Differential Impact of Calcium and Vitamin D on Body Composition Changes in Post-Menopausal Women Following a Restricted Energy Diet and Exercise Program (original) (raw)
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International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of Nordic walking training on the indices of bone and carbohydrate metabolism in relation to 25(OH)D levels in postmenopausal women that were subjected to the outdoor systematic physical activity. The study was performed in 10 postmenopausal women, who participated in a 12-week Nordic walking exercise program, taking place during spring months (March to June). Anthropometric and biochemical parameters were measured before and after the training program. Serum concentrations of 25-hydroksycholekalciferol (25(OH)D), parathyroid hormone (PTH), insulin, glucose, osteocalcin (OC), C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX), and calcium were determined. After the Nordic walking exercise program, a significant increase in the serum levels of 25(OH)D and CTX and a decrease in body mass, body mass index (BMI), fat mass, and PTH concentrations were observed. The findings of the present study suggest that 25(OH)D, as important metabolic r...
Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
Background: Estrogen deficiency and increasing its reabsorption are determining factors in reducing bone density in postmenopausal women. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the response threshold of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) to resistance training along with Calcium and vitamin D intake in postmenopausal women. Methods: In the present study, 17 postmenopausal women (50 - 60 years old) in Zahedan were randomly selected and divided into two groups, exercise + supplement (n = 9) and control (n = 8). The exercise + supplement group received 1,500 mg of Calcium and 600 IU daily of vitamin D. Each of them performed resistance training movements in three sets with eight repetitions, with an intensity of 55% 1RM in the first week to 65% 1RM in the fourth week for three sessions/week during four weeks. Sampling was performed before the first training session and 24 hours after the last session from the first to fourth weeks. Data were anal...
Introduction new research suggests that calcium and vitamin D supplements may be useful in preventing weight gain during menopause. Women going through menopause often experience unusual weight gain, especially around the abdomen, which can be a risk factor for other health problems, such as heart diseases .So we aimed to assess the influence of ca and vitamin d on the anthropometric measurements in preimenopausal overweight and obesity females, in the fitness club at Zagazig University. Material and methods; This was a interventional study conducted for three months on 146 women who fulfilled the selection criteria and randomly allocated in the studied groups each group was 73 females participating in the weight loss program (balanced low caloric diet with planned exercise program) alone (control group),or with ca and vitamin d supplement (supplement group) .for quantitative data analysis a student t test was used. Results, the studied groups aged around 45.7 years (38-50), showed no significant difference (p>0.05) as regards all the demographic variables and anthropometric measurements before the intervention. After the intervention, there was a statistical significant reduction in the WC, body Wt., and BMI at the supplement group (p < 0.05). Conclusions, Ca and vitamin d is very important component in the weight reduction programs for perimenopausal women and for heathy menopause.
Obesity Medicine, 2020
The study determines the effect of 8 weeks of calcium and vitamin D supplementation with TRX on body composition and lipid profile of overweight women. Some studies show that calcium and vitamin D consumption and TRX exercise effect on weight loss and in contrast, some do not effects. Methods: Forty overweight women with vitamin D and calcium deficiency were selected and then randomly divided into four groups; exercise and supplement (SUP&TRX = 10), exercise (TRX = 10), supplement (SUP = 10) and control (C = 10). The TRX exercise administered 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week. The supplement group consumed 1000 mg of calcium and 1000 IU of vitamin D. The blood samples and anthropometric measurements collected in pretest and posttest. Repeated Analysis of Covariance used to measure within and between group changes, and Bonferroni post hoc test determined to differences between groups. Results: After 8 weeks, HDL levels and BMI were significantly changed in the SUP&TRX compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in LDL, TG, CL and Percent body fat among groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Eight weeks TRX training with supplementation improved BMI and HDL serum level. The intensity and duration of training and supplementation probably have positive effects on lipids profiles.
Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2019
Objective: We investigated changes in body composition and nutritional and metabolic parameters in a group of postmenopausal women who were classified as sufficient, insufficient and deficient in vitamin D. Subjects and methods: A total of 106 postmenopausal women were included in this cross-sectional study and classified according to their serum levels of 25-OH-vitamin D as sufficient (≥ 30 ng/mL; group S), insufficient (20.1 and 29.9 ng/mL; group I) or deficient (≤ 20 ng/mL; group D) in vitamin D. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA); dietary recall questionnaires were completed; and blood samples were analysed to compare the metabolic and nutritional status of the study groups. Results: Eleven (10.4%) of the women were classified in group S, 50 (47.2%) in group I and 45 (42.4%) in group D, with a mean serum level for 25-OH-D of 21.1 ± 7.0 ng/mL in all participants. Body composition did not differ among the groups. Serum levels of 25-OH-D were negatively correlated with serum levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol. Conclusions: Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency were highly prevalent in our group of postmenopausal women, showing an association with an unfavourable lipid profile.
