Experimental challenges of modelling structure response to tunnelling (original) (raw)
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A full 3-D finite element analysis of tunneling–adjacent structures interaction
Computers and Geotechnics, 2003
This paper concerns a study of the interaction between tunneling in soft soils and adjacent structures. Analysis is performed using a full three-dimensional finite element model, which takes into consideration the presence of the structure during the construction of the tunnel. The soil behavior is assumed to be governed by an elastic perfectly-plastic constitutive relation based on the Mohr-Coulomb criterion with a non-associative flow rule. The paper is composed of three parts. The first part describes the numerical model used in this study, the second part concerns a full three-dimensional analysis of the construction of a shallow tunnel close to a two level building. The last part includes comparison between the full 3D analysis and a simplified approach, which neglects the influence of the presence of the structure in the determination of the tunneling-induced ground movement. #
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A model for tunneling based on stochastic processes proves to be capable of interpreting the results of two experiments at the microwave scale. The first of these consisted of measuring the penetration time in a subcutoff waveguide; the second one, in measuring the shift of a beam in a frustrated total reflection. Said shift which is a measurement of the traversal time of the barrier. In both cases, a peak in the real-time component was evidenced, as predicted by the theoretical model.
Time-dependent Interactions in Tunnelling Dynamics
Revista Mexicana de Física, 2022
In this paper, the tunnelling of a particle through a potential barrier is investigated in the presence of a time-dependent perturbation. The latter is attributed to the process of the energy measurement of the scattered particle. The time-dependent Schrödinger equation of the model is exactly solved. The probability density inside the barrier is calculated from the obtained wave function, proving that the tunnelling dynamics is determined not only by the transmitted and reflected waves but also by their interference. Furthermore, the interference term is time-dependent and contribute to the scattering process duration. The tunnelling time is calculated as the time needed to get the probability density inside the barrier to zero. This is the minimum duration of the measurement process before detecting the particle beyond the barrier. Based on this, a new method of estimating the tunnelling time by energy experimental measuring is proposed.
Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe - HAL - Inria, 2017
Le travail proposé ici fait partie d'un projet plus global traitant de la caractérisation du sous-sol par des approches ondulatoires dans le cadre unique du Laboratoire Souterrain à Bas Bruit (LSBB) de Rustrel, Vaucluse, France. L'environnement expérimental actuel du LSBB fait apparaître un ensemble de galeries horizontales souterraines (plusieurs centaines de mètres sous terre), dont une galerie principale qui présente une paroi bétonnée. Une galerie dite anti-souffle est, quant à elle, restée brute après percement. La première étape de notre travail consiste à mettre en place un problème direct permettant d'appréhender cette géométrie spécifique. Nous proposons ainsi d'établir dans ce papier, par une approche semi-analytique, la réponse bidimensionnelle en régime transitoire de la galerie principale, présentant une partie bétonnée en surface, elle-même baignée dans un espace rocheux infini, homogène, isotrope et élastique de toute part. Les conditions de contact entre la paroi et la roche sont considérées comme imparfaites, faisant apparaître une discontinuité de déplacement à l'interface tunnel-sol. Une excitation de type point source à l'intérieur du tunnel est prise en compte. Dans un premier temps, le problème est résolu dans le domaine fréquentiel. Les champs mécaniques dans le tunnel et le sol sont exprimés en utilisant des séries de Hankel ou Bessel adaptées. La prise en compte des conditions aux limites spécifiques conduit à la résolution, pour chaque mode et pour chaque fréquence, d'un système linéaire permettant de déterminer les termes des séries nécessaires à l'estimation numérique des champs de contraintes et de déplacements en tout point de la géométrie. L'algorithme de Durbin est alors utilisé pour revenir dans l'espace temporel à partir de l'ensemble des réponses fréquentielles. Les deux approches, harmonique et temporelle, sont validées sur des cas limites issus de la bibliographie. Pour finir, l'étude de l'influence de différents paramètres est proposée : épaisseur de la partie bétonnée du tunnel, qualité des interfaces et enfin nature de la source excitatrice.
Time-dependent tunnel convergence—II. Advance rate and tunnel-support interaction
International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, 1991
A time-dependent model of tunnel convergence for tunnelling in a viscoelastic rock mass is proposed in the accompanying paper (this issue, pp. 469-475) to model the excavation-construction process during tunnelling in a rock mass with rheological properties. In this paper, a parametric study based on this model is presented to investigate the effects of the tunnelling advancing and support installation, respectively, on the tunnel convergence and on the support-pressure. Furthermore, a non-linear optimization procedure is suggested to calibrate the required model parameters from the in situ measured tunnel-convergence data. Discussion on the proper application of the proposed model and the optimization calibration are also included.
Building response to tunnelling
Soils and Foundations, 2014
Understanding how buildings respond to tunnelling-induced ground movements is an area of great importance for urban tunnelling projects, particularly for risk management. In this paper, observations of building response to tunnelling, from both centrifuge modelling and a field study in Bologna, are used to identify mechanisms governing the soil-structure interaction. Centrifuge modelling was carried out on an 8-m-diameter beam centrifuge at Cambridge University, with buildings being modelled as highly simplified elastic and inelastic beams of varying stiffness and geometry. The Bologna case study presents the response of two different buildings to the construction of a sprayed concrete lining (SCL) tunnel, 12 m in diameter, with jet grouting and face reinforcement. In both studies, a comparison of the building settlement and horizontal displacement profiles, with the greenfield ground movements, enables the soil structure interaction to be quantified. Encouraging agreement between the modification to the greenfield settlement profile, displayed by the buildings, and estimates made from existing predictive tools is observed. Similarly, both studies indicate that the horizontal strains, induced in the buildings, are typically at least an order of magnitude smaller than the greenfield values. This is consistent with observations in the literature. The potential modification to the settlement distortions is shown to have significant implications on the estimated level of damage. Potential issues for infrastructures connected to buildings, arising from the embedment of rigid buildings into the soil, are also highlighted.
Ultimate Limit State Analysis of a Segmented Tunnel Lining
This research was carried out as a Master Thesis at the Section of Concrete Structures at Delft University of Technology in cooperation with TNO Built Environment and Geosciences. With this assignment I got a chance to work on a very interesting and unique project. It gave me the opportunity to combine two subjects that I enjoyed most during my study, structural engineering and concrete structures.