Beams Dynamics End to End Simulations with Errors Studies through the ESS linac (original) (raw)

End to End Beam Dynamics of the Ess Linac

The European Spallation Source, ESS, uses a linear accelerator to deliver the high intensity proton beam to the target station. The nominal beam power is 5 MW at an energy of 2.5 GeV. The individual accelerating structures in the linac and the transport lines are briefly described, and the beam is tracked from the source throughout the linac to the target. This paper will present a review of the beam dynamics from the source to the target.

Beam Dynamics and Design of the Ess Linac

The European Spallation Source, ESS, will use a linear accelerator delivering high current long pulses with an av-erage beam power of 5 MW to the target station at 2.5 GeV in the nominal design. The possibilities to upgrade to a higher power Linac at fixed energy are considered. This paper will present a full review of the Linac design and the beam dynamics studies.

Ess Linac, Design and Beam Dynamics

The European Spallation Source, ESS, will use a linear accelerator delivering a high intensity proton beam with an average beam power of 5 MW to the target station at 2.5 GeV in long pulses of 2.86 ms. The ESS LINAC will use two types of superconducting cavities, spoke resonators at low energy and elliptical cavities at high energies. The possibilities to upgrade to a higher power LINAC at fixed energy are considered. This paper will present a review of the superconducting LINAC design and the beam dynamics studies.

Beam physics of the 8-GeV linac

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 2009

Fermilab is developing the concept and design of an 8-GeV superconducting H À linac with the primary mission of increasing the intensity of the Main Injector for the production of neutrino superbeams. The front-end of the linac up to 420 MeV operates at 325 MHz and accelerates the beam from the ion source using a room temperature radio-frequency quadrupole followed by short CH type resonators and superconducting spoke resonators. In the high-energy section, the acceleration is provided by superconducting elliptical 1.3 GHz cavities similar to the ones developed for the International Linear Collider (ILC). The beam physics for the linac is presented in this paper using two beam dynamics codes:

Beam dynamics studies of the 8 GeV Linac at FNAL

2008

The proposed 8-GeV proton driver (PD) linac at FNAL includes a front end up to 420 MeV operating at 325 MHz and a high energy section at 1300 MHz. A normal conducting RFQ and short CH type resonators are being developed for the initial acceleration of the H-minus or proton beam up to 10 MeV. From 10 MeV to 420 MeV, the voltage gain is provided by superconducting (SC) spoke-loaded cavities. In the high-energy section, the acceleration will be provided by the International Linear Collider (ILC)-style SC elliptical cell cavities. To employ existing, readily available klystrons, an RF power fan out from high-power klystrons to multiple cavities is being developed. The beam dynamics simulation code TRACK, available in both serial and parallel versions, has been updated to include all known H-minus stripping mechanisms to predict the exact location of beam losses. An iterative simulation procedure is being developed to interact with a transient beam loading model taking into account RF fe...

Beam Loss and Collimation in the Ess Linac

The European Spallation Source (ESS), to be built in Lund, Sweden, is a spallation neutron source based on a 5 MW proton linac. A high power proton linac has a tight tolerance on beam losses to avoid activation of its compo-nents and it is ideal to study patterns of the beam loss and prepare beam loss mitigation schemes at the design stage. This paper presents simulations of the beam loss in the ESS linac as well as beam loss mitigation schemes using colli-mators in beam transport sections.

Beam Dynamics Studies for the Sparxino Linac

2005

The first phase of the SPARX project is a R&D activity focused on developing techniques and critical components for future X-ray FEL facilities. The SPARXINO test facility, that will generate an ultra-high peak brightness electron beam at 1 GeV, is included in this research program and it will use the 800 MeV linac of DAΦNE. The facility will allow driving a single pass FEL experiment in the range of 3-5 nm, both in SASE and seeded configurations. A peculiarity of this linac design is the choice of integrating a rectilinear RF compressor (producing a 300-500 A beam) with a magnetic chicane for a further compression up to 1 kA. In this paper we discuss the dynamics of the beam which is in the space charge dominated regime. Start to end simulations and preliminary stability studies are also reported.

Simulations of beam–beam interaction in an energy recovery linac

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, 2004

Interactions between accelerated beams and reinjected spent beams in an energy recovery linac (ERL) were studied numerically aiming at an enhanced efficiency and a reduced shielding load. With low injector energy, 1 MeV, the orthodox scheme for reinjecting spent beams, on one hand, is found to result in undesirable beam-loading deviations in an ERL owing to velocity variations of the beams. On the other hand, a counter reinjection scheme is found to be effective for suppressing the deviations, but it is also found to result in an appreciable degradation in a fresh beam's properties due to enhanced beam-beam interactions. To realize the advantages of both of these two schemes, a new combined scheme for an ERL-based FEL is proposed. Also the effects of spent beams' properties on fresh beams' emittances are discussed.

Background Calculations for the High Energy Beam Transport Region of the European Spallation Source

2014

Expected backgrounds in the final accelerator-to-target region of the European Spallation Source, to be built in Lund, Sweden, have been calculated using the MCNPX program. We consider the effects of losses from the beam, both along the full length and localised at the bending magnets, and also backsplash from the target. The prompt background is calculated, and also the residual dose, as a function of time, arising from activation of the beam components. Activation of the air is also determined. The model includes the focussing and rasterising magnets, and shows the effects of the concrete walls of the tunnel. We give the implications for the design and operation of the accelerator.

Preliminary Simulation of CERN's Linac4 H⁻ Source Beam Formation

2021

Linac4 is the new (H⁻) linear injector of CERN's accelerator complex. This contribution describes the modelling activities required to get insight into H⁻ beam formation processes and their impact on beam properties. The simulation region starts from a homogeneous hydrogen plasma, the plasma then expands through the magnetic filter field. H⁻ ions and electrons are electrostatically extracted through the meniscus (line of separation between the plasma and the extracted beam) and eventually accelerated. The physics is simulated via the 3D PIC code ONIX. This code, originally dedicated to ITER's neutral injector sources, has been modified to match single aperture sources. A new type of boundary condition is described, as well as the field distribution and geometry of the standard IS03 and a dedicated proto-type of CERN's Linac4 H⁻ source. A plasma electrode prototype designed to provide metallic boundary conditions was produced and tested. This plasma electrode geometry ena...