography. Conclusion: We have demonstrated that infection-related illness affects both children and adults with survival of 74% patients. The median time from onset of illness to virus detection with use of real-time RT-PCR is five days. Pregnancy is found as a significant (P<0.05) risk factor for severe disease.