The Influence of Sport Nutrition Knowledge on Body Composition and Perceptions of Dietary Requirements in Collegiate Athletes (original) (raw)
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Competitive athletes have goals to optimize performance and to maintain healthy body composition. Sports nutrition is a component of training programs often overlooked by student-athletes and their coaches. The purpose of this study was to examine student-athletes’ sports nutrition knowledge across sex, class level, team, and completion of prior nutrition coursework. Participants included 123 mid-major Division I university student-athletes (47 females and 76 males) from baseball, softball, men’s soccer, track and field, and tennis. The student-athletes completed a survey questionnaire to determine adequate sports nutrition knowledge (mean ≥ 75%). The overall mean sports nutrition knowledge score for the student-athletes was 56.9% which was considered inadequate sports nutrition knowledge (mean < 75%). Only 12 student-athletes achieved adequate sports nutrition knowledge score of 75% or higher. There were no differences by sex, class level, team, and completion of prior nutrition...
A Comparison of Nutritional Knowledge and Food Habits of Collegiate and Non-Collegiate Athletes
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Nutrients
Nutrition knowledge (NK) is one of several factors needed to establish proper eating habits and is especially important for athletes. The aims of this study were the following: to assess the NK of athletes from the Fútbol Club Barcelona; and to study its possible association with self-perceived level of NK, attitude towards nutrition, sources of information, and some dietary habits. We performed a cross-sectional study in two parts. First, we assessed the NK of elite athletes (n = 264) and compared it to the NK of technical teams of different sports (n = 59) and non-athletes (n = 183) of different ages and levels of education. Second, we investigated the associations between NK and other variables. To assess NK, we used a previously validated questionnaire Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire for Young and Adult Athletes (NUKYA). Athletes showed a low median score (25.1 points), similar to the scores obtained by high school students (19.5) and university Philosophy students (29.0), and...
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In the last decade, the number of full-time registered dietitians (RDs) serving intercollegiate athletes in the United States has more than quadrupled. However, many student athletes may be at increased risk of nutrition-related problems that impact physical and academic performance, which include inadequate macronutrients, inadequate micronutrients, and excessive macronutrients. This narrative review reports the current literature to date on nutrition-related knowledge in collegiate athletes and the impact of sports RDs on student athletes’ nutrition knowledge and behaviors. To date, only observational and quasi-experimental studies have been published with regard to changes in nutrition knowledge and behaviors in NCAA athletes. While these studies report benefits of the RD as a member of the interdisciplinary student athlete support team, more well-designed randomized control trials are warranted to determine benefits related to health outcomes and sport-specific performance outco...
Nutrient intakes and dietary behaviors of male and female collegiate athletes
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The purpose of this study was to assess the dietary intakes and behaviors of male and female collegiate athletes. Athletes (n = 345) at a NCAA Division I university completed an anonymous questionnaire. T-tests, χ 2 statistic, and ANOVA were used to assess gender and sport differences. Multiple linear regression was used to assess gender differences in nutrient intakes, controlling for energy intake and to examine the relationships between desired weight change, dietary behaviors, and nutrient intakes. Only 15% and 26% of athletes had adequate intakes of carbohydrate and protein, respectively, based on recommendations for athletes. Males were more likely to exceed the Dietary Guidelines for fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, and sodium than females. Sixty-two percent of female athletes wanted to lose at least 5 lbs compared to 23% of males. The desire to lose weight was associated with decreased energy and macronutrient consumption, but not with inadequate micronutrient intakes.
Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 2017
The purpose of this project was to develop and validate an instrument to assess the sports nutrition knowledge of adult athletes. An evidence-based, mixed-methods process was employed to establish face/content validity (expert review), construct validity, (Independent t test and Mann-Whitney U test), internal consistency (Cronbach α), and test-retest reliability (Pearson ρ). Results confirmed content and construct validity (mean total score for registered dietitian nutritionists compared with the athletes 38.5 ± 5.3 vs 15.9 ± 9.2; P < .001), internal consistency (0.843), and reliability (r = 0.951; P < .001). The 49-item Sports Nutrition Knowledge Instrument (49-SNKI) can be a valid and reliable instrument used to measure sports nutrition knowledge of adult athletes.
