DESIGN, NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND MANUFACTURING OF ARTIFICIAL HIP JOINT IMPLANTS (original) (raw)
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Implementation of Integrated Process Plan for an Artificial Hip Implant
World Applied Sciences Journal
This paper is about the implementation of design process for an artificial human hip joint. It includes need analysis, material characterizations, stress analysis, die design and process plan development. Two implant samples manufactured locally and imported are used during this study. Material characterization is performed using Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis, Optical Microscopy and Mechanical Testing. Using optical scanning electron microscopes, fractro-graphy is also performed for any defects in the implants such as fractures. In addition to the process plans suggested for the manufacturing of local and imported implants based on the information, an integrated process plan is also recommended. At the end, a die designed using Pro-Engineer software for the implant is also discussed. INTRODUCTION generally accepted as the common cause for infection and
Total Hip Replacement Implant Designing and its Computational Analysis using ANSYS
IRJET, 2022
Total hip replacement (THR) is an effective procedure which relieves pain and helps regain the functionality of degenerated femur bones, which might have occurred due to osteosarcoma, bone fracture, revision arthroplasty, or accidents. There are multiple factors which are responsible for the success of an implant which includes implant design, mechanical stability, osseointegration, and a patient's immunological responses, etc. But the most important factor is design of the implant and its mechanical stability. The mechanical stability of an implant determines its durability and life. The implant design determines the stability as it plays a significant role in appropriate fixation and osseointegration. We have used different models and experimental analysis to determine the mechanical characteristics of the total hip implant for different individuals, developing isotropous and aeolotropic models oriented to determine the mechanical activity of the total hip implant. These models give us important information about the resistance of the hip implant, thereby allowing us to predict its functionality in real time. Images from CT scans of healthy individuals have been utilized to analyze the morphology. CT images are extracted using mimics software and were converted to STL file and was used for obtaining the dimensions of the femoral bone, and these dimensions were used to design a patient-specific hip implant. It was designed using Auto-CAD software. FEA method was used to test the mechanical strength of different materials. The dimensions, mass, and volume of the femur bone as well as the angle of the femoral head vary from person to person thereby making it necessary to design a patient specific implant to suit personal need and requirements.
Study of 3D model hip implant using ANSYS analysis
Joint replacement, a surgical option for end stage arthritis, is well established procedure from which millions of people have benefited across the globe. India is a country of 1.2 billion people with significant knee and hip arthritis population. Artificial implants, as of now, is a developing field with a lot of limitations to overcome. The project focuses on design and fabrication of a hip implant with innovative design improvements to the ones currently available. The detailed analysis is conducted using ANSYS to identify the most suitable material for ideal utilization and exemplary conformance of working expectations. The implant is to be precision manufactured using 3D printing technology to ensure nil residual stresses. The manufactured part is tested for mechanical, dynamic mechanical and physical properties and compared against the simulation report. The project aims to develop a hip implant from scratch while also identifying the ideal material choice.
Effect of geometric parameters in the design of customized hip implants
Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology, 2017
In this paper, the effects of geometric parameters on the development of stress in custom cementless hip implant have been studied. Taguchi methods and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to find out which geometric parameters are statistically significant for the maximum von Mises stresses in the hip implant. The multiple regression analysis was also performed, to replace the FE solver and accurately and quickly predict the stress values for new patients. Three parameters horizontal offset (HO), vertical offset and neck shaft angle (NSA), with three levels have been selected. Based on L9 orthogonal array, nine hip implant shapes with three different geometric parameters were modelled. Stress analysis was carried out by using finite element analysis. ANOVA results showed that HO has the maximum impact on von Mises stresses followed by the NSA. It is shown that as the HO increases, the stress at the given region increases, however, as the neck shaft (NSA) increases the stress at the given region decreases. Good agreement is found between von Mises stresses, calculated from multiple regression analysis and obtained from FE analysis. To redesign customised hip implant for the minimum stresses, the results of this work will be important.
Cutting & Tools in Technological System, 2020
In view of the fact that the endo-prosthesis heads of human hip-joint are operated in extreme conditions, in respect of load, the selection of corresponding material and also increase of precision and quality of machining of spherical surfaces is rather topical task. In the submitted work are reviewed the problems connected with definition of the influence degree of orientation of the sapphire crystal on its workability during diamond grinding with a butt of the ring and elaboration of the perspective, original scheme of formation of the incomplete spherical surface, particularly, of the sapphire head of endo-prosthesis of the human hip-joint.
Finite element analysis of new design artificial hip prosthesis
THE 4TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIALS AND METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (ICOMMET) 2020, 2021
Bone is an organ with solid and hard structures that form the human skeleton and is a part of the human body that is vital in its role. Human bones have several problems such as decreased strength (Osteoporosis), contracting diseases such as bone cancer and arthritis, and human bones can fracture due to accidents or harsh impacts. For these cases, the alternative treatment given to patients is an artificial bone replacement. The choice of implant material is very important especially at the location of the joint, such as the hip prosthesis joint (hip bone). At the joint location, it needs materia ls that have good strength and wear resistance. Besides that, the design of the hip prosthesis joint implant is also very influenced by the patient's treatment results. A metal-on-metal (MoM) model that is without the use of bone cement (cementless) is more suitable for application in young patients who have high mobility in activity. The MoM model with the same material was chosen with the reason to prevent corrosion in the body cause environmental effect. Geometries design also plays an important role in the healing process and patient comfort. Forces applied to the implant due to human activity generates several forces and failed implant material. Therefore, it is important to ensure the hip prostheses against static force. In this study, five Artificial Hip Prosthesis (AHP) designs with varying thickness and number of holes for hip prosthesis were modeled. Static behavior and responses of these AHP designs were analyzed using ANSYS 19.1. Static analyses were conducted under body load. SolidWorks 2014 was used for CAD modeling of t he AHP designs. The performance of the new AHP designs was investigated for CoCrMo and SS 316 L mate rials and compared to each other. The design objective for AHP design is to have a low equivalent von misses stress (safety factor) and displacement. Based on the static analysis result, the safety factor for the fatigue life of the implant design has been calculated based on Goodman, Soderberg, and Gerber fatigue theories. The result shows that Design made of CoCrMo is better than SS 316 L
Numerical Analysis of Hip Joint Implant
Materials Today: Proceedings, 2015
The paper presents the experimental and FE modal analysis of Hip Joint used in the case of Hip Fracture. For the experimentation FFT analyser is used to calculate the natural frequencies. The three-dimensional finiteelement model is constructed in CATIA. The model is meshed in ANSYS workbench. During analysis the three fundamental bending modes are extracted. The finite element model agrees well with the FFT results and can serve as a baseline model of the Hip Joint.
Rapid Prototyping Journal, 2012
Purpose-The purpose of this paper is to present an improved methodology for design of custom-made hip prostheses, through integration of advanced image processing, computer aided design (CAD) and additive manufacturing (AM) technologies. Design/methodology/approach-The proposed methodology for design of custom-made hip prostheses is based on an independent design criterion for each of the intra-medullary and extra-medullary portions of the prosthesis. The intra-medullar part of the prosthesis is designed using a more accurate and detailed description of the 3D geometry of the femoral intra-medullary cavity, including the septum calcar ridge, so that an improved fill and fit performance is achieved. The extra-medullary portion of the prosthesis is designed based on the anatomical features of the femoral neck, in order to restore the original biomechanical characteristics of the hip joint. The whole design procedure is implemented in a systematic framework to provide a fast, repeatable and non-subjective response which can be further evaluated and modified in a preplanning simulation environment. Findings-The efficacy of the proposed methodology for design of custom-made hip prostheses was evaluated in a case study on a hip dysplasia patient. The cortical bone was distinguished from cancellous in CT images using a thresholding procedure. In particular the septum calcar ridge could be recognized and was incorporated in the design to improve the primary stability of the prosthesis. The lateral and frontal views of the prosthesis, with the patient's images at the background, indicated a close geometrical match with the cortical bone of femoral shaft, and a good compatibility with the anatomy of the proximal femur. Also examination of the cross sections of the prosthesis and the patient's intra-medullary canal at five critical levels revealed close geometrical match in distal stem but less conformity in proximal areas due to preserving the septum calcar ridge. The detailed analysis of the fitting deviation between the prosthesis and point cloud data of the patient's femoral intra-medullary canal, indicated a rest fitting deviation of 0.04 to 0.11 mm in stem. However, relatively large areas of interference fit of 20.04 mm were also found which are considered to be safe and not contributing to the formation of bone cracks. The geometrical analysis of the extra-medullary portion of the prosthesis indicated an anteversion angle of 12.5 degrees and a neck-shaft angle of 131, which are both in the acceptable range. Finally, a time and cost effective investment casting technique, based on AM technology, was used for fabrication of the prosthesis. Originality/value-The proposed design methodology helps to improve the fixation stability of the custom made total hip prostheses and restore the original biomechanical characteristics of the joint. The fabrication procedure, based on AM technology, enables the production of the customized hip prosthesis more accurately, quickly and economically.
Orthopedic implant design, analysis, and manufacturing system
The use of artificial intelligence technology and computer-aided design and manufacturing for the design and analysis of custom joint prostheses fabricated on demand for specific patients has been explored. A description is given of the ORTHO-PERT system, an orthopedic healthcare workstation developed for this purpose, focusing on its architecture and unique features. It is the stress and the strain field created by the implant itself that controls the remodeling of the bony tissue around a bioinert implant; the objective has been to create an automated design and manufacturing system that incorporates such knowledge. An expert system for interpretation of forces on hip prosthesis has been implemented. This system known as FEMEX (finite-element-method expert) prepares the basic FEM model for proposed hip prosthesis design. The results of the FEM analysis are heuristically interpreted, and conclusions are drawn and provided to the host expert system
JIDE: a new software for computer-aided design of hip prosthesis
2004
This work is aimed at developing an innovative simulation environment supporting and improving the design of standard joint implants (JPD integrated design environment (JIDE)). The conceptual workflow starts from the design of a new implant, by using conventional CAD programmes and completes with the generation of a report that summarises the goodness for a new implant against a database of human bone anatomies. For each dataset in the database, the JPD application calculates a set of quantitative indicators that will support the designer in the evaluation of its design on a statistical basis. The resulting system is thus directed to prostheses manufacturers and addresses a market segment that appears to have a steady growth in the future.