Muscle strength can better differentiate between gradations of functional performance than muscle quality in healthy 50-70y women (original) (raw)
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Lower-limb muscle strength: normative data from an observational population-based study
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 2020
Background: The extent of muscle deterioration associated with ageing or disease can be quantified by comparison with appropriate reference data. The objective of this study is to present normative data for lower-limb muscle strength and quality for 573 males and 923 females aged 20-97 yr participating in the Geelong Osteoporosis Study in southeastern Australia. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, measures of muscle strength for hip flexors and hip abductors were obtained using a Nicholas manual muscle tester, a hand-held dynamometer (HHD; kg). Leg lean mass was measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA; kg), and muscle quality calculated as strength/mass (N/kg). Results: For both sexes, muscle strength and quality decreased with advancing age. Age explained 12.9-25.3% of the variance in muscle strength in males, and 20.8-24.6% in females; age explained less of the variance in muscle quality. Means and standard deviations for muscle strength and quality for each muscle group are reported by agedecade for each sex, and cutpoints equivalent to T-scores of − 2.0 and − 1.0 were derived using data from young males (n = 89) and females (n = 148) aged 20-39 years. Conclusions: These data will be useful for quantifying the extent of dynapenia and poor muscle quality among adults in the general population in the face of frailty, sarcopenia and other age-related muscle dysfunction.
Reliability of Lower Extremity Muscle Power and Functional Performance in Healthy, Older Women
Journal of Aging Research, 2021
Evaluation of the long-term reliability of muscle power and functional performance tests in older, healthy adults is warranted since determining whether performance is consistent over longer durations is more relevant for intervention studies. Objective. To assess the long-term test–retest reliability of measures of muscle power and lower body functional performance in healthy, nonexercising, older women. Methods. Data were derived from a nonexercising control group (n = 18; age = 73.3 (3.4) years; height = 159.6 (7.7) cm; body mass = 69.5 (12.7) kg; BMI = 27.3 (4.8)) of a randomized controlled trial of muscle power training in older women. Participants underwent lower extremity muscle power (Biodex) and functional testing (Short Physical Performance Battery, gait speed, 30-second chair stands, stair climbing, and 400-meter walk) at week 0 (baseline), 9, and 15. Results. For the upper leg, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were very high for knee extension power (0.90–0.97)...
Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia
Objective: to analyze the relationship between handgrip strength and lower limb strength and the amount of segmental skeletal muscle mass in middle-aged and elderly women. Methods: an observational, cross-sectional, observational study of 540 women aged between 40 and 80 years in the cities of Parnamirim and Santa Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte, was performed. Sociodemographic data, anthropometric measurements, handgrip dynamometry, knee flexors and extensors of the dominant limbs, as well as the segmental muscle mass of the limbs were evaluated. Data were analyzed using Student's t-Test, Chi-square test, Effect Size and Pearson's Correlation (CI 95%). Results: there were statistically significant weak and moderate correlations between handgrip strength and upper limb muscle mass, knee flexion strength and lower limb muscle mass, and between knee extension strength and lower limb muscle mass for the age groups 40-59 years and 60 years or more (p<0.05). Conclusions: muscle stre...
Ambulatory Activity, Body Composition, and Lower-Limb Muscle Strength in Older Adults
Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 2009
Purpose: It is unclear how the amount of ambulatory activity (AA) participated in by older adults relates to body composition or leg strength. The aim of this study was to describe associations of pedometer-determined AA with body fat and leg muscle parameters in community-dwelling 50-to 79-yr-olds. Methods: A crosssectional study of 982 randomly recruited subjects was conducted (51% female; mean age = 62 T 7 yr). Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry measured body composition, including total body fat, trunk fat, and leg lean mass. Isometric strength of the quadriceps and hip flexors was measured using a dynamometer. Leg muscle quality was calculated as kilograms of leg strength per kilogram of leg lean mass. Individual AA was recorded over seven d using a pedometer. Results: Average AA was 9622 T 4004 steps per day. There was no evidence of a threshold model between AA and body fat, leg lean mass, or leg strength. Multivariable regression analyses adjusting for age revealed that AA was negatively associated with total body fat (overall A = j0.54, P G 0.001; partial R 2 = 0.06) and trunk fat mass (overall A = j0.28, P G 0.001; partial R 2 = 0.05). In women only, a significant positive association between AA and both leg strength (A = 0.71, P = 0.016; partial R 2 = 0.01) and leg muscle quality (A = 0.08, P = 0.001; partial R 2 = 0.02) was observed. Conclusions: These results suggest that pedometer-determined AA is a major determinant of body fat in community-dwelling older adults and is also involved in the maintenance of leg strength and muscle quality in older women.