British Journal of Nutrition, 2008
This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted to compare the effect of a 15-week weight-reducing programme ( − 2900 kJ/d) coupled with a calcium plus vitamin D (calcium+D) supplementation (600 mg elemental calcium and 5 μg vitamin D, consumed twice a day) or with a placebo, on body fat and on spontaneous energy/macronutrient intake. Sixty-three overweight or obese women (mean age 43 years, mean BMI 32 kg/m2) reporting a daily calcium intake < 800 mg participated in present study. Anthropometric variables, resting energy expenditure and spontaneous energy intake were measured before and after the 15-week programme. The calcium+D supplementation induced no statistically significant increase in fat mass loss in response to the programme. However, when analyses were limited to very low-calcium consumers only (initial calcium intake ≤ 600 mg/d,n7 for calcium+D,n6 for placebo), a significant decrease in body weight and fat mass (P < 0·01) and in spontaneous d...
Maturitas, 2009
Objective: To examine whether dietary changes and the consumption of dairy products fortified with calcium and vitamin D 3 versus the use of a calcium supplement alone could have any effect on anthropometric and body composition indices of postmenopausal women over a 12-month period. Methods: 101 healthy postmenopausal women were randomized to a dietary intervention group (DG: n = 39), receiving approximately 1200 mg of calcium and 7.5 g of vitamin D 3 per day via fortified dairy products and attending biweekly dietary and lifestyle intervention sessions; a calcium supplemented group (CaG: n = 26) receiving a total of 1200 mg calcium per day; and a control group who continued with their usual diet (CG: n = 36). Dietary, physical activity, anthropometric, body composition and distribution (based on DXA) data were collected at baseline and after 12 months of intervention. Results: No significant differences were observed in the mean 12-month changes in certain anthropometric (i.e. weight, BMI) and DXA (i.e. total body fat and lean mass) indices between groups. However, the DG was found to have a lower decrease in mid-arm muscle circumference (P < 0.001) and a lower increase in the sum of skinfolds' thickness (P = 0.042) compared with the CaG and the CG. Furthermore, the DG was also found to have a greater decrease in the percentage of legs' fat mass (P = 0.025) and a higher increase in the percentage of legs' lean mass (P = 0.012) compared with the two other groups. Conclusion: The application of a holistic intervention approach combining nutrition and lifestyle counseling with consumption of fortified dairy products for 12 months was found to have favourable changes in certain anthropometric and body composition indices compared to calcium supplementation alone.
Menopause, 2009
Objective-Inadequate vitamin D status is related to increased adiposity, risk of falls, and muscle weakness, particularly in the elderly. We hypothesized that serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) is related to physical fitness indices (androidal fat, whole body lean mass, balance, strength) in healthy postmenopausal women. Design-Covariates for fitness indices included: age or years since menopause; weight; 25(OH)D; energy expenditure; calcium intake. Overall and regional (androidal fat mass=waist+hip fat) body composition was assessed (N=242) via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Results-Regression analyses revealed that 71% of variability (P≤0.0001) in androidal fat mass was accounted for by weight (53.0%, P≤0.0001), white blood cell (WBC) count (2.0%, P≤0.0001), supplemental calcium (1.7%, P=0.0004), years since menopause (1.1%, P=0.0034), 25(OH)D (1.0%, P=0.0051), and vegetable servings (0.6%, P=0.027); 64% of variability (P≤0.0001) in lean mass was accounted for by weight (63.1.%, P≤0.0001), WBC count (1.4%, P=0.0038), and 25(OH)D (1.0%, P=0.013); 12% of variability (P≤0.0001) in balance (right+left leg) was accounted for by age (3.8%, P=0.0019), 25(OH)D (2.0%, P=0.025), and WBC count (1.8%, P=0.032); 14% of variability (P≤0.0001) in hand grip strength (right+left) was accounted for by weight (9.3%, P≤0.0001), 25(OH)D (2.4%, P=0.013), WBC count (2.1%, P=0.019), and age (1.6%, P=0.044); 22% of variability (P≤0.0001) in torso strength was accounted for by site (15.0%, P≤0.0001) and weight (4.6%, P=0.0003). Conclusion-Serum 25(OH)D was the common contributor to physical fitness indices (androidal fat mass, lean mass, balance, hand grip strength) in healthy postmenopausal women.