Development of a psychometrically valid and reliable sports nutrition knowledge questionnaire
Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 2005
The present range of sports nutrition knowledge questionnaires have inadequate psychometric validation, and few are up to date in a rapidly changing discipline. The purpose of ibis study was to design a sports nutrition questionnaire that satisfied acceptablc psychometric criteria of validity (content and construct) and reliability {testwrelest). The questionnaire was designed by an expert panel of six sports dietitians and distributed to five groups, selected for their expected variation in sports nutrition knowledge. Dietitians. university business staff and nutrition students received questionnaires via e-mail. The response rates obtained were 21.3% (n=491, 34,4% [n=33), and 72.0% (n=lS), respectively, University business and fitness students completed questionnaires during class time. Response rates wcrc 52.3% (n=23) and 75.4% (n=49), respectively. The questionnaire was administered a second time to the business staff and the dietitians to assess test-retest reliability. Two methods were used: 1, Pearson's product-moment correlation; and 2, a percentage calculation of questions answered in an identical manner on both test occasions. Reliability was acceptable with Method 1 yielding acceptable values (r=0.74-0.93), aside from the fluid sub-category (r=0,52), Method 2 showed good test-retest concordance with 81.2% duplication of responses of all questions. Construct validity was high, as indicated by significant mean knowledge score differences between the groups (p=0.00011. Dietitians and nutrition students achieved significantly greater mean scores tl~an the remaining groups. The findings of this study indicate that the questionnaire is suitably valid and reliable to be used in research and practice to determine sports nutrition knowledge.
The General Nutrition Knowledge of Professional Athletes
2019
Proper nutrition and nutrition knowledge are necessary for health benefits both for general population and athletes, professional and non-professional ones. Of course, proper nutrition is not the same for all populations and should be adapted depending on gender, age, physical activity, health status and other needs. The physical condition, training and athletes’ success also depend on their diet. The aim of this study was to examine nutrition knowledge of professional athletes and compare it with the nutrition knowledge of their peers not professionally engaged in sports. This cross-sectional study was conducted with a specially designed anonymous questionnaire that was distributed to 211 participants (110 professional athletes and 101 non-athletes) by a specialist of occupational and sports medicine in Osijek, Eastern Croatia during September 2017. The median age of the participants was 20.0 years. There were 74.4% males and 25.6% females. The overall proportion of accurate answer...
Validation of a sports nutrition knowledge questionnaire for track and field athletes
Research Square (Research Square), 2024
Background Proper validation of a newly developed sports nutrition knowledge questionnaire is crucial to ensure that health professionals and coaches can con dently assess athletes' nutrition knowledge, which is known to impact athletes' food choices. This study aims to validate the Athletic-Sports Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire (A-SNKQ), speci cally tailored for Sri Lankan track and eld athletes. Methods Content validity was determined by translating the ratings of items by sports nutrition experts into a content validity index. Face validity was assessed via in-depth telephone interviews with elite track and eld athletes, using a retrospective think-out-loud protocol. Three groups-doctors with postgraduate quali cations in human nutrition (NTG), banking professionals (NNTG), and elite or semi-elite track and eld athletes (AG)-were engaged for the execution of construct validity. Cronbach's alpha was calculated to assess internal consistency, and the correlation coe cient between the two test attempts (test-retest reliability) was determined to evaluate reproducibility. Results The nal tool comprised 123 individual items, formulated as 32 questions within 12 subsections. Content validity was con rmed by fully integrating 49 out of 70 comments received for each subsection and partially integrating 4 comments. Face validity was established by fully integrating 33 comments out of the total (n = 40) received from 16 athletes. Construct validity was con rmed using the Kruskal-Wallis test, indicating signi cant differences in the total scores achieved as a percentage of the A-SNKQ among the NTG (462.5, 92.5%), NNTG (223.5, 44.7%), and AG (235, 47.0%; p < 0.001). Reproducibility was established by strong test-retest reliability between individuals' scores on two test attempts, three weeks apart (r = 0.98, p < 0.05). Internal reliability for each subsection met psychometric reliability requirements (Cronbach's α > 0.7). Conclusion The A-SNKQ meets all psychometric measures, providing a new, valid, and reliable tool to assess general and sports nutrition knowledge among Sri Lankan track and eld athletes.