Journal of Aging and Health, 2011
Objective: The purposes of this study were to determine the relationship between muscle mass, muscle strength, muscle quality, and fat mass with a composite measure of physical function in older adults, and to determine whether these relations differed by age and sex. Method: Participants consisted of 1280 adults aged ≥ 55 yr from the NHANES study. Reduced rank regression was used to identify patterns of muscle mass, muscle strength, muscle quality, and fat mass related to physical function. Results: A single relevant pattern emerged that included leg strength and fat mass as predictors of the 7 physical function variables. The leg strength loading was significantly greater than the fat mass loading in men and women aged 55-64 and ≥75, and differed between sexes. Conclusion: Leg strength and fat mass Journal of Aging and Health 23 best predict physical function in older adults and the relative importance varies according to age and sex.
Changes in the muscle strength and functional performance of healthy women with aging
Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 2012
Lower limbs antigravity muscles weakness and decreased functional ability have significant role in falling. The aim of this study was to find the effects of aging on muscle strength and functional ability, determining the range of decreasing strength and functional ability and relationship between them in healthy women. Across-section study was performed on 101 healthy women aged 21-80 years. The participants were divided into six age groups. The maximum isometric strength of four muscle groups was measured using a hand-held dynamometer bilaterally. The functional ability was measured with functional reach (FR), timed get up and go (TGUG), single leg stance (SLS), and stairs walking (SW) tests. Muscle strength changes were not significant between 21-40 years of age, but decreased significantly thereafter. Also, there was a significant relationship between muscle strength and functional ability in age groups. Both muscle strength and functional ability is reduced as a result of aging...
BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2021
Background To propose cut-off points for older adults’ weakness for upper and lower limbs muscle strength normalized by body size with the ratio standard/muscle quality and allometric scaling. Methods Ninety-four community-dwelling older adults (69.1% women) were assessed for 49 body-size variables (anthropometry, body composition and body indexes), handgrip strength (HGS), one maximum repetition measurement for knee extensors (1RM), isokinetic knee extension peak torque at 60°/s (PT), and six-minute walk test (6MWT). Ratio standard or muscle quality (muscle strength/body size) and allometric scaling (muscle strength/body sizeb; when b is the allometric exponent) were applied for body-size variables significantly correlated with HGS, 1RM and PT. Cut-off points were computed according to sex based on mobility limitation (6MWT < 400 m) with ROC curve and Youden index. Results Absolute HGS, 1RM and PT cut-off points were not adequate because they were associated with body size (r &g...
Sports
Exercise has been suggested for older adults. However, there is no consensus whether exercising older adults present better strength levels and body composition indexes compared with inactive counterparts. Our aim was to compare absolute and relative isokinetic muscular knee strength and body composition between exercising and non-exercising older women. Exercising (n = 20) and non-exercising (n = 21) groups were evaluated for body mass index (BMI), body composition, and isokinetic muscular knee strength. BMI (p = 0.005), total body mass (p = 0.01), fat mass (p = 0.01), and fat mass percentage (p = 0.01) were higher in non-exercising women, and the lean mass percentage was lower in the non-exercising group (p = 0.01). Isokinetic extensor and flexor knee muscle strength for dominant limbs presented higher peak torque values when corrected for total body mass (Nm·kg−1) in the exercising group (p < 0.05). Exercising older women presented better body composition and higher strength r...
Predictors of muscle strength in older individuals
To analyze possible relationships between load, body mass and lean body mass in an effort to provide norm-referenced standards for the one repetition maximum test and to predict whole body muscle strength (WBMS) in older individuals. METHODS: We measured body mass, lean body mass and the one repetition maximum (1RM) test in different exercises in 189 older men and women aged 61 to 82 years. Whole body muscle strength (WBMS) was calculated as the sum of loads of the different exercises. RESULTS: For women, the inclusion of body mass or lean body mass increased the R 2 from 0.41 to 0.82, and yielded the following equation: WBMS = 75.788 + (2.288 × load in kg of latissimus pull down) + (0.799 × lean body mass in kg). For men, the inclusion of either body mass (WBMS = 290.33 -[3.140 × age in years] + [1.236 × body mass in kg] + [1.549 × load in kg of leg press]) or, in particular, lean body mass (WBMS = 343.25 -[3.298 × age in years] + [.415 × lean body mass in kg] + [1.737 × load in kg of leg press]) decreased the standard error of the estimate. CONCLUSION: